diff --git a/src/OpenIddict/OpenIddictProvider.Serialization.cs b/src/OpenIddict/OpenIddictProvider.Serialization.cs
index 53a69a21..b45cbad1 100644
--- a/src/OpenIddict/OpenIddictProvider.Serialization.cs
+++ b/src/OpenIddict/OpenIddictProvider.Serialization.cs
@@ -32,20 +32,21 @@ namespace OpenIddict
                 return;
             }
 
-            var ticket = await ReceiveTokenAsync(
+            context.Ticket = await ReceiveTokenAsync(
                 context.AccessToken, options, context.HttpContext,
                 context.Request, context.DataFormat);
 
-            // If a valid ticket was returned by ReceiveTokenAsync(),
-            // force the OpenID Connect server middleware to use it.
-            if (ticket != null)
+            // Prevent the OpenID Connect server middleware from using
+            // its default logic to deserialize the reference token.
+            if (context.Ticket != null)
             {
-                context.Ticket = ticket;
                 context.HandleResponse();
             }
 
-            // Otherwise, let the OpenID Connect server middleware
-            // deserialize the token using its default internal logic.
+            else
+            {
+                context.SkipToNextMiddleware();
+            }
         }
 
         public override async Task DeserializeAuthorizationCode([NotNull] DeserializeAuthorizationCodeContext context)
@@ -56,20 +57,21 @@ namespace OpenIddict
                 return;
             }
 
-            var ticket = await ReceiveTokenAsync(
+            context.Ticket = await ReceiveTokenAsync(
                 context.AuthorizationCode, options, context.HttpContext,
                 context.Request, context.DataFormat);
 
-            // If a valid ticket was returned by ReceiveTokenAsync(),
-            // force the OpenID Connect server middleware to use it.
-            if (ticket != null)
+            // Prevent the OpenID Connect server middleware from using
+            // its default logic to deserialize the reference token.
+            if (context.Ticket != null)
             {
-                context.Ticket = ticket;
                 context.HandleResponse();
             }
 
-            // Otherwise, let the OpenID Connect server middleware
-            // deserialize the token using its default internal logic.
+            else
+            {
+                context.SkipToNextMiddleware();
+            }
         }
 
         public override async Task DeserializeRefreshToken([NotNull] DeserializeRefreshTokenContext context)
@@ -80,20 +82,21 @@ namespace OpenIddict
                 return;
             }
 
-            var ticket = await ReceiveTokenAsync(
+            context.Ticket = await ReceiveTokenAsync(
                 context.RefreshToken, options, context.HttpContext,
                 context.Request, context.DataFormat);
 
-            // If a valid ticket was returned by ReceiveTokenAsync(),
-            // force the OpenID Connect server middleware to use it.
-            if (ticket != null)
+            // Prevent the OpenID Connect server middleware from using
+            // its default logic to deserialize the reference token.
+            if (context.Ticket != null)
             {
-                context.Ticket = ticket;
                 context.HandleResponse();
             }
 
-            // Otherwise, let the OpenID Connect server middleware
-            // deserialize the token using its default internal logic.
+            else
+            {
+                context.SkipToNextMiddleware();
+            }
         }
 
         public override async Task SerializeAccessToken([NotNull] SerializeAccessTokenContext context)
diff --git a/test/OpenIddict.Tests/OpenIddictProviderTests.Introspection.cs b/test/OpenIddict.Tests/OpenIddictProviderTests.Introspection.cs
index 2d1097eb..dcc6374f 100644
--- a/test/OpenIddict.Tests/OpenIddictProviderTests.Introspection.cs
+++ b/test/OpenIddict.Tests/OpenIddictProviderTests.Introspection.cs
@@ -348,22 +348,9 @@ namespace OpenIddict.Tests
             var identity = new ClaimsIdentity(OpenIdConnectServerDefaults.AuthenticationScheme);
             identity.AddClaim(OpenIdConnectConstants.Claims.Subject, "Bob le Bricoleur");
 
-            var ticket = new AuthenticationTicket(
-                new ClaimsPrincipal(identity),
-                new AuthenticationProperties(),
-                OpenIdConnectServerDefaults.AuthenticationScheme);
-
-            ticket.SetTokenId("3E228451-1555-46F7-A471-951EFBA23A56");
-            ticket.SetTokenUsage(OpenIdConnectConstants.TokenUsages.AccessToken);
-
-            var format = new Mock<ISecureDataFormat<AuthenticationTicket>>();
-
-            format.Setup(mock => mock.Unprotect("2YotnFZFEjr1zCsicMWpAA"))
-                .Returns(ticket);
-
             var manager = CreateTokenManager(instance =>
             {
-                instance.Setup(mock => mock.FindByIdAsync("3E228451-1555-46F7-A471-951EFBA23A56", It.IsAny<CancellationToken>()))
+                instance.Setup(mock => mock.FindByHashAsync("coYFMTIt6jDp2O41qaUfV+XGhPsils3Z3YfmUvudrVw=", It.IsAny<CancellationToken>()))
                     .ReturnsAsync(value: null);
             });
 
@@ -385,8 +372,6 @@ namespace OpenIddict.Tests
 
                 builder.Services.AddSingleton(manager);
 
-                builder.Configure(options => options.AccessTokenFormat = format.Object);
-
                 builder.UseReferenceTokens();
             });
 
@@ -397,14 +382,15 @@ namespace OpenIddict.Tests
             {
                 ClientId = "Fabrikam",
                 ClientSecret = "7Fjfp0ZBr1KtDRbnfVdmIw",
-                Token = "2YotnFZFEjr1zCsicMWpAA"
+                Token = "QaTk2f6UPe9trKismGBJr0OIs0KqpvNrqRsJqGuJAAI"
             });
 
             // Assert
             Assert.Single(response.GetParameters());
             Assert.False((bool) response[OpenIdConnectConstants.Claims.Active]);
 
-            Mock.Get(manager).Verify(mock => mock.FindByIdAsync("3E228451-1555-46F7-A471-951EFBA23A56", It.IsAny<CancellationToken>()), Times.Once());
+
+            Mock.Get(manager).Verify(mock => mock.FindByHashAsync("coYFMTIt6jDp2O41qaUfV+XGhPsils3Z3YfmUvudrVw=", It.IsAny<CancellationToken>()), Times.Exactly(3));
         }
 
         [Fact]
@@ -431,6 +417,15 @@ namespace OpenIddict.Tests
 
             var manager = CreateTokenManager(instance =>
             {
+                instance.Setup(mock => mock.FindByHashAsync("coYFMTIt6jDp2O41qaUfV+XGhPsils3Z3YfmUvudrVw=", It.IsAny<CancellationToken>()))
+                    .ReturnsAsync(token);
+
+                instance.Setup(mock => mock.GetIdAsync(token, It.IsAny<CancellationToken>()))
+                    .ReturnsAsync("3E228451-1555-46F7-A471-951EFBA23A56");
+
+                instance.Setup(mock => mock.GetCiphertextAsync(token, It.IsAny<CancellationToken>()))
+                    .ReturnsAsync("2YotnFZFEjr1zCsicMWpAA");
+
                 instance.Setup(mock => mock.FindByIdAsync("3E228451-1555-46F7-A471-951EFBA23A56", It.IsAny<CancellationToken>()))
                     .ReturnsAsync(token);
 
@@ -468,13 +463,14 @@ namespace OpenIddict.Tests
             {
                 ClientId = "Fabrikam",
                 ClientSecret = "7Fjfp0ZBr1KtDRbnfVdmIw",
-                Token = "2YotnFZFEjr1zCsicMWpAA"
+                Token = "QaTk2f6UPe9trKismGBJr0OIs0KqpvNrqRsJqGuJAAI"
             });
 
             // Assert
             Assert.Single(response.GetParameters());
             Assert.False((bool) response[OpenIdConnectConstants.Claims.Active]);
 
+            Mock.Get(manager).Verify(mock => mock.FindByHashAsync("coYFMTIt6jDp2O41qaUfV+XGhPsils3Z3YfmUvudrVw=", It.IsAny<CancellationToken>()), Times.Once());
             Mock.Get(manager).Verify(mock => mock.FindByIdAsync("3E228451-1555-46F7-A471-951EFBA23A56", It.IsAny<CancellationToken>()), Times.Once());
             Mock.Get(manager).Verify(mock => mock.IsValidAsync(token, It.IsAny<CancellationToken>()), Times.Once());
         }