diff --git a/src/ImageSharp/Formats/Gif/MetadataExtensions.cs b/src/ImageSharp/Formats/Gif/MetadataExtensions.cs
index 7280024e2..e20b9dd17 100644
--- a/src/ImageSharp/Formats/Gif/MetadataExtensions.cs
+++ b/src/ImageSharp/Formats/Gif/MetadataExtensions.cs
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 // Copyright (c) Six Labors.
 // Licensed under the Six Labors Split License.
 
+using System.Diagnostics.CodeAnalysis;
 using SixLabors.ImageSharp.Formats.Gif;
 using SixLabors.ImageSharp.Metadata;
 
@@ -37,5 +38,5 @@ public static partial class MetadataExtensions
     /// <returns>
     /// <see langword="true"/> if the gif frame metadata exists; otherwise, <see langword="false"/>.
     /// </returns>
-    public static bool TryGetGifMetadata(this ImageFrameMetadata source, out GifFrameMetadata metadata) => source.TryGetFormatMetadata(GifFormat.Instance, out metadata);
+    public static bool TryGetGifMetadata(this ImageFrameMetadata source, [NotNullWhen(true)] out GifFrameMetadata? metadata) => source.TryGetFormatMetadata(GifFormat.Instance, out metadata);
 }
diff --git a/src/ImageSharp/Metadata/ImageFrameMetadata.cs b/src/ImageSharp/Metadata/ImageFrameMetadata.cs
index 08a3dc74d..03f628afa 100644
--- a/src/ImageSharp/Metadata/ImageFrameMetadata.cs
+++ b/src/ImageSharp/Metadata/ImageFrameMetadata.cs
@@ -1,6 +1,5 @@
 // Copyright (c) Six Labors.
 // Licensed under the Six Labors Split License.
-#nullable disable
 
 using SixLabors.ImageSharp.Formats;
 using SixLabors.ImageSharp.Metadata.Profiles.Exif;
@@ -49,22 +48,22 @@ public sealed class ImageFrameMetadata : IDeepCloneable<ImageFrameMetadata>
     /// <summary>
     /// Gets or sets the Exif profile.
     /// </summary>
-    public ExifProfile ExifProfile { get; set; }
+    public ExifProfile? ExifProfile { get; set; }
 
     /// <summary>
     /// Gets or sets the XMP profile.
     /// </summary>
-    public XmpProfile XmpProfile { get; set; }
+    public XmpProfile? XmpProfile { get; set; }
 
     /// <summary>
     /// Gets or sets the ICC profile.
     /// </summary>
-    public IccProfile IccProfile { get; set; }
+    public IccProfile? IccProfile { get; set; }
 
     /// <summary>
     /// Gets or sets the iptc profile.
     /// </summary>
-    public IptcProfile IptcProfile { get; set; }
+    public IptcProfile? IptcProfile { get; set; }
 
     /// <inheritdoc/>
     public ImageFrameMetadata DeepClone() => new(this);
@@ -83,7 +82,7 @@ public sealed class ImageFrameMetadata : IDeepCloneable<ImageFrameMetadata>
         where TFormatMetadata : class
         where TFormatFrameMetadata : class, IDeepCloneable
     {
-        if (this.formatMetadata.TryGetValue(key, out IDeepCloneable meta))
+        if (this.formatMetadata.TryGetValue(key, out IDeepCloneable? meta))
         {
             return (TFormatFrameMetadata)meta;
         }
@@ -107,11 +106,11 @@ public sealed class ImageFrameMetadata : IDeepCloneable<ImageFrameMetadata>
     /// <returns>
     /// <see langword="true"/> if the frame metadata exists for the specified key; otherwise, <see langword="false"/>.
     /// </returns>
-    public bool TryGetFormatMetadata<TFormatMetadata, TFormatFrameMetadata>(IImageFormat<TFormatMetadata, TFormatFrameMetadata> key, out TFormatFrameMetadata metadata)
+    public bool TryGetFormatMetadata<TFormatMetadata, TFormatFrameMetadata>(IImageFormat<TFormatMetadata, TFormatFrameMetadata> key, out TFormatFrameMetadata? metadata)
         where TFormatMetadata : class
         where TFormatFrameMetadata : class, IDeepCloneable
     {
-        if (this.formatMetadata.TryGetValue(key, out IDeepCloneable meta))
+        if (this.formatMetadata.TryGetValue(key, out IDeepCloneable? meta))
         {
             metadata = (TFormatFrameMetadata)meta;
             return true;
diff --git a/src/ImageSharp/Metadata/Profiles/IPTC/IptcProfile.cs b/src/ImageSharp/Metadata/Profiles/IPTC/IptcProfile.cs
index 1aff9cc5d..162fae96b 100644
--- a/src/ImageSharp/Metadata/Profiles/IPTC/IptcProfile.cs
+++ b/src/ImageSharp/Metadata/Profiles/IPTC/IptcProfile.cs
@@ -1,9 +1,9 @@
 // Copyright (c) Six Labors.
 // Licensed under the Six Labors Split License.
-#nullable disable
 
 using System.Buffers.Binary;
 using System.Collections.ObjectModel;
+using System.Diagnostics.CodeAnalysis;
 using System.Globalization;
 using System.Text;
 using SixLabors.ImageSharp.Metadata.Profiles.IPTC;
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ namespace SixLabors.ImageSharp.Metadata.Profiles.Iptc;
 /// </summary>
 public sealed class IptcProfile : IDeepCloneable<IptcProfile>
 {
-    private Collection<IptcValue> values;
+    private readonly Collection<IptcValue> values = new();
 
     private const byte IptcTagMarkerByte = 0x1c;
 
@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ public sealed class IptcProfile : IDeepCloneable<IptcProfile>
     /// Initializes a new instance of the <see cref="IptcProfile"/> class.
     /// </summary>
     public IptcProfile()
-        : this((byte[])null)
+        : this((byte[]?)null)
     {
     }
 
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ public sealed class IptcProfile : IDeepCloneable<IptcProfile>
     /// Initializes a new instance of the <see cref="IptcProfile"/> class.
     /// </summary>
     /// <param name="data">The byte array to read the iptc profile from.</param>
-    public IptcProfile(byte[] data)
+    public IptcProfile(byte[]? data)
     {
         this.Data = data;
         this.Initialize();
@@ -53,14 +53,9 @@ public sealed class IptcProfile : IDeepCloneable<IptcProfile>
     {
         Guard.NotNull(other, nameof(other));
 
-        if (other.values != null)
+        foreach (IptcValue value in other.Values)
         {
-            this.values = new Collection<IptcValue>();
-
-            foreach (IptcValue value in other.Values)
-            {
-                this.values.Add(value.DeepClone());
-            }
+            this.values.Add(value.DeepClone());
         }
 
         if (other.Data != null)
@@ -78,19 +73,12 @@ public sealed class IptcProfile : IDeepCloneable<IptcProfile>
     /// <summary>
     /// Gets the byte data of the IPTC profile.
     /// </summary>
-    public byte[] Data { get; private set; }
+    public byte[]? Data { get; private set; }
 
     /// <summary>
     /// Gets the values of this iptc profile.
     /// </summary>
-    public IEnumerable<IptcValue> Values
-    {
-        get
-        {
-            this.Initialize();
-            return this.values;
-        }
-    }
+    public IEnumerable<IptcValue> Values => this.values;
 
     /// <inheritdoc/>
     public IptcProfile DeepClone() => new(this);
@@ -121,8 +109,6 @@ public sealed class IptcProfile : IDeepCloneable<IptcProfile>
     /// <returns>True when the value was found and removed.</returns>
     public bool RemoveValue(IptcTag tag)
     {
-        this.Initialize();
-
         bool removed = false;
         for (int i = this.values.Count - 1; i >= 0; i--)
         {
@@ -144,8 +130,6 @@ public sealed class IptcProfile : IDeepCloneable<IptcProfile>
     /// <returns>True when the value was found and removed.</returns>
     public bool RemoveValue(IptcTag tag, string value)
     {
-        this.Initialize();
-
         bool removed = false;
         for (int i = this.values.Count - 1; i >= 0; i--)
         {
@@ -312,13 +296,6 @@ public sealed class IptcProfile : IDeepCloneable<IptcProfile>
 
     private void Initialize()
     {
-        if (this.values != null)
-        {
-            return;
-        }
-
-        this.values = new Collection<IptcValue>();
-
         if (this.Data == null || this.Data[0] != IptcTagMarkerByte)
         {
             return;
diff --git a/src/ImageSharp/Metadata/Profiles/IPTC/IptcValue.cs b/src/ImageSharp/Metadata/Profiles/IPTC/IptcValue.cs
index d39697e89..1a75ecba2 100644
--- a/src/ImageSharp/Metadata/Profiles/IPTC/IptcValue.cs
+++ b/src/ImageSharp/Metadata/Profiles/IPTC/IptcValue.cs
@@ -1,6 +1,5 @@
 // Copyright (c) Six Labors.
 // Licensed under the Six Labors Split License.
-#nullable disable
 
 using System.Text;
 
@@ -22,10 +21,7 @@ public sealed class IptcValue : IDeepCloneable<IptcValue>
             other.data.AsSpan().CopyTo(this.data);
         }
 
-        if (other.Encoding != null)
-        {
-            this.Encoding = (Encoding)other.Encoding.Clone();
-        }
+        this.encoding = (Encoding)other.Encoding.Clone();
 
         this.Tag = other.Tag;
         this.Strict = other.Strict;
@@ -133,7 +129,7 @@ public sealed class IptcValue : IDeepCloneable<IptcValue>
     /// </summary>
     /// <param name="obj">The object to compare this <see cref="IptcValue"/> with.</param>
     /// <returns>True when the specified object is equal to the current <see cref="IptcValue"/>.</returns>
-    public override bool Equals(object obj)
+    public override bool Equals(object? obj)
     {
         if (ReferenceEquals(this, obj))
         {
@@ -148,7 +144,7 @@ public sealed class IptcValue : IDeepCloneable<IptcValue>
     /// </summary>
     /// <param name="other">The iptc value to compare this <see cref="IptcValue"/> with.</param>
     /// <returns>True when the specified iptc value is equal to the current <see cref="IptcValue"/>.</returns>
-    public bool Equals(IptcValue other)
+    public bool Equals(IptcValue? other)
     {
         if (other is null)
         {
diff --git a/src/ImageSharp/Metadata/Profiles/XMP/XmpProfile.cs b/src/ImageSharp/Metadata/Profiles/XMP/XmpProfile.cs
index 5e9024cf0..77ff35df0 100644
--- a/src/ImageSharp/Metadata/Profiles/XMP/XmpProfile.cs
+++ b/src/ImageSharp/Metadata/Profiles/XMP/XmpProfile.cs
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 // Copyright (c) Six Labors.
 // Licensed under the Six Labors Split License.
-#nullable disable
 
+using System.Diagnostics;
 using System.Text;
 using System.Xml.Linq;
 
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ public sealed class XmpProfile : IDeepCloneable<XmpProfile>
     /// Initializes a new instance of the <see cref="XmpProfile"/> class.
     /// </summary>
     public XmpProfile()
-        : this((byte[])null)
+        : this((byte[]?)null)
     {
     }
 
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ public sealed class XmpProfile : IDeepCloneable<XmpProfile>
     /// Initializes a new instance of the <see cref="XmpProfile"/> class.
     /// </summary>
     /// <param name="data">The UTF8 encoded byte array to read the XMP profile from.</param>
-    public XmpProfile(byte[] data) => this.Data = data;
+    public XmpProfile(byte[]? data) => this.Data = data;
 
     /// <summary>
     /// Initializes a new instance of the <see cref="XmpProfile"/> class
@@ -42,15 +42,15 @@ public sealed class XmpProfile : IDeepCloneable<XmpProfile>
     /// <summary>
     /// Gets the XMP raw data byte array.
     /// </summary>
-    internal byte[] Data { get; private set; }
+    internal byte[]? Data { get; private set; }
 
     /// <summary>
     /// Gets the raw XML document containing the XMP profile.
     /// </summary>
     /// <returns>The <see cref="XDocument"/></returns>
-    public XDocument GetDocument()
+    public XDocument? GetDocument()
     {
-        byte[] byteArray = this.Data;
+        byte[]? byteArray = this.Data;
         if (byteArray is null)
         {
             return null;
@@ -77,6 +77,7 @@ public sealed class XmpProfile : IDeepCloneable<XmpProfile>
     /// <returns>The <see cref="T:Byte[]"/></returns>
     public byte[] ToByteArray()
     {
+        Guard.NotNull(this.Data);
         byte[] result = new byte[this.Data.Length];
         this.Data.AsSpan().CopyTo(result);
         return result;