Getting something drawn now.

Cairo/Perspex.Cairo/Media/DrawingContext.cs

@@ -24,27 +24,54 @@ namespace Perspex.Cairo.Media
         /// </summary>
         private Context context;
 
+        /// <summary>
+        /// The cairo surface.
+        /// </summary>
+        private Surface surface;
+
         /// <summary>
         /// Initializes a new instance of the <see cref="DrawingContext"/> class.
         /// </summary>
         /// <param name="surface">The target surface.</param>
         public DrawingContext(Surface surface)
         {
+            this.surface = surface;
             this.context = new Context(surface);
         }
 
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Initializes a new instance of the <see cref="DrawingContext"/> class.
+        /// </summary>
+        /// <param name="surface">The GDK drawable.</param>
+        public DrawingContext(Gdk.Drawable drawable)
+        {
+            this.Drawable = drawable;
+            this.context = Gdk.CairoHelper.Create(drawable);
+        }
+
         public Matrix CurrentTransform
         {
             get { throw new NotImplementedException(); }
             set { throw new NotImplementedException(); }
         }
 
+        public Gdk.Drawable Drawable
+        {
+            get;
+            private set;
+        }
+
         /// <summary>
         /// Ends a draw operation.
         /// </summary>
         public void Dispose()
         {
             this.context.Dispose();
+
+            if (this.surface != null)
+            {
+                this.surface.Dispose();
+            }
         }
 
         public void DrawImage(IBitmap bitmap, double opacity, Rect sourceRect, Rect destRect)

Cairo/Perspex.Cairo/Perspex.Cairo.csproj

@@ -30,6 +30,9 @@
     <WarningLevel>4</WarningLevel>
   </PropertyGroup>
   <ItemGroup>
+    <Reference Include="gdk-sharp, Version=2.12.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=35e10195dab3c99f, processorArchitecture=MSIL" />
+    <Reference Include="glib-sharp, Version=2.12.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=35e10195dab3c99f, processorArchitecture=MSIL" />
+    <Reference Include="gtk-sharp, Version=2.12.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=35e10195dab3c99f, processorArchitecture=MSIL" />
     <Reference Include="pango-sharp, Version=2.12.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=35e10195dab3c99f, processorArchitecture=MSIL">
       <Package>gtk-sharp-2.0</Package>
     </Reference>

Cairo/Perspex.Cairo/Renderer.cs

@@ -18,11 +18,6 @@ namespace Perspex.Cairo
     /// </summary>
     public class Renderer : IRenderer
     {
-        /// <summary>
-        /// The handle of the window to draw to.
-        /// </summary>
-        private IPlatformHandle handle;
-
         /// <summary>
         /// Initializes a new instance of the <see cref="Renderer"/> class.
         /// </summary>
@@ -31,17 +26,16 @@ namespace Perspex.Cairo
         /// <param name="height">The height of the window.</param>
         public Renderer(IPlatformHandle handle, double width, double height)
         {
-            this.handle = handle;
         }
 
         /// <summary>
         /// Renders the specified visual.
         /// </summary>
         /// <param name="visual">The visual to render.</param>
-        public void Render(IVisual visual)
+        /// <param name="handle">A handle to the drawable.</param>
+        public void Render(IVisual visual, IPlatformHandle handle)
         {
-            using (var surface = CreateSurface(this.handle))
+            using (DrawingContext context = CreateContext(handle))
-            using (DrawingContext context = new DrawingContext(surface))
             {
                 this.Render(visual, context);
             }
@@ -54,7 +48,7 @@ namespace Perspex.Cairo
         /// <param name="height">The new height.</param>
         public void Resize(int width, int height)
         {
-            // Don't need to do anything here as we create a new Win32Surface on each render.
+            // Don't need to do anything here.
         }
 
         [DllImport("user32.dll")]
@@ -65,14 +59,16 @@ namespace Perspex.Cairo
         /// </summary>
         /// <param name="handle">The platform-specific handle.</param>
         /// <returns>A surface.</returns>
-        private static Surface CreateSurface(IPlatformHandle handle)
+        private static DrawingContext CreateContext(IPlatformHandle handle)
         {
             switch (handle.HandleDescriptor)
             {
                 case "HWND":
-                    return new Win32Surface(GetDC(handle.Handle));
+                    return new DrawingContext(new Win32Surface(GetDC(handle.Handle)));
                 case "HDC":
-                    return new Win32Surface(handle.Handle);
+                    return new DrawingContext(new Win32Surface(handle.Handle));
+                case "GdkWindow":
+                    return new DrawingContext(new Gdk.Window(handle.Handle));
                 default:
                     throw new NotSupportedException(string.Format(
                         "Don't know how to create a Cairo renderer from a '{0}' handle",

Gtk/Perspex.Gtk/GtkExtensions.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+// -----------------------------------------------------------------------
+// <copyright file="Window.cs" company="Steven Kirk">
+// Copyright 2014 MIT Licence. See licence.md for more information.
+// </copyright>
+// -----------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+namespace Perspex.Gtk
+{
+    using Gtk = global::Gtk;
+
+    public static class GtkExtensions
+    {
+        public static Rect ToPerspex(this Gdk.Rectangle rect)
+        {
+            return new Rect(rect.Left, rect.Top, rect.Right, rect.Bottom);
+        }
+    }
+}

Gtk/Perspex.Gtk/Perspex.Gtk.csproj

@@ -55,6 +55,7 @@
     </Reference>
   </ItemGroup>
   <ItemGroup>
+    <Compile Include="GtkExtensions.cs" />
     <Compile Include="Properties\AssemblyInfo.cs" />
     <Compile Include="GtkPlatform.cs" />
     <Compile Include="WindowImpl.cs" />

Gtk/Perspex.Gtk/WindowImpl.cs

@@ -21,11 +21,11 @@ namespace Perspex.Gtk
 		public WindowImpl ()
 		{
             this.inner = new Gtk.Window(Gtk.WindowType.Toplevel);
-
+            this.inner.DefaultSize = new Gdk.Size(640, 480);
-            // TODO: Use ?. operator on these when it's available.
+            this.inner.FocusActivated += (s, a) => this.Activated();
-            this.inner.FocusActivated += (s, a) => this.Activated.Invoke(this, EventArgs.Empty);
+            this.inner.Destroyed += (s, a) => this.Closed();
-            this.inner.Destroyed += (s, a) => this.Closed.Invoke(this, EventArgs.Empty);
+            this.inner.ConfigureEvent += (s, a) => this.Resized(new Size(a.Event.Width, a.Event.Height));
-            this.inner.ConfigureEvent += (s, a) => this.Resized.Invoke(this, new RawSizeEventArgs(a.Event.Width, a.Event.Height));
+            this.inner.ExposeEvent += (s, a) => this.Paint(a.Event.Area.ToPerspex(), GetHandle(a.Event.Window));
 
             this.Handle = new PlatformHandle(this.inner.Handle, "GtkWindow");
         }
@@ -47,13 +47,20 @@ namespace Perspex.Gtk
             private set;
         }
 
-        public event EventHandler Activated;
+        public Action Activated { get; set; }
+
+        public Action Closed { get; set; }
 
-        public event EventHandler Closed;
+        public Action<RawInputEventArgs> Input { get; set; }
 
-        public event EventHandler<RawInputEventArgs> Input;
+        public Action<Rect, IPlatformHandle> Paint { get; set; }
 
-        public event EventHandler<RawSizeEventArgs> Resized;
+        public Action<Size> Resized { get; set; }
+
+        public void Invalidate(Rect rect)
+        {
+            this.inner.QueueDraw();
+        }
 
         public void SetOwner(Window window)
         {
@@ -69,5 +76,10 @@ namespace Perspex.Gtk
         {
             this.inner.Show();
         }
+
+        private IPlatformHandle GetHandle(Gdk.Window window)
+        {
+            return new PlatformHandle(window.Handle, "GdkWindow");
+        }
     }
 }

Perspex.Controls/Platform/IWindowImpl.cs

@@ -12,17 +12,21 @@ namespace Perspex.Platform
 
     public interface IWindowImpl
     {
-        event EventHandler Activated;
+        Size ClientSize { get; }
 
-        event EventHandler Closed;
+        IPlatformHandle Handle { get; }
 
-        event EventHandler<RawInputEventArgs> Input;
+        Action Activated { get; set; }
 
-        event EventHandler<RawSizeEventArgs> Resized;
+        Action Closed { get; set; }
 
-        Size ClientSize { get; }
+        Action<RawInputEventArgs> Input { get; set; }
 
-        IPlatformHandle Handle { get; }
+        Action<Rect, IPlatformHandle> Paint { get; set; }
+
+        Action<Size> Resized { get; set; }
+
+        void Invalidate(Rect rect);
 
         void SetTitle(string title);
 

Perspex.Controls/Window.cs

@@ -63,10 +63,11 @@ namespace Perspex.Controls
             }
 
             this.impl.SetOwner(this);
-            this.impl.Activated += this.HandleActivated;
+            this.impl.Activated = this.HandleActivated;
-            this.impl.Closed += this.HandleClosed;
+            this.impl.Closed = this.HandleClosed;
-            this.impl.Input += this.HandleInput;
+            this.impl.Input = this.HandleInput;
-            this.impl.Resized += this.HandleResized;
+            this.impl.Paint = this.HandlePaint;
+            this.impl.Resized = this.HandleResized;
 
             Size clientSize = this.ClientSize = this.impl.ClientSize;
             this.dispatcher = Dispatcher.UIThread;
@@ -114,7 +115,7 @@ namespace Perspex.Controls
             this.LayoutPass();
         }
 
-        private void HandleActivated(object sender, EventArgs e)
+        private void HandleActivated()
         {
             if (this.Activated != null)
             {
@@ -122,7 +123,7 @@ namespace Perspex.Controls
             }
         }
 
-        private void HandleClosed(object sender, EventArgs e)
+        private void HandleClosed()
         {
             if (this.Closed != null)
             {
@@ -130,7 +131,7 @@ namespace Perspex.Controls
             }
         }
 
-        private void HandleInput(object sender, RawInputEventArgs e)
+        private void HandleInput(RawInputEventArgs e)
         {
             this.inputManager.Process(e);
         }
@@ -145,27 +146,31 @@ namespace Perspex.Controls
             this.dispatcher.InvokeAsync(this.RenderVisualTree, DispatcherPriority.Render);
         }
 
-        private void HandleResized(object sender, RawSizeEventArgs e)
+        private void HandlePaint(Rect rect, IPlatformHandle handle)
         {
-            this.ClientSize = e.Size;
+            this.renderer.Render(this, handle);
-            this.renderer.Resize((int)e.Size.Width, (int)e.Size.Height);
+            this.RenderManager.RenderFinished();
+        }
+
+        private void HandleResized(Size size)
+        {
+            this.ClientSize = size;
+            this.renderer.Resize((int)size.Width, (int)size.Height);
             this.LayoutManager.ExecuteLayoutPass();
-            this.RenderVisualTree();
+            this.impl.Invalidate(new Rect(this.ClientSize));
         }
 
         private void LayoutPass()
         {
             this.LayoutManager.ExecuteLayoutPass();
-            this.renderer.Render(this);
+            this.impl.Invalidate(new Rect(this.ClientSize));
-            this.RenderManager.RenderFinished();
         }
 
         private void RenderVisualTree()
         {
             if (!this.LayoutManager.LayoutQueued)
             {
-                this.renderer.Render(this);
+                this.impl.Invalidate(new Rect(this.ClientSize));
-                this.RenderManager.RenderFinished();
             }
         }
     }

Perspex.SceneGraph/Platform/IRenderer.cs

@@ -14,7 +14,8 @@ namespace Perspex.Platform
         /// Renders the specified visual.
         /// </summary>
         /// <param name="visual">The visual to render.</param>
-        void Render(IVisual visual);
+        /// <param name="handle">An optional platform-specific handle.</param>
+        void Render(IVisual visual, IPlatformHandle handle);
 
         /// <summary>
         /// Resizes the rendered viewport.

TestApplication/TestApplication-Mono.csproj

@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@
     <DebugSymbols>true</DebugSymbols>
     <DebugType>full</DebugType>
     <Optimize>false</Optimize>
-    <OutputPath>bin\Debug\</OutputPath>
+    <OutputPath>bin\Debug-Mono\</OutputPath>
     <DefineConstants>TRACE;DEBUG;PERSPEX_CAIRO;PERSPEX_GTK</DefineConstants>
     <ErrorReport>prompt</ErrorReport>
     <WarningLevel>4</WarningLevel>
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@
     <PlatformTarget>AnyCPU</PlatformTarget>
     <DebugType>pdbonly</DebugType>
     <Optimize>true</Optimize>
-    <OutputPath>bin\Release\</OutputPath>
+    <OutputPath>bin\Release-Mono\</OutputPath>
     <DefineConstants>TRACE</DefineConstants>
     <ErrorReport>prompt</ErrorReport>
     <WarningLevel>4</WarningLevel>

Windows/Perspex.Direct2D1/Media/Imaging/RenderTargetBitmapImpl.cs

@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ namespace Perspex.Direct2D1.Media
         public void Render(IVisual visual)
         {
             Renderer renderer = new Renderer(this.target);
-            renderer.Render(visual);
+            renderer.Render(visual, null);
         }
     }
 }

Windows/Perspex.Direct2D1/Renderer.cs

@@ -85,7 +85,8 @@ namespace Perspex.Direct2D1
         /// Renders the specified visual.
         /// </summary>
         /// <param name="visual">The visual to render.</param>
-        public void Render(IVisual visual)
+        /// <param name="handle">Unused.</param>
+        public void Render(IVisual visual, IPlatformHandle handle)
         {
             using (DrawingContext context = new DrawingContext(this.renderTarget, this.DirectWriteFactory))
             {

Windows/Perspex.Win32/Interop/UnmanagedMethods.cs

@@ -398,6 +398,12 @@ namespace Perspex.Win32.Interop
         [DllImport("user32.dll")]
         public static extern bool GetWindowRect(IntPtr hwnd, out RECT lpRect);
 
+        [DllImport("user32.dll")]
+        public static extern bool GetUpdateRect(IntPtr hwnd, out RECT lpRect, bool bErase);
+
+        [DllImport("user32.dll")]
+        public static extern bool InvalidateRect(IntPtr hWnd, ref RECT lpRect, bool bErase);
+
         [DllImport("user32.dll")]
         public static extern bool KillTimer(IntPtr hWnd, IntPtr uIDEvent);
 

Windows/Perspex.Win32/WindowImpl.cs

@@ -9,20 +9,12 @@ namespace Perspex.Win32
     using System;
     using System.ComponentModel;
     using System.Diagnostics.CodeAnalysis;
-    using System.Reactive.Linq;
     using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
     using Perspex.Controls;
-    using Perspex.Controls.Presenters;
-    using Perspex.Diagnostics;
-    using Perspex.Input;
     using Perspex.Input.Raw;
-    using Perspex.Layout;
     using Perspex.Platform;
-    using Perspex.Rendering;
-    using Perspex.Threading;
     using Perspex.Win32.Input;
     using Perspex.Win32.Interop;
-    using Splat;
 
     public class WindowImpl : IWindowImpl
     {
@@ -39,13 +31,15 @@ namespace Perspex.Win32
             this.CreateWindow();
         }
 
-        public event EventHandler Activated;
+        public Action Activated { get; set; }
 
-        public event EventHandler Closed;
+        public Action Closed { get; set; }
 
-        public event EventHandler<RawInputEventArgs> Input;
+        public Action<RawInputEventArgs> Input { get; set; }
 
-        public event EventHandler<RawSizeEventArgs> Resized;
+        public Action<Rect, IPlatformHandle> Paint { get; set; }
+
+        public Action<Size> Resized { get; set; }
 
         public Size ClientSize
         {
@@ -63,6 +57,20 @@ namespace Perspex.Win32
             private set;
         }
 
+        public void Invalidate(Rect rect)
+        {
+            this.Paint(rect, this.Handle);
+            //var r = new UnmanagedMethods.RECT
+            //{
+            //    left = (int)rect.X,
+            //    top = (int)rect.Y,
+            //    right = (int)rect.Right,
+            //    bottom = (int)rect.Bottom,
+            //};
+
+            //UnmanagedMethods.InvalidateRect(this.hwnd, ref r, false);
+        }
+
         public void SetOwner(Window owner)
         {
             this.owner = owner;
@@ -137,17 +145,11 @@ namespace Perspex.Win32
             switch ((UnmanagedMethods.WindowsMessage)msg)
             {
                 case UnmanagedMethods.WindowsMessage.WM_ACTIVATE:
-                    if (this.Activated != null)
+                    this.Activated();
-                    {
-                        this.Activated(this, EventArgs.Empty);
-                    }
                     break;
 
                 case UnmanagedMethods.WindowsMessage.WM_DESTROY:
-                    if (this.Closed != null)
+                    this.Closed();
-                    {
-                        this.Closed(this, EventArgs.Empty);
-                    }
                     break;
 
                 case UnmanagedMethods.WindowsMessage.WM_KEYDOWN:
@@ -183,17 +185,25 @@ namespace Perspex.Win32
                         new Point((uint)lParam & 0xffff, (uint)lParam >> 16));
                     break;
 
+                // TODO: For some reason WM_PAINT getting called continuously - investigate.
+
+                //case UnmanagedMethods.WindowsMessage.WM_PAINT:
+                //    UnmanagedMethods.RECT r;
+                //    UnmanagedMethods.GetUpdateRect(this.hwnd, out r, false);
+                //    this.Paint(new Rect(r.left, r.top, r.right - r.left, r.bottom - r.top));
+                //    return IntPtr.Zero;
+
                 case UnmanagedMethods.WindowsMessage.WM_SIZE:
                     if (this.Resized != null)
                     {
-                        this.Resized(this, new RawSizeEventArgs((int)lParam & 0xffff, (int)lParam >> 16));
+                        this.Resized(new Size((int)lParam & 0xffff, (int)lParam >> 16));
                     }
                     return IntPtr.Zero;
             }
 
             if (e != null && this.Input != null)
             {
-                this.Input(this, e);
+                this.Input(e);
             }
 
             return UnmanagedMethods.DefWindowProc(hWnd, msg, wParam, lParam);