diff --git a/src/ImageSharp/Common/Helpers/ImageMaths.cs b/src/ImageSharp/Common/Helpers/ImageMaths.cs
index 3c48488ec..cacaca0bb 100644
--- a/src/ImageSharp/Common/Helpers/ImageMaths.cs
+++ b/src/ImageSharp/Common/Helpers/ImageMaths.cs
@@ -36,10 +36,15 @@ namespace SixLabors.ImageSharp
         /// The <see cref="int"/>
         /// </returns>
         [MethodImpl(MethodImplOptions.AggressiveInlining)]
-        public static int GetBitsNeededForColorDepth(int colors)
-        {
-            return Math.Max(1, (int)Math.Ceiling(Math.Log(colors, 2)));
-        }
+        public static int GetBitsNeededForColorDepth(int colors) => Math.Max(1, (int)Math.Ceiling(Math.Log(colors, 2)));
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Returns how many colors will be created by the specified number of bits.
+        /// </summary>
+        /// <param name="bitDepth">The bit depth.</param>
+        /// <returns>The <see cref="int"/></returns>
+        [MethodImpl(MethodImplOptions.AggressiveInlining)]
+        public static int GetColorCountForBitDepth(int bitDepth) => (int)Math.Pow(2, bitDepth);
 
         /// <summary>
         /// Implementation of 1D Gaussian G(x) function
@@ -132,10 +137,7 @@ namespace SixLabors.ImageSharp
         /// The bounding <see cref="Rectangle"/>.
         /// </returns>
         [MethodImpl(MethodImplOptions.AggressiveInlining)]
-        public static Rectangle GetBoundingRectangle(Point topLeft, Point bottomRight)
-        {
-            return new Rectangle(topLeft.X, topLeft.Y, bottomRight.X - topLeft.X, bottomRight.Y - topLeft.Y);
-        }
+        public static Rectangle GetBoundingRectangle(Point topLeft, Point bottomRight) => new Rectangle(topLeft.X, topLeft.Y, bottomRight.X - topLeft.X, bottomRight.Y - topLeft.Y);
 
         /// <summary>
         /// Finds the bounding rectangle based on the first instance of any color component other
diff --git a/src/ImageSharp/Formats/Bmp/BmpDecoderCore.cs b/src/ImageSharp/Formats/Bmp/BmpDecoderCore.cs
index 3bb44f1d0..a574d5178 100644
--- a/src/ImageSharp/Formats/Bmp/BmpDecoderCore.cs
+++ b/src/ImageSharp/Formats/Bmp/BmpDecoderCore.cs
@@ -596,7 +596,7 @@ namespace SixLabors.ImageSharp.Formats.Bmp
                     || this.infoHeader.BitsPerPixel == 4
                     || this.infoHeader.BitsPerPixel == 8)
                 {
-                    colorMapSize = (int)Math.Pow(2, this.infoHeader.BitsPerPixel) * 4;
+                    colorMapSize = ImageMaths.GetColorCountForBitDepth(this.infoHeader.BitsPerPixel) * 4;
                 }
             }
             else
diff --git a/src/ImageSharp/Formats/Gif/GifEncoderCore.cs b/src/ImageSharp/Formats/Gif/GifEncoderCore.cs
index 7a880b0f9..f2e0eab5c 100644
--- a/src/ImageSharp/Formats/Gif/GifEncoderCore.cs
+++ b/src/ImageSharp/Formats/Gif/GifEncoderCore.cs
@@ -86,7 +86,7 @@ namespace SixLabors.ImageSharp.Formats.Gif
             Guard.NotNull(image, nameof(image));
             Guard.NotNull(stream, nameof(stream));
 
-            this.gifMetaData = image.MetaData.GetOrAddFormatMetaData<GifMetaData>(GifFormat.Instance);
+            this.gifMetaData = image.MetaData.GetOrAddFormatMetaData(GifFormat.Instance);
             this.colorTableMode = this.colorTableMode ?? this.gifMetaData.ColorTableMode;
             bool useGlobalTable = this.colorTableMode.Equals(GifColorTableMode.Global);
 
@@ -412,7 +412,7 @@ namespace SixLabors.ImageSharp.Formats.Gif
             int pixelCount = image.Palette.Length;
 
             // The maximium number of colors for the bit depth
-            int colorTableLength = (int)Math.Pow(2, this.bitDepth) * 3;
+            int colorTableLength = ImageMaths.GetColorCountForBitDepth(this.bitDepth) * 3;
             Rgb24 rgb = default;
 
             using (IManagedByteBuffer colorTable = this.memoryAllocator.AllocateManagedByteBuffer(colorTableLength))
diff --git a/src/ImageSharp/Formats/Png/PngBitDepth.cs b/src/ImageSharp/Formats/Png/PngBitDepth.cs
index 0c22a4c91..396f2c160 100644
--- a/src/ImageSharp/Formats/Png/PngBitDepth.cs
+++ b/src/ImageSharp/Formats/Png/PngBitDepth.cs
@@ -9,6 +9,21 @@ namespace SixLabors.ImageSharp.Formats.Png
     /// </summary>
     public enum PngBitDepth
     {
+        /// <summary>
+        /// 1 bit per sample or per palette index (not per pixel).
+        /// </summary>
+        Bit1 = 1,
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// 2 bits per sample or per palette index (not per pixel).
+        /// </summary>
+        Bit2 = 2,
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// 4 bits per sample or per palette index (not per pixel).
+        /// </summary>
+        Bit4 = 4,
+
         /// <summary>
         /// 8 bits per sample or per palette index (not per pixel).
         /// </summary>
diff --git a/src/ImageSharp/Formats/Png/PngDecoderCore.cs b/src/ImageSharp/Formats/Png/PngDecoderCore.cs
index 4bc483301..3daee991c 100644
--- a/src/ImageSharp/Formats/Png/PngDecoderCore.cs
+++ b/src/ImageSharp/Formats/Png/PngDecoderCore.cs
@@ -730,7 +730,7 @@ namespace SixLabors.ImageSharp.Formats.Png
             {
                 case PngColorType.Grayscale:
 
-                    int factor = 255 / ((int)Math.Pow(2, this.header.BitDepth) - 1);
+                    int factor = 255 / (ImageMaths.GetColorCountForBitDepth(this.header.BitDepth) - 1);
 
                     if (!this.hasTrans)
                     {
@@ -952,7 +952,7 @@ namespace SixLabors.ImageSharp.Formats.Png
             {
                 case PngColorType.Grayscale:
 
-                    int factor = 255 / ((int)Math.Pow(2, this.header.BitDepth) - 1);
+                    int factor = 255 / (ImageMaths.GetColorCountForBitDepth(this.header.BitDepth) - 1);
 
                     if (!this.hasTrans)
                     {
@@ -1303,12 +1303,7 @@ namespace SixLabors.ImageSharp.Formats.Png
                 filterMethod: data[11],
                 interlaceMethod: (PngInterlaceMode)data[12]);
 
-            // TODO: Figure out how we can determine the number of colors and support more bit depths.
-            if (bitDepth == 8 || bitDepth == 16)
-            {
-                pngMetaData.BitDepth = (PngBitDepth)bitDepth;
-            }
-
+            pngMetaData.BitDepth = (PngBitDepth)bitDepth;
             pngMetaData.ColorType = this.header.ColorType;
         }
 
diff --git a/src/ImageSharp/Formats/Png/PngEncoder.cs b/src/ImageSharp/Formats/Png/PngEncoder.cs
index 435d0abbc..05d687a88 100644
--- a/src/ImageSharp/Formats/Png/PngEncoder.cs
+++ b/src/ImageSharp/Formats/Png/PngEncoder.cs
@@ -4,7 +4,6 @@
 using System.IO;
 using SixLabors.ImageSharp.Advanced;
 using SixLabors.ImageSharp.PixelFormats;
-using SixLabors.ImageSharp.Processing;
 using SixLabors.ImageSharp.Processing.Processors.Quantization;
 
 namespace SixLabors.ImageSharp.Formats.Png
@@ -45,7 +44,7 @@ namespace SixLabors.ImageSharp.Formats.Png
         /// Gets or sets quantizer for reducing the color count.
         /// Defaults to the <see cref="WuQuantizer"/>
         /// </summary>
-        public IQuantizer Quantizer { get; set; } = KnownQuantizers.Wu;
+        public IQuantizer Quantizer { get; set; }
 
         /// <summary>
         /// Gets or sets the transparency threshold.
diff --git a/src/ImageSharp/Formats/Png/PngEncoderCore.cs b/src/ImageSharp/Formats/Png/PngEncoderCore.cs
index 9d9de71b1..20fc8b8e3 100644
--- a/src/ImageSharp/Formats/Png/PngEncoderCore.cs
+++ b/src/ImageSharp/Formats/Png/PngEncoderCore.cs
@@ -48,11 +48,6 @@ namespace SixLabors.ImageSharp.Formats.Png
         /// </summary>
         private readonly PngFilterMethod pngFilterMethod;
 
-        /// <summary>
-        /// The quantizer for reducing the color count.
-        /// </summary>
-        private readonly IQuantizer quantizer;
-
         /// <summary>
         /// Gets or sets the CompressionLevel value
         /// </summary>
@@ -63,6 +58,11 @@ namespace SixLabors.ImageSharp.Formats.Png
         /// </summary>
         private readonly byte threshold;
 
+        /// <summary>
+        /// The quantizer for reducing the color count.
+        /// </summary>
+        private IQuantizer quantizer;
+
         /// <summary>
         /// Gets or sets a value indicating whether to write the gamma chunk
         /// </summary>
@@ -185,8 +185,6 @@ namespace SixLabors.ImageSharp.Formats.Png
             this.gamma = this.gamma ?? pngMetaData.Gamma;
             this.writeGamma = this.gamma > 0;
             this.pngColorType = this.pngColorType ?? pngMetaData.ColorType;
-
-            // TODO: We don't take full advantage of this information yet.
             this.pngBitDepth = this.pngBitDepth ?? pngMetaData.BitDepth;
             this.use16Bit = this.pngBitDepth.Equals(PngBitDepth.Bit16);
 
@@ -196,17 +194,27 @@ namespace SixLabors.ImageSharp.Formats.Png
             ReadOnlySpan<byte> quantizedPixelsSpan = default;
             if (this.pngColorType == PngColorType.Palette)
             {
+                byte bits;
+
+                // Use the metadata to determine what quantization depth to use if no quantizer has been set.
+                if (this.quantizer == null)
+                {
+                    bits = (byte)Math.Min(8u, (short)this.pngBitDepth);
+                    int colorSize = ImageMaths.GetColorCountForBitDepth(bits);
+                    this.quantizer = new WuQuantizer(colorSize);
+                }
+
                 // Create quantized frame returning the palette and set the bit depth.
                 quantized = this.quantizer.CreateFrameQuantizer<TPixel>().QuantizeFrame(image.Frames.RootFrame);
                 quantizedPixelsSpan = quantized.GetPixelSpan();
-                byte bits = (byte)ImageMaths.GetBitsNeededForColorDepth(quantized.Palette.Length).Clamp(1, 8);
+                bits = (byte)ImageMaths.GetBitsNeededForColorDepth(quantized.Palette.Length).Clamp(1, 8);
 
                 // Png only supports in four pixel depths: 1, 2, 4, and 8 bits when using the PLTE chunk
                 if (bits == 3)
                 {
                     bits = 4;
                 }
-                else if (bits >= 5 || bits <= 7)
+                else if (bits >= 5 && bits <= 7)
                 {
                     bits = 8;
                 }
@@ -556,7 +564,7 @@ namespace SixLabors.ImageSharp.Formats.Png
             byte pixelCount = palette.Length.ToByte();
 
             // Get max colors for bit depth.
-            int colorTableLength = (int)Math.Pow(2, header.BitDepth) * 3;
+            int colorTableLength = ImageMaths.GetColorCountForBitDepth(header.BitDepth) * 3;
             Rgba32 rgba = default;
             bool anyAlpha = false;
 
@@ -700,7 +708,7 @@ namespace SixLabors.ImageSharp.Formats.Png
         private void WriteDataChunks<TPixel>(ImageFrame<TPixel> pixels, ReadOnlySpan<byte> quantizedPixelsSpan, Stream stream)
             where TPixel : struct, IPixel<TPixel>
         {
-            this.bytesPerScanline = this.width * this.bytesPerPixel;
+            this.bytesPerScanline = this.CalculateScanlineLength(this.width);
             int resultLength = this.bytesPerScanline + 1;
 
             this.previousScanline = this.memoryAllocator.AllocateManagedByteBuffer(this.bytesPerScanline, AllocationOptions.Clean);
@@ -828,5 +836,26 @@ namespace SixLabors.ImageSharp.Formats.Png
 
             stream.Write(this.buffer, 0, 4); // write the crc
         }
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Calculates the scanline length.
+        /// </summary>
+        /// <param name="width">The width of the row.</param>
+        /// <returns>
+        /// The <see cref="int"/> representing the length.
+        /// </returns>
+        private int CalculateScanlineLength(int width)
+        {
+            int mod = this.bitDepth == 16 ? 16 : 8;
+            int scanlineLength = width * this.bitDepth * this.bytesPerPixel;
+
+            int amount = scanlineLength % mod;
+            if (amount != 0)
+            {
+                scanlineLength += mod - amount;
+            }
+
+            return scanlineLength / mod;
+        }
     }
 }
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tests/ImageSharp.Tests/Formats/Bmp/BmpEncoderTests.cs b/tests/ImageSharp.Tests/Formats/Bmp/BmpEncoderTests.cs
index c75c65691..311b28f2d 100644
--- a/tests/ImageSharp.Tests/Formats/Bmp/BmpEncoderTests.cs
+++ b/tests/ImageSharp.Tests/Formats/Bmp/BmpEncoderTests.cs
@@ -88,7 +88,6 @@ namespace SixLabors.ImageSharp.Tests
             }
         }
 
-
         [Theory]
         [WithTestPatternImages(nameof(BitsPerPixel), 24, 24, PixelTypes.Rgba32 | PixelTypes.Bgra32 | PixelTypes.Rgb24)]
         public void Encode_IsNotBoundToSinglePixelType<TPixel>(TestImageProvider<TPixel> provider, BmpBitsPerPixel bitsPerPixel)
diff --git a/tests/ImageSharp.Tests/Formats/Png/PngEncoderTests.cs b/tests/ImageSharp.Tests/Formats/Png/PngEncoderTests.cs
index 62de45064..c9435a37d 100644
--- a/tests/ImageSharp.Tests/Formats/Png/PngEncoderTests.cs
+++ b/tests/ImageSharp.Tests/Formats/Png/PngEncoderTests.cs
@@ -23,6 +23,13 @@ namespace SixLabors.ImageSharp.Tests.Formats.Png
         // The images are an exact match. Maybe the submodule isn't updating?
         private const float ToleranceThresholdForPaletteEncoder = 1.3F / 100;
 
+        public static readonly TheoryData<string, PngBitDepth> PngBitDepthFiles =
+        new TheoryData<string, PngBitDepth>
+        {
+            { TestImages.Png.Rgb48Bpp, PngBitDepth.Bit16 },
+            { TestImages.Png.Bpp1, PngBitDepth.Bit1 }
+        };
+
         /// <summary>
         /// All types except Palette
         /// </summary>
@@ -290,5 +297,29 @@ namespace SixLabors.ImageSharp.Tests.Formats.Png
                 }
             }
         }
+
+        [Theory]
+        [MemberData(nameof(PngBitDepthFiles))]
+        public void Encode_PreserveBits(string imagePath, PngBitDepth pngBitDepth)
+        {
+            var options = new PngEncoder();
+
+            var testFile = TestFile.Create(imagePath);
+            using (Image<Rgba32> input = testFile.CreateImage())
+            {
+                using (var memStream = new MemoryStream())
+                {
+                    input.Save(memStream, options);
+
+                    memStream.Position = 0;
+                    using (var output = Image.Load<Rgba32>(memStream))
+                    {
+                        PngMetaData meta = output.MetaData.GetOrAddFormatMetaData(PngFormat.Instance);
+
+                        Assert.Equal(pngBitDepth, meta.BitDepth);
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
     }
 }
\ No newline at end of file