Optimize rendering performance by reduce Premultiplied AlphaMode (#20757)

* Adding TransparencyLevel property to CompositionTarget

* Try to pass the WindowTransparencyLevel to surface

* Enable change the AlphaMode in WinUI window.

* Support disable transparency explicitly;

* Adding the test demo code.

* Fix ICompositionDrawingSurfaceInterop.BeginDraw fail. Because the surface do not set size.

* Merge the same code

* Fix compile

* Add test demo code

* Put the re create surface to trycatch block.

Solve the `transaction` do not be disposed when CreateSurface exception.

* Add the dynamic Transparency alpha mode support to DirectComposited

* Revert "Adding TransparencyLevel property to CompositionTarget"

This reverts commit da0af790b1.

* Adding TransparencyLevel property to CompositionTarget

* Adding TransparencyLevel to RenderTargetSceneInfo

* Try remove the pass level

* Finish pass RenderTargetSceneInfo to create surface.

* Remove the unuse argument

* Remove the unuse code

* Bring the comments closer to the code

* Revert sort using

* Remove the unuse using

* Try fix compile error

* Remove the unuse namespace using.

* Try fix API changed

* Try fix compile

* Update api

api/Avalonia.nupkg.xml

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
 <!-- https://learn.microsoft.com/dotnet/fundamentals/package-validation/diagnostic-ids -->
 <Suppressions xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema">
   <Suppression>
@@ -19,6 +19,24 @@
     <Left>baseline/Avalonia/lib/net10.0/Avalonia.Base.dll</Left>
     <Right>current/Avalonia/lib/net10.0/Avalonia.Base.dll</Right>
   </Suppression>
+  <Suppression>
+    <DiagnosticId>CP0002</DiagnosticId>
+    <Target>M:Avalonia.Platform.IRenderTarget.RenderTargetSceneInfo.#ctor(Avalonia.PixelSize,System.Double,Avalonia.Size)</Target>
+    <Left>baseline/Avalonia/lib/net10.0/Avalonia.Base.dll</Left>
+    <Right>current/Avalonia/lib/net10.0/Avalonia.Base.dll</Right>
+  </Suppression>
+  <Suppression>
+    <DiagnosticId>CP0002</DiagnosticId>
+    <Target>M:Avalonia.Platform.IRenderTarget.RenderTargetSceneInfo.#ctor(Avalonia.PixelSize,System.Double)</Target>
+    <Left>baseline/Avalonia/lib/net10.0/Avalonia.Base.dll</Left>
+    <Right>current/Avalonia/lib/net10.0/Avalonia.Base.dll</Right>
+  </Suppression>
+  <Suppression>
+    <DiagnosticId>CP0002</DiagnosticId>
+    <Target>M:Avalonia.Platform.IRenderTarget.RenderTargetSceneInfo.Deconstruct(Avalonia.PixelSize@,System.Double@,Avalonia.Size@)</Target>
+    <Left>baseline/Avalonia/lib/net10.0/Avalonia.Base.dll</Left>
+    <Right>current/Avalonia/lib/net10.0/Avalonia.Base.dll</Right>
+  </Suppression>
   <Suppression>
     <DiagnosticId>CP0002</DiagnosticId>
     <Target>M:Avalonia.Platform.IRenderTarget.RenderTargetSceneInfo.Deconstruct(Avalonia.PixelSize@,System.Double@)</Target>
@@ -49,6 +67,24 @@
     <Left>baseline/Avalonia/lib/net8.0/Avalonia.Base.dll</Left>
     <Right>current/Avalonia/lib/net8.0/Avalonia.Base.dll</Right>
   </Suppression>
+  <Suppression>
+    <DiagnosticId>CP0002</DiagnosticId>
+    <Target>M:Avalonia.Platform.IRenderTarget.RenderTargetSceneInfo.#ctor(Avalonia.PixelSize,System.Double,Avalonia.Size)</Target>
+    <Left>baseline/Avalonia/lib/net8.0/Avalonia.Base.dll</Left>
+    <Right>current/Avalonia/lib/net8.0/Avalonia.Base.dll</Right>
+  </Suppression>
+  <Suppression>
+    <DiagnosticId>CP0002</DiagnosticId>
+    <Target>M:Avalonia.Platform.IRenderTarget.RenderTargetSceneInfo.#ctor(Avalonia.PixelSize,System.Double)</Target>
+    <Left>baseline/Avalonia/lib/net8.0/Avalonia.Base.dll</Left>
+    <Right>current/Avalonia/lib/net8.0/Avalonia.Base.dll</Right>
+  </Suppression>
+  <Suppression>
+    <DiagnosticId>CP0002</DiagnosticId>
+    <Target>M:Avalonia.Platform.IRenderTarget.RenderTargetSceneInfo.Deconstruct(Avalonia.PixelSize@,System.Double@,Avalonia.Size@)</Target>
+    <Left>baseline/Avalonia/lib/net8.0/Avalonia.Base.dll</Left>
+    <Right>current/Avalonia/lib/net8.0/Avalonia.Base.dll</Right>
+  </Suppression>
   <Suppression>
     <DiagnosticId>CP0002</DiagnosticId>
     <Target>M:Avalonia.Platform.IRenderTarget.RenderTargetSceneInfo.Deconstruct(Avalonia.PixelSize@,System.Double@)</Target>
@@ -61,4 +97,4 @@
     <Left>baseline/Avalonia/lib/net8.0/Avalonia.OpenGL.dll</Left>
     <Right>current/Avalonia/lib/net8.0/Avalonia.OpenGL.dll</Right>
   </Suppression>
-</Suppressions>
+</Suppressions>

samples/RenderDemo/MainWindow.xaml

@@ -43,6 +43,8 @@
         </MenuItem>
         <MenuItem Header="Tests">
           <MenuItem Command="{Binding ResizeWindow}" Header="Resize window" />
+          <MenuItem x:Name="SetNotTransparencyMenuItem" Header="Set window not Transparency" Click="SetNotTransparencyMenuItem_OnClick"/>
+          <MenuItem x:Name="SetTransparencyMenuItem" Header="Set window Transparency" Click="SetTransparencyMenuItem_OnClick"/>
         </MenuItem>
       </MenuFlyout>
     </FlyoutBase.AttachedFlyout>

samples/RenderDemo/MainWindow.xaml.cs

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 using System;
 using System.Linq.Expressions;
 using Avalonia.Controls;
+using Avalonia.Interactivity;
 using Avalonia.Markup.Xaml;
 using Avalonia.Rendering;
 using RenderDemo.ViewModels;
@@ -37,5 +38,15 @@ namespace RenderDemo
         {
             AvaloniaXamlLoader.Load(this);
         }
+
+        private void SetNotTransparencyMenuItem_OnClick(object? sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
+        {
+            TransparencyLevelHint = [WindowTransparencyLevel.None];
+        }
+
+        private void SetTransparencyMenuItem_OnClick(object? sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
+        {
+            TransparencyLevelHint = [WindowTransparencyLevel.Transparent];
+        }
     }
 }

src/Avalonia.Base/Platform/IRenderTarget.cs

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 using System;
 using Avalonia.Metadata;
+using Avalonia.Rendering.Composition;
 
 namespace Avalonia.Platform
 {
@@ -32,9 +33,9 @@ namespace Avalonia.Platform
         /// </summary>
         PlatformRenderTargetState PlatformRenderTargetState => PlatformRenderTargetState.Ready;
         
-        public record struct RenderTargetSceneInfo(PixelSize Size, double Scaling, Size LogicalSize)
+        public record struct RenderTargetSceneInfo(PixelSize Size, double Scaling, Size LogicalSize, CompositionTransparencyLevel TransparencyLevel)
         {
-            public RenderTargetSceneInfo(PixelSize size, double scaling) : this(size, scaling, size.ToSize(scaling))
+            public RenderTargetSceneInfo(PixelSize size, double scaling, CompositionTransparencyLevel transparencyLevel) : this(size, scaling, size.ToSize(scaling), transparencyLevel)
             {
             }
         }

src/Avalonia.Base/Rendering/Composition/CompositionTransparencyLevel.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+namespace Avalonia.Rendering.Composition;
+
+public enum CompositionTransparencyLevel : byte
+{
+    None = 0,
+    Transparent = 1,
+    Blur = 2,
+    AcrylicBlur = 3,
+    Mica = 4
+}

src/Avalonia.Base/Rendering/Composition/Server/ServerCompositionTarget.cs

@@ -205,7 +205,7 @@ namespace Avalonia.Rendering.Composition.Server
             try
             {
                 renderTargetContext =
-                    _renderTarget.CreateDrawingContext(new(PixelSize, Scaling, Size), out properties);
+                    _renderTarget.CreateDrawingContext(new(PixelSize, Scaling, Size, TransparencyLevel), out properties);
             }
             catch (RenderTargetNotReadyException)
             {

src/Avalonia.Base/composition-schema.xml

@@ -59,6 +59,7 @@
         <Property Name="LastLayoutPassTiming" Type="LayoutPassTiming" Internal="true"/>
         <Property Name="Scaling" Type="double"/>
         <Property Name="Size" Type="Size" />
+        <Property Name="TransparencyLevel" Type="CompositionTransparencyLevel" />
     </Object>
     <KeyFrameAnimation Name="Scalar" Type="float"/>
     <KeyFrameAnimation Name="Double" Type="double"/>

src/Avalonia.Controls/TopLevel.cs

@@ -218,7 +218,8 @@ namespace Avalonia.Controls
             _scaling = LayoutHelper.ValidateScaling(impl.RenderScaling);
             _actualTransparencyLevel = PlatformImpl.TransparencyLevel;
 
-
+            _source.Renderer.CompositionTarget.TransparencyLevel =
+                ToCompositionTransparencyLevel(_actualTransparencyLevel);
 
 
             _accessKeyHandler = TryGetService<IAccessKeyHandler>(dependencyResolver);
@@ -731,6 +732,8 @@ namespace Avalonia.Controls
             }
 
             ActualTransparencyLevel = transparencyLevel;
+            Renderer.CompositionTarget.TransparencyLevel =
+                ToCompositionTransparencyLevel(transparencyLevel);
         }
 
         protected override void OnApplyTemplate(TemplateAppliedEventArgs e)
@@ -833,5 +836,18 @@ namespace Avalonia.Controls
         {
             // Do nothing becuase TopLevel should't apply MirrorTransform on himself.
         }
+
+        private static CompositionTransparencyLevel ToCompositionTransparencyLevel(WindowTransparencyLevel level)
+        {
+            if (level == WindowTransparencyLevel.Transparent)
+                return CompositionTransparencyLevel.Transparent;
+            if (level == WindowTransparencyLevel.Blur)
+                return CompositionTransparencyLevel.Blur;
+            if (level == WindowTransparencyLevel.AcrylicBlur)
+                return CompositionTransparencyLevel.AcrylicBlur;
+            if (level == WindowTransparencyLevel.Mica)
+                return CompositionTransparencyLevel.Mica;
+            return CompositionTransparencyLevel.None;
+        }
     }
 }

src/Avalonia.Wayland/Server/Persistent/WaylandBitmapCursor.cs

@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ using System.Linq;
 using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
 using Avalonia;
 using Avalonia.Platform;
+using Avalonia.Rendering.Composition;
 using Avalonia.Wayland.Server.Interop;
 using Avalonia.Wayland.Server.Transient;
 using Avalonia.Wayland.Server.Transient.Rendering;
@@ -75,7 +76,7 @@ sealed class WaylandBitmapCursor : WaylandCursor, IPersistentWaylandObject, IWay
 
         var framebuffer = new WaylandFramebuffer(this);
         using var renderTarget = framebuffer.CreateFramebufferRenderTarget();
-        using var locked = renderTarget.Lock(new IRenderTarget.RenderTargetSceneInfo(_size, 1), out _);
+        using var locked = renderTarget.Lock(new IRenderTarget.RenderTargetSceneInfo(_size, 1, CompositionTransparencyLevel.None), out _);
         // The locked framebuffer is Bgra8888 premultiplied with stride == Width * 4, matching the
         // packed pixel data we captured on the UI thread. Disposing the lock attaches + commits.
         Marshal.Copy(_pixels, 0, locked.Address, _pixels.Length);

src/Linux/Avalonia.LinuxFramebuffer/Output/DrmOutput.cs

@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@ using Avalonia.OpenGL;
 using Avalonia.OpenGL.Egl;
 using Avalonia.OpenGL.Surfaces;
 using Avalonia.Platform;
+using Avalonia.Rendering.Composition;
 using static Avalonia.LinuxFramebuffer.NativeUnsafeMethods;
 using static Avalonia.LinuxFramebuffer.Output.LibDrm;
 
@@ -377,7 +378,7 @@ namespace Avalonia.LinuxFramebuffer.Output
             {
                 //Go through two cycles of buffer swapping (there are render artifacts otherwise)
                 for (var c = 0; c < 2; c++)
-                    using (CreateGlRenderTarget().BeginDraw(new IRenderTarget.RenderTargetSceneInfo(PixelSize, 1)))
+                    using (CreateGlRenderTarget().BeginDraw(new IRenderTarget.RenderTargetSceneInfo(PixelSize, 1, CompositionTransparencyLevel.None)))
                     {
                         _deferredContext.GlInterface.ClearColor(initialBufferSwappingColorR, initialBufferSwappingColorG,
                             initialBufferSwappingColorB, initialBufferSwappingColorA);

src/Skia/Avalonia.Skia/RenderTargetBitmapImpl.cs

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 using Avalonia.Platform.Surfaces;
 using Avalonia.Platform;
+using Avalonia.Rendering.Composition;
 using SkiaSharp;
 
 namespace Avalonia.Skia;
@@ -20,7 +21,7 @@ internal class RenderTargetBitmapImpl : WriteableBitmapImpl,
     public IDrawingContextImpl CreateDrawingContext()
     {
         return _renderTarget.CreateDrawingContext(new IRenderTarget.RenderTargetSceneInfo(
-            PixelSize, Dpi.X / 96.0), out _);
+            PixelSize, Dpi.X / 96.0, CompositionTransparencyLevel.None), out _);
     }
 
 

src/Windows/Avalonia.Win32/DComposition/DirectCompositedWindow.cs

@@ -1,5 +1,4 @@
 using System;
-using System.Numerics;
 using System.Threading;
 using Avalonia.OpenGL.Egl;
 using Avalonia.Reactive;

src/Windows/Avalonia.Win32/DComposition/DirectCompositedWindowSurface.cs

@@ -1,14 +1,17 @@
 using System;
-using System.ComponentModel;
+using System.Diagnostics.CodeAnalysis;
+
 using Avalonia.OpenGL.Egl;
 using Avalonia.Platform;
+using Avalonia.Rendering.Composition;
 using Avalonia.Win32.DirectX;
 using Avalonia.Win32.Interop;
+
 using MicroCom.Runtime;
 
 namespace Avalonia.Win32.DComposition;
 
-internal class DirectCompositedWindowSurface : IDirect3D11TexturePlatformSurface, IDisposable, ICompositionEffectsSurface
+internal class DirectCompositedWindowSurface : IDirect3D11TexturePlatformSurface, IDirect3D11TexturePlatformSurface2, IDisposable, ICompositionEffectsSurface
 {
     private readonly EglGlPlatformSurface.IEglWindowGlPlatformSurfaceInfo _info;
     private readonly DirectCompositionShared _shared;
@@ -21,7 +24,12 @@ internal class DirectCompositedWindowSurface : IDirect3D11TexturePlatformSurface
         _info = info;
     }
 
-    public IDirect3D11TextureRenderTarget CreateRenderTarget(IPlatformGraphicsContext context, IntPtr d3dDevice)
+    IDirect3D11TextureRenderTarget IDirect3D11TexturePlatformSurface.CreateRenderTarget(IPlatformGraphicsContext context, IntPtr d3dDevice)
+    {
+        return (IDirect3D11TextureRenderTarget) CreateRenderTarget(context, d3dDevice);
+    }
+
+    public IDirect3D11TextureRenderTarget2 CreateRenderTarget(IPlatformGraphicsContext context, IntPtr d3dDevice)
     {
         _window ??= new DirectCompositedWindow(_info, _shared);
         SetBlur(_blurEffect);
@@ -45,16 +53,18 @@ internal class DirectCompositedWindowSurface : IDirect3D11TexturePlatformSurface
     }
 }
 
-internal class DirectCompositedWindowRenderTarget : IDirect3D11TextureRenderTarget
+internal class DirectCompositedWindowRenderTarget : IDirect3D11TextureRenderTarget, IDirect3D11TextureRenderTarget2
 {
     private static readonly Guid IID_ID3D11Texture2D = Guid.Parse("6f15aaf2-d208-4e89-9ab4-489535d34f9c");
 
     private readonly IPlatformGraphicsContext _context;
+    private readonly DirectCompositionShared _shared;
     private readonly DirectCompositedWindow _window;
-    private readonly IDCompositionVirtualSurface _surface;
+    private IDCompositionVirtualSurface? _surface;
     private bool _lost;
     private PixelSize _size;
     private readonly IUnknown _d3dDevice;
+    private bool _isSurfaceSupportTransparency;
 
     public DirectCompositedWindowRenderTarget(
         IPlatformGraphicsContext context, IntPtr d3dDevice,
@@ -63,24 +73,44 @@ internal class DirectCompositedWindowRenderTarget : IDirect3D11TextureRenderTarg
         _d3dDevice = MicroComRuntime.CreateProxyFor<IUnknown>(d3dDevice, false).CloneReference();
 
         _context = context;
+        _shared = shared;
         _window = window;
+    }
 
-        using (var surfaceFactory = shared.Device.CreateSurfaceFactory(_d3dDevice))
+    [MemberNotNull(nameof(_surface))]
-        {
+    private void CreateSurface(in IRenderTarget.RenderTargetSceneInfo sceneInfo)
-            _surface = surfaceFactory.CreateVirtualSurface(1, 1, DXGI_FORMAT.DXGI_FORMAT_B8G8R8A8_UNORM,
+    {
-                DXGI_ALPHA_MODE.DXGI_ALPHA_MODE_PREMULTIPLIED);
+        using var surfaceFactory = _shared.Device.CreateSurfaceFactory(_d3dDevice);
-        }
+
+        bool isTransparency = sceneInfo.TransparencyLevel != CompositionTransparencyLevel.None;
+        var surfaceSize = sceneInfo.Size;
+
+        var alphaMode = isTransparency ?
+            DXGI_ALPHA_MODE.DXGI_ALPHA_MODE_PREMULTIPLIED :
+            DXGI_ALPHA_MODE.DXGI_ALPHA_MODE_IGNORE;
+
+        _surface = surfaceFactory.CreateVirtualSurface((uint)surfaceSize.Width, (uint)surfaceSize.Height, DXGI_FORMAT.DXGI_FORMAT_B8G8R8A8_UNORM, alphaMode);
+
+        _isSurfaceSupportTransparency = isTransparency;
+        _size = surfaceSize;
     }
 
     public void Dispose()
     {
-        _surface.Dispose();
+        _surface?.Dispose();
         _d3dDevice.Dispose();
     }
 
     public PlatformRenderTargetState State => _context.IsLost || _lost ? PlatformRenderTargetState.Corrupted : PlatformRenderTargetState.Ready;
-    
+
-    public unsafe IDirect3D11TextureRenderTargetRenderSession BeginDraw()
+    IDirect3D11TextureRenderTargetRenderSession IDirect3D11TextureRenderTarget.BeginDraw()
+    {
+        var fallbackSceneInfo = new IRenderTarget.RenderTargetSceneInfo(_window.WindowInfo.Size,
+            _window.WindowInfo.Scaling, CompositionTransparencyLevel.None);
+        return BeginDraw(fallbackSceneInfo);
+    }
+
+    public unsafe IDirect3D11TextureRenderTargetRenderSession BeginDraw(IRenderTarget.RenderTargetSceneInfo sceneInfo)
     {
         if (State.IsCorrupted)
             throw new RenderTargetCorruptedException();
@@ -88,11 +118,19 @@ internal class DirectCompositedWindowRenderTarget : IDirect3D11TextureRenderTarg
         bool needsEndDraw = false;
         try
         {
-            var size = _window.WindowInfo.Size;
+            bool isTransparency = sceneInfo.TransparencyLevel != CompositionTransparencyLevel.None;
-            var scale = _window.WindowInfo.Scaling;
+            if (_surface is null || isTransparency != _isSurfaceSupportTransparency)
+            {
+                _surface?.Dispose();
+
+                CreateSurface(in sceneInfo);
+            }
+
+            var size = sceneInfo.Size;
+            var scale = sceneInfo.Scaling;
             if (_size != size)
             {
-                _surface.Resize((ushort)size.Width, (ushort)size.Height);
+                _surface.Resize((uint)size.Width, (uint)size.Height);
                 _size = size;
             }
 
@@ -125,7 +163,7 @@ internal class DirectCompositedWindowRenderTarget : IDirect3D11TextureRenderTarg
             if (transaction != null)
             {
                 if (needsEndDraw)
-                    _surface.EndDraw();
+                    _surface?.EndDraw();
                 transaction.Dispose();
             }
         }

src/Windows/Avalonia.Win32/DirectX/IDirect3D11TexturePlatformSurface.cs

@@ -1,4 +1,6 @@
 using System;
+
+using Avalonia.Metadata;
 using Avalonia.OpenGL;
 using Avalonia.OpenGL.Surfaces;
 using Avalonia.Platform;
@@ -11,6 +13,11 @@ public interface IDirect3D11TexturePlatformSurface : IPlatformRenderSurface
     public IDirect3D11TextureRenderTarget CreateRenderTarget(IPlatformGraphicsContext graphicsContext, IntPtr d3dDevice);
 }
 
+[PrivateApi]
+public interface IDirect3D11TexturePlatformSurface2 : IPlatformRenderSurface
+{
+    IDirect3D11TextureRenderTarget2 CreateRenderTarget(IPlatformGraphicsContext graphicsContext, IntPtr d3dDevice);
+}
 
 
 public interface IDirect3D11TextureRenderTarget : IPlatformRenderSurfaceRenderTarget, IDisposable
@@ -18,6 +25,12 @@ public interface IDirect3D11TextureRenderTarget : IPlatformRenderSurfaceRenderTa
     IDirect3D11TextureRenderTargetRenderSession BeginDraw();
 }
 
+[PrivateApi]
+public interface IDirect3D11TextureRenderTarget2 : IPlatformRenderSurfaceRenderTarget, IDisposable
+{
+    IDirect3D11TextureRenderTargetRenderSession BeginDraw(IRenderTarget.RenderTargetSceneInfo sceneInfo);
+}
+
 public interface IDirect3D11TextureRenderTargetRenderSession : IDisposable
 {
     public IntPtr D3D11Texture2D { get; }

src/Windows/Avalonia.Win32/OpenGl/Angle/AngleD3DTextureFeature.cs

@@ -14,16 +14,16 @@ internal class AngleD3DTextureFeature  : IGlPlatformSurfaceRenderTargetFactory
         context is EglContext
         {
             Display: AngleWin32EglDisplay { PlatformApi: AngleOptions.PlatformApi.DirectX11 }
-        } && surface is IDirect3D11TexturePlatformSurface;
+        } && surface is IDirect3D11TexturePlatformSurface2;
 
     private class RenderTargetWrapper : EglPlatformSurfaceRenderTargetBase
     {
         private readonly AngleWin32EglDisplay _angle;
-        private readonly IDirect3D11TextureRenderTarget _target;
+        private readonly IDirect3D11TextureRenderTarget2 _target;
 
         public RenderTargetWrapper(EglContext context,
             AngleWin32EglDisplay angle,
-            IDirect3D11TextureRenderTarget target) : base(context)
+            IDirect3D11TextureRenderTarget2 target) : base(context)
         {
             _angle = angle;
             _target = target;
@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ internal class AngleD3DTextureFeature  : IGlPlatformSurfaceRenderTargetFactory
             {
                 try
                 {
-                    session = _target.BeginDraw();
+                    session = _target.BeginDraw(sceneInfo);
                 }
                 catch (RenderTargetCorruptedException e)
                 {
@@ -91,7 +91,7 @@ internal class AngleD3DTextureFeature  : IGlPlatformSurfaceRenderTargetFactory
     {
         var ctx = (EglContext)context;
         var angle = (AngleWin32EglDisplay)ctx.Display;
-        var textureSurface = (IDirect3D11TexturePlatformSurface)surface;
+        var textureSurface = (IDirect3D11TexturePlatformSurface2)surface;
         try
         {
             var target = textureSurface.CreateRenderTarget(context, angle.GetDirect3DDevice());

src/Windows/Avalonia.Win32/WinRT/Composition/WinUiCompositedWindowSurface.cs

@@ -1,13 +1,15 @@
 using System;
+using System.Diagnostics.CodeAnalysis;
 using Avalonia.OpenGL.Egl;
 using Avalonia.Platform;
+using Avalonia.Rendering.Composition;
 using Avalonia.Win32.DirectX;
 using Avalonia.Win32.Interop;
 using MicroCom.Runtime;
 
 namespace Avalonia.Win32.WinRT.Composition
 {
-    internal class WinUiCompositedWindowSurface : IDirect3D11TexturePlatformSurface, IDisposable, ICompositionEffectsSurface
+    internal class WinUiCompositedWindowSurface : IDirect3D11TexturePlatformSurface, IDirect3D11TexturePlatformSurface2, IDisposable, ICompositionEffectsSurface
     {
         private readonly WinUiCompositionShared _shared;
         private readonly EglGlPlatformSurface.IEglWindowGlPlatformSurfaceInfo _info;
@@ -20,7 +22,12 @@ namespace Avalonia.Win32.WinRT.Composition
             _info = info;
         }
 
-        public IDirect3D11TextureRenderTarget CreateRenderTarget(IPlatformGraphicsContext context, IntPtr d3dDevice)
+        IDirect3D11TextureRenderTarget IDirect3D11TexturePlatformSurface.CreateRenderTarget(IPlatformGraphicsContext context, IntPtr d3dDevice)
+        {
+           return (IDirect3D11TextureRenderTarget) CreateRenderTarget(context, d3dDevice);
+        }
+
+        public IDirect3D11TextureRenderTarget2 CreateRenderTarget(IPlatformGraphicsContext context, IntPtr d3dDevice)
         {
             var cornerRadius = AvaloniaLocator.Current.GetService<Win32PlatformOptions>()
                 ?.WinUICompositionBackdropCornerRadius;
@@ -52,7 +59,7 @@ namespace Avalonia.Win32.WinRT.Composition
         }
     }
 
-    internal class WinUiCompositedWindowRenderTarget : IDirect3D11TextureRenderTarget
+    internal class WinUiCompositedWindowRenderTarget : IDirect3D11TextureRenderTarget, IDirect3D11TextureRenderTarget2
     {
         private static readonly Guid IID_ID3D11Texture2D = Guid.Parse("6f15aaf2-d208-4e89-9ab4-489535d34f9c");
 
@@ -63,11 +70,12 @@ namespace Avalonia.Win32.WinRT.Composition
         private readonly ICompositorInterop _interop;
         private readonly ICompositionGraphicsDevice _compositionDevice;
         private readonly ICompositionGraphicsDevice2 _compositionDevice2;
-        private readonly ICompositionSurface _surface;
+        private ICompositionSurface? _surface;
         private PixelSize _size;
         private bool _lost;
-        private readonly ICompositionDrawingSurfaceInterop _surfaceInterop;
+        private bool _isSurfaceSupportTransparency;
-        private readonly ICompositionDrawingSurface _drawingSurface;
+        private ICompositionDrawingSurfaceInterop? _surfaceInterop;
+        private ICompositionDrawingSurface? _drawingSurface;
 
         public WinUiCompositedWindowRenderTarget(IPlatformGraphicsContext context,
             WinUiCompositedWindow window, IntPtr device,
@@ -83,16 +91,9 @@ namespace Avalonia.Win32.WinRT.Composition
                 _interop = compositor.QueryInterface<ICompositorInterop>();
                 _compositionDevice = _interop.CreateGraphicsDevice(_d3dDevice);
                 _compositionDevice2 = _compositionDevice.QueryInterface<ICompositionGraphicsDevice2>();
-                _drawingSurface = _compositionDevice2.CreateDrawingSurface2(new UnmanagedMethods.SIZE(),
-                    DirectXPixelFormat.B8G8R8A8UIntNormalized, DirectXAlphaMode.Premultiplied);
-                _surface = _drawingSurface.QueryInterface<ICompositionSurface>();
-                _surfaceInterop = _drawingSurface.QueryInterface<ICompositionDrawingSurfaceInterop>();
             }
             catch
             {
-                _surface?.Dispose();
-                _surfaceInterop?.Dispose();
-                _drawingSurface?.Dispose();
                 _compositionDevice2?.Dispose();
                 _compositionDevice?.Dispose();
                 _interop?.Dispose();
@@ -104,9 +105,9 @@ namespace Avalonia.Win32.WinRT.Composition
 
         public void Dispose()
         {
-            _surface.Dispose();
+            _surface?.Dispose();
-            _surfaceInterop.Dispose();
+            _surfaceInterop?.Dispose();
-            _drawingSurface.Dispose();
+            _drawingSurface?.Dispose();
             _compositionDevice2.Dispose();
             _compositionDevice.Dispose();
             _interop.Dispose();
@@ -114,19 +115,61 @@ namespace Avalonia.Win32.WinRT.Composition
             _d3dDevice.Dispose();
         }
 
+        [MemberNotNull(nameof(_drawingSurface), nameof(_surface), nameof(_surfaceInterop))]
+        private void CreateSurface(in IRenderTarget.RenderTargetSceneInfo sceneInfo)
+        {
+            bool isTransparency = sceneInfo.TransparencyLevel != CompositionTransparencyLevel.None;
+            var surfaceSize = sceneInfo.Size;
+
+            // Do not use Premultiplied when the window is not Transparency. Because the Premultiplied AlphaMode will increase the performance loss of DWM. See https://github.com/AvaloniaUI/Avalonia/issues/20643
+            var alphaMode = isTransparency ? DirectXAlphaMode.Premultiplied : DirectXAlphaMode.Ignore;
+            _drawingSurface = _compositionDevice2.CreateDrawingSurface2(new UnmanagedMethods.SIZE()
+                {
+                    X = surfaceSize.Width, 
+                    Y = surfaceSize.Height,
+                },
+                DirectXPixelFormat.B8G8R8A8UIntNormalized, alphaMode);
+            _surface = _drawingSurface.QueryInterface<ICompositionSurface>();
+            _surfaceInterop = _drawingSurface.QueryInterface<ICompositionDrawingSurfaceInterop>();
+
+            _isSurfaceSupportTransparency = isTransparency;
+            _size = surfaceSize;
+        }
+
         public PlatformRenderTargetState State =>
             _context.IsLost || _lost ? PlatformRenderTargetState.Corrupted : PlatformRenderTargetState.Ready;
 
-        public unsafe IDirect3D11TextureRenderTargetRenderSession BeginDraw()
+        IDirect3D11TextureRenderTargetRenderSession IDirect3D11TextureRenderTarget.BeginDraw()
+        {
+            var fallbackSceneInfo = new IRenderTarget.RenderTargetSceneInfo(_window.WindowInfo.Size,
+                _window.WindowInfo.Scaling, CompositionTransparencyLevel.None);
+            return BeginDraw(fallbackSceneInfo);
+        }
+
+        public unsafe IDirect3D11TextureRenderTargetRenderSession BeginDraw(
+            IRenderTarget.RenderTargetSceneInfo sceneInfo)
         {
             if (State.IsCorrupted)
                 throw new RenderTargetCorruptedException();
             var transaction = _window.BeginTransaction();
+
             bool needsEndDraw = false;
             try
             {
-                var size = _window.WindowInfo.Size;
+                bool isTransparency = sceneInfo.TransparencyLevel != CompositionTransparencyLevel.None;
-                var scale = _window.WindowInfo.Scaling;
+               
+                if (_surface is null || _surfaceInterop is null || _drawingSurface is null || _isSurfaceSupportTransparency != isTransparency)
+                {
+                    // Re-create the surface with correct alpha mode if the transparency support is not correct. This can happen when the transparency level is changed.
+                    _surface?.Dispose();
+                    _surfaceInterop?.Dispose();
+                    _drawingSurface?.Dispose();
+
+                    CreateSurface(in sceneInfo);
+                }
+
+                var size = sceneInfo.Size;
+                var scale = sceneInfo.Scaling;
                 _window.ResizeIfNeeded(size);
                 _window.SetSurface(_surface);
                 
@@ -165,7 +208,7 @@ namespace Avalonia.Win32.WinRT.Composition
                 if (transaction != null)
                 {
                     if (needsEndDraw)
-                        _surfaceInterop.EndDraw();
+                        _surfaceInterop?.EndDraw();
                     transaction.Dispose();
                 }
             }

src/Windows/Avalonia.Win32/WindowImpl.cs

@@ -373,6 +373,13 @@ namespace Avalonia.Win32
 
         public void SetTransparencyLevelHint(IReadOnlyList<WindowTransparencyLevel> transparencyLevels)
         {
+            if (transparencyLevels.Count == 1 && transparencyLevels[0] == WindowTransparencyLevel.None)
+            {
+                // Explicitly disable transparency. Ignore the UseRedirectionBitmap property.
+                TransparencyLevel = WindowTransparencyLevel.None;
+                return;
+            }
+
             foreach (var level in transparencyLevels)
             {
                 if (!IsSupported(level))

tests/Avalonia.RenderTests/Media/BitmapTests.cs

@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@ using Avalonia.Media;
 using Avalonia.Media.Imaging;
 using Avalonia.Platform;
 using Avalonia.Platform.Surfaces;
+using Avalonia.Rendering.Composition;
 using Xunit;
 using Path = System.IO.Path;
 
@@ -71,7 +72,7 @@ namespace Avalonia.Skia.RenderTests
             var r = AvaloniaLocator.Current.GetRequiredService<IPlatformRenderInterface>();
             using(var cpuContext = r.CreateBackendContext(null))
             using (var target = cpuContext.CreateRenderTarget(new IPlatformRenderSurface[] { fb }))
-            using (var ctx = target.CreateDrawingContext(new IRenderTarget.RenderTargetSceneInfo(fb.Size, 1), out _))
+            using (var ctx = target.CreateDrawingContext(new IRenderTarget.RenderTargetSceneInfo(fb.Size, 1, CompositionTransparencyLevel.None), out _))
             {
                 ctx.Clear(Colors.Transparent);
                 ctx.PushOpacity(0.8, new Rect(0, 0, 80, 80));