Add dedup to webp

src/ImageSharp/Formats/Webp/AlphaEncoder.cs

@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ internal static class AlphaEncoder
     /// <param name="size">The size in bytes of the alpha data.</param>
     /// <returns>The encoded alpha data.</returns>
     public static IMemoryOwner<byte> EncodeAlpha<TPixel>(
-        ImageFrame<TPixel> frame,
+        Buffer2DRegion<TPixel> frame,
         Configuration configuration,
         MemoryAllocator memoryAllocator,
         bool skipMetadata,
@@ -35,8 +35,6 @@ internal static class AlphaEncoder
         out int size)
         where TPixel : unmanaged, IPixel<TPixel>
     {
-        int width = frame.Width;
-        int height = frame.Height;
         IMemoryOwner<byte> alphaData = ExtractAlphaChannel(frame, configuration, memoryAllocator);
 
         if (compress)
@@ -46,8 +44,8 @@ internal static class AlphaEncoder
             using Vp8LEncoder lossLessEncoder = new(
                 memoryAllocator,
                 configuration,
-                width,
-                height,
+                frame.Width,
+                frame.Height,
                 quality,
                 skipMetadata,
                 effort,
@@ -58,14 +56,14 @@ internal static class AlphaEncoder
             // The transparency information will be stored in the green channel of the ARGB quadruplet.
             // The green channel is allowed extra transformation steps in the specification -- unlike the other channels,
             // that can improve compression.
-            using ImageFrame<Rgba32> alphaAsFrame = DispatchAlphaToGreen(frame, alphaData.GetSpan());
+            using ImageFrame<Bgra32> alphaAsFrame = DispatchAlphaToGreen(configuration, frame, alphaData.GetSpan());
 
-            size = lossLessEncoder.EncodeAlphaImageData(alphaAsFrame, alphaData);
+            size = lossLessEncoder.EncodeAlphaImageData(alphaAsFrame.PixelBuffer.GetRegion(), alphaData);
 
             return alphaData;
         }
 
-        size = width * height;
+        size = frame.Width * frame.Height;
         return alphaData;
     }
 
@@ -73,25 +71,28 @@ internal static class AlphaEncoder
     /// Store the transparency in the green channel.
     /// </summary>
     /// <typeparam name="TPixel">The pixel format.</typeparam>
-    /// <param name="frame">The <see cref="ImageFrame{TPixel}"/> to encode from.</param>
+    /// <param name="configuration">The configuration.</param>
+    /// <param name="frame">The pixel buffer to encode from.</param>
     /// <param name="alphaData">A byte sequence of length width * height, containing all the 8-bit transparency values in scan order.</param>
     /// <returns>The transparency frame.</returns>
-    private static ImageFrame<Rgba32> DispatchAlphaToGreen<TPixel>(ImageFrame<TPixel> frame, Span<byte> alphaData)
+    private static ImageFrame<Bgra32> DispatchAlphaToGreen<TPixel>(Configuration configuration, Buffer2DRegion<TPixel> frame, Span<byte> alphaData)
         where TPixel : unmanaged, IPixel<TPixel>
     {
         int width = frame.Width;
         int height = frame.Height;
-        ImageFrame<Rgba32> alphaAsFrame = new ImageFrame<Rgba32>(Configuration.Default, width, height);
+        ImageFrame<Bgra32> alphaAsFrame = new(configuration, width, height);
 
         for (int y = 0; y < height; y++)
         {
-            Memory<Rgba32> rowBuffer = alphaAsFrame.DangerousGetPixelRowMemory(y);
-            Span<Rgba32> pixelRow = rowBuffer.Span;
+            Memory<Bgra32> rowBuffer = alphaAsFrame.DangerousGetPixelRowMemory(y);
+            Span<Bgra32> pixelRow = rowBuffer.Span;
             Span<byte> alphaRow = alphaData.Slice(y * width, width);
+
+            // TODO: This can be probably simd optimized.
             for (int x = 0; x < width; x++)
             {
                 // Leave A/R/B channels zero'd.
-                pixelRow[x] = new Rgba32(0, alphaRow[x], 0, 0);
+                pixelRow[x] = new Bgra32(0, alphaRow[x], 0, 0);
             }
         }
 
@@ -106,12 +107,12 @@ internal static class AlphaEncoder
     /// <param name="configuration">The global configuration.</param>
     /// <param name="memoryAllocator">The memory manager.</param>
     /// <returns>A byte sequence of length width * height, containing all the 8-bit transparency values in scan order.</returns>
-    private static IMemoryOwner<byte> ExtractAlphaChannel<TPixel>(ImageFrame<TPixel> frame, Configuration configuration, MemoryAllocator memoryAllocator)
+    private static IMemoryOwner<byte> ExtractAlphaChannel<TPixel>(Buffer2DRegion<TPixel> frame, Configuration configuration, MemoryAllocator memoryAllocator)
         where TPixel : unmanaged, IPixel<TPixel>
     {
-        Buffer2D<TPixel> imageBuffer = frame.PixelBuffer;
-        int height = frame.Height;
         int width = frame.Width;
+        int height = frame.Height;
+
         IMemoryOwner<byte> alphaDataBuffer = memoryAllocator.Allocate<byte>(width * height);
         Span<byte> alphaData = alphaDataBuffer.GetSpan();
 
@@ -120,7 +121,7 @@ internal static class AlphaEncoder
 
         for (int y = 0; y < height; y++)
         {
-            Span<TPixel> rowSpan = imageBuffer.DangerousGetRowSpan(y);
+            Span<TPixel> rowSpan = frame.DangerousGetRowSpan(y);
             PixelOperations<TPixel>.Instance.ToRgba32(configuration, rowSpan, rgbaRow);
             int offset = y * width;
             for (int x = 0; x < width; x++)

src/ImageSharp/Formats/Webp/BitWriter/BitWriterBase.cs

@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
 // Copyright (c) Six Labors.
 // Licensed under the Six Labors Split License.
 
-using System.Diagnostics;
 using SixLabors.ImageSharp.Common.Helpers;
 using SixLabors.ImageSharp.Formats.Webp.Chunks;
 using SixLabors.ImageSharp.Metadata.Profiles.Exif;
@@ -100,9 +99,7 @@ internal abstract class BitWriterBase
         bool hasAnimation)
     {
         // Write file size later
-        long pos = RiffHelper.BeginWriteRiffFile(stream, WebpConstants.WebpFourCc);
-
-        Debug.Assert(pos is 4, "Stream should be written from position 0.");
+        RiffHelper.BeginWriteRiffFile(stream, WebpConstants.WebpFourCc);
 
         // Write VP8X, header if necessary.
         bool isVp8X = exifProfile != null || xmpProfile != null || iccProfile != null || hasAlpha || hasAnimation;

src/ImageSharp/Formats/Webp/Chunks/WebpFrameData.cs

@@ -83,7 +83,7 @@ internal readonly struct WebpFrameData
     /// </summary>
     public WebpDisposalMethod DisposalMethod { get; }
 
-    public Rectangle Bounds => new((int)this.X * 2, (int)this.Y * 2, (int)this.Width, (int)this.Height);
+    public Rectangle Bounds => new((int)this.X, (int)this.Y, (int)this.Width, (int)this.Height);
 
     /// <summary>
     /// Writes the animation frame(<see cref="WebpChunkType.FrameData"/>) to the stream.
@@ -107,8 +107,8 @@ internal readonly struct WebpFrameData
 
         long pos = RiffHelper.BeginWriteChunk(stream, (uint)WebpChunkType.FrameData);
 
-        WebpChunkParsingUtils.WriteUInt24LittleEndian(stream, this.X);
-        WebpChunkParsingUtils.WriteUInt24LittleEndian(stream, this.Y);
+        WebpChunkParsingUtils.WriteUInt24LittleEndian(stream, this.X / 2);
+        WebpChunkParsingUtils.WriteUInt24LittleEndian(stream, this.Y / 2);
         WebpChunkParsingUtils.WriteUInt24LittleEndian(stream, this.Width - 1);
         WebpChunkParsingUtils.WriteUInt24LittleEndian(stream, this.Height - 1);
         WebpChunkParsingUtils.WriteUInt24LittleEndian(stream, this.Duration);
@@ -128,8 +128,8 @@ internal readonly struct WebpFrameData
 
         WebpFrameData data = new(
             dataSize: WebpChunkParsingUtils.ReadChunkSize(stream, buffer),
-            x: WebpChunkParsingUtils.ReadUInt24LittleEndian(stream, buffer),
-            y: WebpChunkParsingUtils.ReadUInt24LittleEndian(stream, buffer),
+            x: WebpChunkParsingUtils.ReadUInt24LittleEndian(stream, buffer) * 2,
+            y: WebpChunkParsingUtils.ReadUInt24LittleEndian(stream, buffer) * 2,
             width: WebpChunkParsingUtils.ReadUInt24LittleEndian(stream, buffer) + 1,
             height: WebpChunkParsingUtils.ReadUInt24LittleEndian(stream, buffer) + 1,
             duration: WebpChunkParsingUtils.ReadUInt24LittleEndian(stream, buffer),

src/ImageSharp/Formats/Webp/Lossless/Vp8LEncoder.cs

@@ -240,7 +240,7 @@ internal class Vp8LEncoder : IDisposable
     public void EncodeHeader<TPixel>(Image<TPixel> image, Stream stream, bool hasAnimation)
         where TPixel : unmanaged, IPixel<TPixel>
     {
-        // Write bytes from the bitwriter buffer to the stream.
+        // Write bytes from the bit-writer buffer to the stream.
         ImageMetadata metadata = image.Metadata;
         metadata.SyncProfiles();
 
@@ -267,7 +267,7 @@ internal class Vp8LEncoder : IDisposable
     public void EncodeFooter<TPixel>(Image<TPixel> image, Stream stream)
         where TPixel : unmanaged, IPixel<TPixel>
     {
-        // Write bytes from the bitwriter buffer to the stream.
+        // Write bytes from the bit-writer buffer to the stream.
         ImageMetadata metadata = image.Metadata;
 
         ExifProfile exifProfile = this.skipMetadata ? null : metadata.ExifProfile;
@@ -280,26 +280,25 @@ internal class Vp8LEncoder : IDisposable
     /// Encodes the image as lossless webp to the specified stream.
     /// </summary>
     /// <typeparam name="TPixel">The pixel format.</typeparam>
-    /// <param name="frame">The <see cref="ImageFrame{TPixel}"/> to encode from.</param>
+    /// <param name="frame">The image frame to encode from.</param>
+    /// <param name="bounds">The region of interest within the frame to encode.</param>
+    /// <param name="frameMetadata">The frame metadata.</param>
     /// <param name="stream">The <see cref="Stream"/> to encode the image data to.</param>
     /// <param name="hasAnimation">Flag indicating, if an animation parameter is present.</param>
-    public void Encode<TPixel>(ImageFrame<TPixel> frame, Stream stream, bool hasAnimation)
+    public void Encode<TPixel>(ImageFrame<TPixel> frame, Rectangle bounds, WebpFrameMetadata frameMetadata, Stream stream, bool hasAnimation)
         where TPixel : unmanaged, IPixel<TPixel>
     {
-        int width = frame.Width;
-        int height = frame.Height;
-
         // Convert image pixels to bgra array.
-        bool hasAlpha = this.ConvertPixelsToBgra(frame, width, height);
+        bool hasAlpha = this.ConvertPixelsToBgra(frame.PixelBuffer.GetRegion(bounds));
 
         // Write the image size.
-        this.WriteImageSize(width, height);
+        this.WriteImageSize(bounds.Width, bounds.Height);
 
         // Write the non-trivial Alpha flag and lossless version.
         this.WriteAlphaAndVersion(hasAlpha);
 
         // Encode the main image stream.
-        this.EncodeStream(frame);
+        this.EncodeStream(bounds.Width, bounds.Height);
 
         this.bitWriter.Finish();
 
@@ -307,21 +306,18 @@ internal class Vp8LEncoder : IDisposable
 
         if (hasAnimation)
         {
-            WebpFrameMetadata frameMetadata = WebpCommonUtils.GetWebpFrameMetadata(frame);
-
-            // TODO: If we can clip the indexed frame for transparent bounds we can set properties here.
             prevPosition = new WebpFrameData(
-                    0,
-                    0,
-                    (uint)frame.Width,
-                    (uint)frame.Height,
+                    (uint)bounds.Left,
+                    (uint)bounds.Top,
+                    (uint)bounds.Width,
+                    (uint)bounds.Height,
                     frameMetadata.FrameDelay,
                     frameMetadata.BlendMethod,
                     frameMetadata.DisposalMethod)
                 .WriteHeaderTo(stream);
         }
 
-        // Write bytes from the bitwriter buffer to the stream.
+        // Write bytes from the bit-writer buffer to the stream.
         this.bitWriter.WriteEncodedImageToStream(stream);
 
         if (hasAnimation)
@@ -334,12 +330,12 @@ internal class Vp8LEncoder : IDisposable
     /// Encodes the alpha image data using the webp lossless compression.
     /// </summary>
     /// <typeparam name="TPixel">The type of the pixel.</typeparam>
-    /// <param name="frame">The <see cref="ImageFrame{TPixel}"/> to encode from.</param>
+    /// <param name="frame">The alpha-pixel data to encode from.</param>
     /// <param name="alphaData">The destination buffer to write the encoded alpha data to.</param>
     /// <returns>The size of the compressed data in bytes.
     /// If the size of the data is the same as the pixel count, the compression would not yield in smaller data and is left uncompressed.
     /// </returns>
-    public int EncodeAlphaImageData<TPixel>(ImageFrame<TPixel> frame, IMemoryOwner<byte> alphaData)
+    public int EncodeAlphaImageData<TPixel>(Buffer2DRegion<TPixel> frame, IMemoryOwner<byte> alphaData)
         where TPixel : unmanaged, IPixel<TPixel>
     {
         int width = frame.Width;
@@ -347,10 +343,10 @@ internal class Vp8LEncoder : IDisposable
         int pixelCount = width * height;
 
         // Convert image pixels to bgra array.
-        this.ConvertPixelsToBgra(frame, width, height);
+        this.ConvertPixelsToBgra(frame);
 
         // The image-stream will NOT contain any headers describing the image dimension, the dimension is already known.
-        this.EncodeStream(frame);
+        this.EncodeStream(width, height);
         this.bitWriter.Finish();
         int size = this.bitWriter.NumBytes;
         if (size >= pixelCount)
@@ -364,7 +360,7 @@ internal class Vp8LEncoder : IDisposable
     }
 
     /// <summary>
-    /// Writes the image size to the bitwriter buffer.
+    /// Writes the image size to the bit writer buffer.
     /// </summary>
     /// <param name="inputImgWidth">The input image width.</param>
     /// <param name="inputImgHeight">The input image height.</param>
@@ -381,7 +377,7 @@ internal class Vp8LEncoder : IDisposable
     }
 
     /// <summary>
-    /// Writes a flag indicating if alpha channel is used and the VP8L version to the bitwriter buffer.
+    /// Writes a flag indicating if alpha channel is used and the VP8L version to the bit-writer buffer.
     /// </summary>
     /// <param name="hasAlpha">Indicates if a alpha channel is present.</param>
     private void WriteAlphaAndVersion(bool hasAlpha)
@@ -393,14 +389,10 @@ internal class Vp8LEncoder : IDisposable
     /// <summary>
     /// Encodes the image stream using lossless webp format.
     /// </summary>
-    /// <typeparam name="TPixel">The pixel type.</typeparam>
-    /// <param name="frame">The frame to encode.</param>
-    private void EncodeStream<TPixel>(ImageFrame<TPixel> frame)
-        where TPixel : unmanaged, IPixel<TPixel>
+    /// <param name="width">The image frame width.</param>
+    /// <param name="height">The image frame height.</param>
+    private void EncodeStream(int width, int height)
     {
-        int width = frame.Width;
-        int height = frame.Height;
-
         Span<uint> bgra = this.Bgra.GetSpan();
         Span<uint> encodedData = this.EncodedData.GetSpan();
         bool lowEffort = this.method == 0;
@@ -508,23 +500,20 @@ internal class Vp8LEncoder : IDisposable
     /// Converts the pixels of the image to bgra.
     /// </summary>
     /// <typeparam name="TPixel">The type of the pixels.</typeparam>
-    /// <param name="frame">The frame to convert.</param>
-    /// <param name="width">The width of the image.</param>
-    /// <param name="height">The height of the image.</param>
+    /// <param name="pixels">The frame pixel buffer to convert.</param>
     /// <returns>true, if the image is non opaque.</returns>
-    private bool ConvertPixelsToBgra<TPixel>(ImageFrame<TPixel> frame, int width, int height)
+    private bool ConvertPixelsToBgra<TPixel>(Buffer2DRegion<TPixel> pixels)
         where TPixel : unmanaged, IPixel<TPixel>
     {
-        Buffer2D<TPixel> imageBuffer = frame.PixelBuffer;
         bool nonOpaque = false;
         Span<uint> bgra = this.Bgra.GetSpan();
         Span<byte> bgraBytes = MemoryMarshal.Cast<uint, byte>(bgra);
-        int widthBytes = width * 4;
-        for (int y = 0; y < height; y++)
+        int widthBytes = pixels.Width * 4;
+        for (int y = 0; y < pixels.Height; y++)
         {
-            Span<TPixel> rowSpan = imageBuffer.DangerousGetRowSpan(y);
+            Span<TPixel> rowSpan = pixels.DangerousGetRowSpan(y);
             Span<byte> rowBytes = bgraBytes.Slice(y * widthBytes, widthBytes);
-            PixelOperations<TPixel>.Instance.ToBgra32Bytes(this.configuration, rowSpan, rowBytes, width);
+            PixelOperations<TPixel>.Instance.ToBgra32Bytes(this.configuration, rowSpan, rowBytes, pixels.Width);
             if (!nonOpaque)
             {
                 Span<Bgra32> rowBgra = MemoryMarshal.Cast<byte, Bgra32>(rowBytes);

src/ImageSharp/Formats/Webp/Lossy/Vp8Encoder.cs

@@ -351,44 +351,53 @@ internal class Vp8Encoder : IDisposable
     }
 
     /// <summary>
-    /// Encodes the image to the specified stream from the <see cref="Image{TPixel}"/>.
+    /// Encodes the animated image frame to the specified stream.
     /// </summary>
     /// <typeparam name="TPixel">The pixel format.</typeparam>
-    /// <param name="frame">The <see cref="ImageFrame{TPixel}"/> to encode from.</param>
-    /// <param name="stream">The <see cref="Stream"/> to encode the image data to.</param>
-    public void EncodeAnimation<TPixel>(ImageFrame<TPixel> frame, Stream stream)
+    /// <param name="frame">The image frame to encode from.</param>
+    /// <param name="stream">The stream to encode the image data to.</param>
+    /// <param name="bounds">The region of interest within the frame to encode.</param>
+    /// <param name="frameMetadata">The frame metadata.</param>
+    public void EncodeAnimation<TPixel>(ImageFrame<TPixel> frame, Stream stream, Rectangle bounds, WebpFrameMetadata frameMetadata)
         where TPixel : unmanaged, IPixel<TPixel> =>
-        this.Encode(frame, stream, true, null);
+        this.Encode(stream, frame, bounds, frameMetadata, true, null);
 
     /// <summary>
-    /// Encodes the image to the specified stream from the <see cref="Image{TPixel}"/>.
+    /// Encodes the static image frame to the specified stream.
     /// </summary>
     /// <typeparam name="TPixel">The pixel format.</typeparam>
-    /// <param name="image">The <see cref="Image{TPixel}"/> to encode from.</param>
-    /// <param name="stream">The <see cref="Stream"/> to encode the image data to.</param>
-    public void EncodeStatic<TPixel>(Image<TPixel> image, Stream stream)
-        where TPixel : unmanaged, IPixel<TPixel> =>
-        this.Encode(image.Frames.RootFrame, stream, false, image);
+    /// <param name="stream">The stream to encode the image data to.</param>
+    /// <param name="image">The image to encode from.</param>
+    public void EncodeStatic<TPixel>(Stream stream, Image<TPixel> image)
+        where TPixel : unmanaged, IPixel<TPixel>
+    {
+        ImageFrame<TPixel> frame = image.Frames.RootFrame;
+        this.Encode(stream, frame, image.Bounds, WebpCommonUtils.GetWebpFrameMetadata(frame), false, image);
+    }
 
     /// <summary>
-    /// Encodes the image to the specified stream from the <see cref="Image{TPixel}"/>.
+    /// Encodes the image to the specified stream.
     /// </summary>
     /// <typeparam name="TPixel">The pixel format.</typeparam>
-    /// <param name="frame">The <see cref="ImageFrame{TPixel}"/> to encode from.</param>
-    /// <param name="stream">The <see cref="Stream"/> to encode the image data to.</param>
+    /// <param name="stream">The stream to encode the image data to.</param>
+    /// <param name="frame">The image frame to encode from.</param>
+    /// <param name="bounds">The region of interest within the frame to encode.</param>
+    /// <param name="frameMetadata">The frame metadata.</param>
     /// <param name="hasAnimation">Flag indicating, if an animation parameter is present.</param>
-    /// <param name="image">The <see cref="Image{TPixel}"/> to encode from.</param>
-    private void Encode<TPixel>(ImageFrame<TPixel> frame, Stream stream, bool hasAnimation, Image<TPixel> image)
+    /// <param name="image">The image to encode from.</param>
+    private void Encode<TPixel>(Stream stream, ImageFrame<TPixel> frame, Rectangle bounds, WebpFrameMetadata frameMetadata, bool hasAnimation, Image<TPixel> image)
         where TPixel : unmanaged, IPixel<TPixel>
     {
-        int width = frame.Width;
-        int height = frame.Height;
+        int width = bounds.Width;
+        int height = bounds.Height;
 
         int pixelCount = width * height;
         Span<byte> y = this.Y.GetSpan();
         Span<byte> u = this.U.GetSpan();
         Span<byte> v = this.V.GetSpan();
-        bool hasAlpha = YuvConversion.ConvertRgbToYuv(frame, this.configuration, this.memoryAllocator, y, u, v);
+
+        Buffer2DRegion<TPixel> pixels = frame.PixelBuffer.GetRegion(bounds);
+        bool hasAlpha = YuvConversion.ConvertRgbToYuv(pixels, this.configuration, this.memoryAllocator, y, u, v);
 
         if (!hasAnimation)
         {
@@ -456,7 +465,7 @@ internal class Vp8Encoder : IDisposable
             {
                 // TODO: This can potentially run in an separate task.
                 encodedAlphaData = AlphaEncoder.EncodeAlpha(
-                    frame,
+                    pixels,
                     this.configuration,
                     this.memoryAllocator,
                     this.skipMetadata,
@@ -477,14 +486,11 @@ internal class Vp8Encoder : IDisposable
 
             if (hasAnimation)
             {
-                WebpFrameMetadata frameMetadata = WebpCommonUtils.GetWebpFrameMetadata(frame);
-
-                // TODO: If we can clip the indexed frame for transparent bounds we can set properties here.
                 prevPosition = new WebpFrameData(
-                    0,
-                    0,
-                    (uint)frame.Width,
-                    (uint)frame.Height,
+                    (uint)bounds.X,
+                    (uint)bounds.Y,
+                    (uint)bounds.Width,
+                    (uint)bounds.Height,
                     frameMetadata.FrameDelay,
                     frameMetadata.BlendMethod,
                     frameMetadata.DisposalMethod)

src/ImageSharp/Formats/Webp/Lossy/YuvConversion.cs

@@ -259,7 +259,7 @@ internal static class YuvConversion
     }
 
     /// <summary>
-    /// Converts the RGB values of the image to YUV.
+    /// Converts the pixel values of the image to YUV.
     /// </summary>
     /// <typeparam name="TPixel">The pixel type of the image.</typeparam>
     /// <param name="frame">The frame to convert.</param>
@@ -269,12 +269,11 @@ internal static class YuvConversion
     /// <param name="u">Span to store the u component of the image.</param>
     /// <param name="v">Span to store the v component of the image.</param>
     /// <returns>true, if the image contains alpha data.</returns>
-    public static bool ConvertRgbToYuv<TPixel>(ImageFrame<TPixel> frame, Configuration configuration, MemoryAllocator memoryAllocator, Span<byte> y, Span<byte> u, Span<byte> v)
+    public static bool ConvertRgbToYuv<TPixel>(Buffer2DRegion<TPixel> frame, Configuration configuration, MemoryAllocator memoryAllocator, Span<byte> y, Span<byte> u, Span<byte> v)
         where TPixel : unmanaged, IPixel<TPixel>
     {
-        Buffer2D<TPixel> imageBuffer = frame.PixelBuffer;
-        int width = imageBuffer.Width;
-        int height = imageBuffer.Height;
+        int width = frame.Width;
+        int height = frame.Height;
         int uvWidth = (width + 1) >> 1;
 
         // Temporary storage for accumulated R/G/B values during conversion to U/V.
@@ -289,8 +288,8 @@ internal static class YuvConversion
         bool hasAlpha = false;
         for (rowIndex = 0; rowIndex < height - 1; rowIndex += 2)
         {
-            Span<TPixel> rowSpan = imageBuffer.DangerousGetRowSpan(rowIndex);
-            Span<TPixel> nextRowSpan = imageBuffer.DangerousGetRowSpan(rowIndex + 1);
+            Span<TPixel> rowSpan = frame.DangerousGetRowSpan(rowIndex);
+            Span<TPixel> nextRowSpan = frame.DangerousGetRowSpan(rowIndex + 1);
             PixelOperations<TPixel>.Instance.ToBgra32(configuration, rowSpan, bgraRow0);
             PixelOperations<TPixel>.Instance.ToBgra32(configuration, nextRowSpan, bgraRow1);
 
@@ -320,7 +319,7 @@ internal static class YuvConversion
         // Extra last row.
         if ((height & 1) != 0)
         {
-            Span<TPixel> rowSpan = imageBuffer.DangerousGetRowSpan(rowIndex);
+            Span<TPixel> rowSpan = frame.DangerousGetRowSpan(rowIndex);
             PixelOperations<TPixel>.Instance.ToBgra32(configuration, rowSpan, bgraRow0);
             ConvertRgbaToY(bgraRow0, y[(rowIndex * width)..], width);
 

src/ImageSharp/Formats/Webp/WebpAnimationDecoder.cs

@@ -253,7 +253,7 @@ internal class WebpAnimationDecoder : IDisposable
     private Buffer2D<TPixel> DecodeImageFrameData<TPixel>(WebpFrameData frameData, WebpImageInfo webpInfo)
         where TPixel : unmanaged, IPixel<TPixel>
     {
-        ImageFrame<TPixel> decodedFrame = new(Configuration.Default, (int)frameData.Width, (int)frameData.Height);
+        ImageFrame<TPixel> decodedFrame = new(this.configuration, (int)frameData.Width, (int)frameData.Height);
 
         try
         {

src/ImageSharp/Formats/Webp/WebpEncoderCore.cs

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 // Copyright (c) Six Labors.
 // Licensed under the Six Labors Split License.
 
+using System.Numerics;
 using SixLabors.ImageSharp.Formats.Webp.Lossless;
 using SixLabors.ImageSharp.Formats.Webp.Lossy;
 using SixLabors.ImageSharp.Memory;
@@ -129,6 +130,8 @@ internal sealed class WebpEncoderCore : IImageEncoderInternals
 
         if (lossless)
         {
+            bool hasAnimation = image.Frames.Count > 1;
+
             using Vp8LEncoder encoder = new(
                 this.memoryAllocator,
                 this.configuration,
@@ -141,17 +144,34 @@ internal sealed class WebpEncoderCore : IImageEncoderInternals
                 this.nearLossless,
                 this.nearLosslessQuality);
 
-            bool hasAnimation = image.Frames.Count > 1;
             encoder.EncodeHeader(image, stream, hasAnimation);
+
+            // Encode the first frame.
+            ImageFrame<TPixel> previousFrame = image.Frames.RootFrame;
+            WebpFrameMetadata frameMetadata = WebpCommonUtils.GetWebpFrameMetadata(previousFrame);
+            encoder.Encode(previousFrame, previousFrame.Bounds(), frameMetadata, stream, hasAnimation);
+
             if (hasAnimation)
             {
-                foreach (ImageFrame<TPixel> imageFrame in image.Frames)
+                WebpDisposalMethod previousDisposal = frameMetadata.DisposalMethod;
+
+                // Encode additional frames
+                // This frame is reused to store de-duplicated pixel buffers.
+                using ImageFrame<TPixel> encodingFrame = new(image.Configuration, previousFrame.Size());
+
+                for (int i = 1; i < image.Frames.Count; i++)
                 {
-                    using Vp8LEncoder enc = new(
+                    ImageFrame<TPixel> currentFrame = image.Frames[i];
+                    frameMetadata = WebpCommonUtils.GetWebpFrameMetadata(currentFrame);
+
+                    ImageFrame<TPixel>? prev = previousDisposal == WebpDisposalMethod.RestoreToBackground ? null : previousFrame;
+                    (bool difference, Rectangle bounds) = AnimationUtilities.DeDuplicatePixels(image.Configuration, prev, currentFrame, encodingFrame, Vector4.Zero);
+
+                    using Vp8LEncoder animatedEncoder = new(
                         this.memoryAllocator,
                         this.configuration,
-                        image.Width,
-                        image.Height,
+                        bounds.Width,
+                        bounds.Height,
                         this.quality,
                         this.skipMetadata,
                         this.method,
@@ -159,13 +179,12 @@ internal sealed class WebpEncoderCore : IImageEncoderInternals
                         this.nearLossless,
                         this.nearLosslessQuality);
 
-                    enc.Encode(imageFrame, stream, true);
+                    animatedEncoder.Encode(encodingFrame, bounds, frameMetadata, stream, hasAnimation);
+
+                    previousFrame = currentFrame;
+                    previousDisposal = frameMetadata.DisposalMethod;
                 }
             }
-            else
-            {
-                encoder.Encode(image.Frames.RootFrame, stream, false);
-            }
 
             encoder.EncodeFooter(image, stream);
         }
@@ -183,17 +202,36 @@ internal sealed class WebpEncoderCore : IImageEncoderInternals
                 this.filterStrength,
                 this.spatialNoiseShaping,
                 this.alphaCompression);
+
             if (image.Frames.Count > 1)
             {
+                // TODO: What about alpha here?
                 encoder.EncodeHeader(image, stream, false, true);
 
-                foreach (ImageFrame<TPixel> imageFrame in image.Frames)
+                // Encode the first frame.
+                ImageFrame<TPixel> previousFrame = image.Frames.RootFrame;
+                WebpFrameMetadata frameMetadata = WebpCommonUtils.GetWebpFrameMetadata(previousFrame);
+                WebpDisposalMethod previousDisposal = frameMetadata.DisposalMethod;
+
+                encoder.EncodeAnimation(previousFrame, stream, previousFrame.Bounds(), frameMetadata);
+
+                // Encode additional frames
+                // This frame is reused to store de-duplicated pixel buffers.
+                using ImageFrame<TPixel> encodingFrame = new(image.Configuration, previousFrame.Size());
+
+                for (int i = 1; i < image.Frames.Count; i++)
                 {
-                    using Vp8Encoder enc = new(
+                    ImageFrame<TPixel> currentFrame = image.Frames[i];
+                    frameMetadata = WebpCommonUtils.GetWebpFrameMetadata(currentFrame);
+
+                    ImageFrame<TPixel>? prev = previousDisposal == WebpDisposalMethod.RestoreToBackground ? null : previousFrame;
+                    (bool difference, Rectangle bounds) = AnimationUtilities.DeDuplicatePixels(image.Configuration, prev, currentFrame, encodingFrame, Vector4.Zero);
+
+                    using Vp8Encoder animatedEncoder = new(
                         this.memoryAllocator,
                         this.configuration,
-                        image.Width,
-                        image.Height,
+                        bounds.Width,
+                        bounds.Height,
                         this.quality,
                         this.skipMetadata,
                         this.method,
@@ -202,12 +240,15 @@ internal sealed class WebpEncoderCore : IImageEncoderInternals
                         this.spatialNoiseShaping,
                         this.alphaCompression);
 
-                    enc.EncodeAnimation(imageFrame, stream);
+                    animatedEncoder.EncodeAnimation(encodingFrame, stream, bounds, frameMetadata);
+
+                    previousFrame = currentFrame;
+                    previousDisposal = frameMetadata.DisposalMethod;
                 }
             }
             else
             {
-                encoder.EncodeStatic(image, stream);
+                encoder.EncodeStatic(stream, image);
             }
 
             encoder.EncodeFooter(image, stream);

tests/ImageSharp.Tests/Formats/WebP/YuvConversionTests.cs

@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
 // Copyright (c) Six Labors.
 // Licensed under the Six Labors Split License.
 
-using SixLabors.ImageSharp.Advanced;
 using SixLabors.ImageSharp.Formats.Webp;
 using SixLabors.ImageSharp.Formats.Webp.Lossy;
 using SixLabors.ImageSharp.Memory;
@@ -143,7 +142,7 @@ public class YuvConversionTests
         };
 
         // act
-        YuvConversion.ConvertRgbToYuv(image.Frames.RootFrame, config, memoryAllocator, y, u, v);
+        YuvConversion.ConvertRgbToYuv(image.Frames.RootFrame.PixelBuffer.GetRegion(), config, memoryAllocator, y, u, v);
 
         // assert
         Assert.True(expectedY.AsSpan().SequenceEqual(y));
@@ -249,7 +248,7 @@ public class YuvConversionTests
         };
 
         // act
-        YuvConversion.ConvertRgbToYuv(image.Frames.RootFrame, config, memoryAllocator, y, u, v);
+        YuvConversion.ConvertRgbToYuv(image.Frames.RootFrame.PixelBuffer.GetRegion(), config, memoryAllocator, y, u, v);
 
         // assert
         Assert.True(expectedY.AsSpan().SequenceEqual(y));