Domainid fixes

backend/extensions/Squidex.Extensions/Actions/Comment/CommentActionHandler.cs

@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ namespace Squidex.Extensions.Actions.Comment
                     ruleJob.Actor = contentEvent.Actor;
                 }
 
-                ruleJob.CommentsId = contentEvent.Id.ToString();
+                ruleJob.CommentsId = contentEvent.Id;
 
                 return (Description, ruleJob);
             }

backend/extensions/Squidex.Extensions/Actions/Notification/NotificationActionHandler.cs

@@ -55,7 +55,9 @@ namespace Squidex.Extensions.Actions.Notification
                     throw new InvalidOperationException($"Cannot find user by '{action.User}'");
                 }
 
-                var ruleJob = new CreateComment { Actor = actor, CommentsId = user.Id, Text = text };
+                var commentsId = DomainId.Create(user.Id);
+
+                var ruleJob = new CreateComment { Actor = actor, CommentsId = commentsId, Text = text };
 
                 if (!string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(action.Url))
                 {

backend/src/Migrations/Migrations/MongoDb/AddAppIdToEventStream.cs

@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ namespace Migrations.Migrations.MongoDb
                         var domainType = eventStream.Substring(0, indexOfType);
                         var domainId = eventStream.Substring(indexOfId);
 
-                        var newDomainId = DomainId.Combine(appId, domainId).ToString();
+                        var newDomainId = DomainId.Combine(DomainId.Create(appId), DomainId.Create(domainId)).ToString();
                         var newStreamName = $"{domainType}-{newDomainId}";
 
                         document["EventStream"] = newStreamName;

backend/src/Migrations/Migrations/MongoDb/ConvertDocumentIds.cs

@@ -111,7 +111,7 @@ namespace Migrations.Migrations.MongoDb
                         documentIdOld = documentIdOld.Substring(index + 2);
                     }
 
-                    var documentIdNew = DomainId.Combine(appId, documentIdOld).ToString();
+                    var documentIdNew = DomainId.Combine(DomainId.Create(appId), DomainId.Create(documentIdOld)).ToString();
 
                     document["id"] = documentIdOld;
                     document["_id"] = documentIdNew;

backend/src/Migrations/OldTriggers/ContentChangedTriggerSchema.cs

@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@ using System.Collections.Generic;
 using Squidex.Domain.Apps.Core;
 using Squidex.Domain.Apps.Core.Rules.EnrichedEvents;
 using Squidex.Domain.Apps.Core.Rules.Triggers;
+using Squidex.Infrastructure;
 
 namespace Migrations.OldTriggers
 {
@@ -71,7 +72,9 @@ namespace Migrations.OldTriggers
                 condition = string.Join(" || ", conditions);
             }
 
-            return new ContentChangedTriggerSchemaV2 { SchemaId = SchemaId, Condition = condition };
+            var schemaId = DomainId.Create(SchemaId);
+
+            return new ContentChangedTriggerSchemaV2 { SchemaId = schemaId, Condition = condition };
         }
     }
 }

backend/src/Squidex.Domain.Apps.Core.Operations/ExtractReferenceIds/ReferencesCleaner.cs

@@ -112,7 +112,7 @@ namespace Squidex.Domain.Apps.Core.ExtractReferenceIds
 
         private bool IsValidReference(IJsonValue item)
         {
-            return item is JsonString s && validIds.Contains(s.Value);
+            return item is JsonString s && validIds.Contains(DomainId.Create(s.Value));
         }
     }
 }

backend/src/Squidex.Domain.Apps.Core.Operations/ExtractReferenceIds/ReferencesExtensions.cs

@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ namespace Squidex.Domain.Apps.Core.ExtractReferenceIds
                 {
                     if (id is JsonString s)
                     {
-                        result.Add(s.Value);
+                        result.Add(DomainId.Create(s.Value));
 
                         added++;
 

backend/src/Squidex.Domain.Apps.Core.Operations/HandleRules/Extensions/EventFluidExtensions.cs

@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ namespace Squidex.Domain.Apps.Core.HandleRules.Extensions
                     {
                         if (context.GetValue("event")?.ToObjectValue() is EnrichedContentEvent contentEvent)
                         {
-                            var result = urlGenerator.ContentUI(contentEvent.AppId, contentEvent.SchemaId, id.ToString());
+                            var result = urlGenerator.ContentUI(contentEvent.AppId, contentEvent.SchemaId, id);
 
                             return new StringValue(result);
                         }

backend/src/Squidex.Domain.Apps.Entities.MongoDb/Assets/MongoAssetFolderRepository.cs

@@ -71,7 +71,7 @@ namespace Squidex.Domain.Apps.Entities.MongoDb.Assets
         {
             using (Profiler.TraceMethod<MongoAssetFolderRepository>())
             {
-                var documentId = DomainId.Combine(appId, id).ToString();
+                var documentId = DomainId.Combine(appId, id);
 
                 var assetFolderEntity =
                     await Collection.Find(x => x.DocumentId == documentId && !x.IsDeleted)

backend/src/Squidex.Domain.Apps.Entities.MongoDb/Assets/MongoAssetRepository.cs

@@ -157,7 +157,7 @@ namespace Squidex.Domain.Apps.Entities.MongoDb.Assets
         {
             using (Profiler.TraceMethod<MongoAssetRepository>())
             {
-                var documentId = DomainId.Combine(appId, id).ToString();
+                var documentId = DomainId.Combine(appId, id);
 
                 var assetEntity =
                     await Collection.Find(x => x.DocumentId == documentId && !x.IsDeleted)

backend/src/Squidex.Domain.Apps.Entities.MongoDb/Contents/MongoContentRepository_SnapshotStore.cs

@@ -104,7 +104,7 @@ namespace Squidex.Domain.Apps.Entities.MongoDb.Contents
 
         private Task DeletePublishedContentAsync(DomainId appId, DomainId id)
         {
-            var documentId = DomainId.Combine(appId, id).ToString();
+            var documentId = DomainId.Combine(appId, id);
 
             return collectionPublished.RemoveAsync(documentId);
         }

backend/src/Squidex.Domain.Apps.Entities.MongoDb/Contents/Operations/QueryContent.cs

@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ namespace Squidex.Domain.Apps.Entities.MongoDb.Contents.Operations
         {
             Guard.NotNull(schema, nameof(schema));
 
-            var documentId = DomainId.Combine(schema.AppId, id).ToString();
+            var documentId = DomainId.Combine(schema.AppId, id);
 
             var find = Collection.Find(x => x.DocumentId == documentId);
 

backend/src/Squidex.Domain.Apps.Entities.MongoDb/Rules/MongoRuleEventEntity.cs

@@ -16,8 +16,13 @@ using Squidex.Infrastructure.MongoDb;
 
 namespace Squidex.Domain.Apps.Entities.MongoDb.Rules
 {
-    public sealed class MongoRuleEventEntity : MongoEntity, IRuleEventEntity
+    [BsonIgnoreExtraElements]
+    public sealed class MongoRuleEventEntity : IRuleEventEntity
     {
+        [BsonId]
+        [BsonElement]
+        public DomainId DocumentId { get; set; }
+
         [BsonRequired]
         [BsonElement]
         public DomainId AppId { get; set; }

backend/src/Squidex.Domain.Apps.Entities.MongoDb/Rules/MongoRuleEventRepository.cs

@@ -101,7 +101,7 @@ namespace Squidex.Domain.Apps.Entities.MongoDb.Rules
 
             SimpleMapper.Map(job, entity);
 
-            entity.DocumentId = job.Id.ToString();
+            entity.DocumentId = job.Id;
 
             await Collection.InsertOneIfNotExistsAsync(entity, ct);
         }

backend/src/Squidex.Domain.Apps.Entities/Apps/Indexes/AppsIndex.cs

@@ -207,7 +207,7 @@ namespace Squidex.Domain.Apps.Entities.Apps.Indexes
                         {
                             await index.AddAsync(token);
 
-                            await Index(createApp.Actor.Identifier).AddAsync(createApp.AppId.ToString());
+                            await Index(createApp.Actor.Identifier).AddAsync(createApp.AppId);
                         }
                         else
                         {
@@ -253,7 +253,7 @@ namespace Squidex.Domain.Apps.Entities.Apps.Indexes
 
             if (name.IsSlug())
             {
-                var token = await index.ReserveAsync(command.AppId.ToString(), name);
+                var token = await index.ReserveAsync(command.AppId, name);
 
                 if (token == null)
                 {

backend/src/Squidex.Domain.Apps.Entities/Backup/BackupGrain.cs

@@ -132,6 +132,8 @@ namespace Squidex.Domain.Apps.Entities.Backup
 
             try
             {
+                var appId = DomainId.Create(Key);
+
                 using (var stream = backupArchiveLocation.OpenStream(job.Id))
                 {
                     using (var writer = await backupArchiveLocation.OpenWriterAsync(stream))
@@ -140,7 +142,7 @@ namespace Squidex.Domain.Apps.Entities.Backup
 
                         var userMapping = new UserMapping(actor);
 
-                        var context = new BackupContext(Key, userMapping, writer);
+                        var context = new BackupContext(appId, userMapping, writer);
 
                         await eventStore.QueryAsync(async storedEvent =>
                         {

backend/src/Squidex.Domain.Apps.Entities/Backup/RestoreGrain.cs

@@ -324,7 +324,7 @@ namespace Squidex.Domain.Apps.Entities.Backup
         {
             if (@event.Payload is AppCreated appCreated)
             {
-                var previousAppId = appCreated.AppId.Id.ToString();
+                var previousAppId = appCreated.AppId.Id;
 
                 if (!string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(CurrentJob.NewAppName))
                 {
@@ -363,7 +363,9 @@ namespace Squidex.Domain.Apps.Entities.Backup
                     restoreContext.PreviousAppId.ToString(),
                     restoreContext.AppId.ToString());
 
-                @event.SetAggregateId(id);
+                var domainId = DomainId.Create(id);
+
+                @event.SetAggregateId(domainId);
             }
 
             foreach (var handler in handlers)

backend/src/Squidex.Domain.Apps.Entities/Comments/CommentsLoader.cs

@@ -20,9 +20,9 @@ namespace Squidex.Domain.Apps.Entities.Comments
             this.grainFactory = grainFactory;
         }
 
-        public Task<CommentsResult> GetCommentsAsync(string id, long version = EtagVersion.Any)
+        public Task<CommentsResult> GetCommentsAsync(DomainId id, long version = EtagVersion.Any)
         {
-            var grain = grainFactory.GetGrain<ICommentsGrain>(id);
+            var grain = grainFactory.GetGrain<ICommentsGrain>(id.ToString());
 
             return grain.GetCommentsAsync(version);
         }

backend/src/Squidex.Domain.Apps.Entities/Comments/ICommentsLoader.cs

@@ -12,6 +12,6 @@ namespace Squidex.Domain.Apps.Entities.Comments
 {
     public interface ICommentsLoader
     {
-        Task<CommentsResult> GetCommentsAsync(string id, long version = EtagVersion.Any);
+        Task<CommentsResult> GetCommentsAsync(DomainId id, long version = EtagVersion.Any);
     }
 }

backend/src/Squidex.Domain.Apps.Entities/Contents/GraphQL/GraphQLExecutionContext.cs

@@ -141,7 +141,7 @@ namespace Squidex.Domain.Apps.Entities.Contents.GraphQL
                 {
                     foreach (var id in array)
                     {
-                        result.Add(id.ToString());
+                        result.Add(DomainId.Create(id.ToString()));
                     }
                 }
 

backend/src/Squidex.Domain.Apps.Entities/Contents/GraphQL/GraphQLModel.cs

@@ -34,6 +34,11 @@ namespace Squidex.Domain.Apps.Entities.Contents.GraphQL
 
         public bool CanGenerateAssetSourceUrl { get; }
 
+        static GraphQLModel()
+        {
+            ValueConverter.Register<string, DomainId>(DomainId.Create);
+        }
+
         public GraphQLModel(IAppEntity app,
             IEnumerable<ISchemaEntity> schemas,
             int pageSizeContents,

backend/src/Squidex.Domain.Apps.Entities/Contents/GraphQL/Types/AssetActions.cs

@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@ using GraphQL;
 using GraphQL.Resolvers;
 using GraphQL.Types;
 using Squidex.Domain.Apps.Entities.Assets;
+using Squidex.Infrastructure;
 
 namespace Squidex.Domain.Apps.Entities.Contents.GraphQL.Types
 {
@@ -56,9 +57,9 @@ namespace Squidex.Domain.Apps.Entities.Contents.GraphQL.Types
 
             public static readonly IFieldResolver Resolver = new FuncFieldResolver<object?>(c =>
             {
-                var id = c.GetArgument<Guid>("id");
+                var assetId = c.GetArgument<DomainId>("id");
 
-                return ((GraphQLExecutionContext)c.UserContext).FindAssetAsync(id);
+                return ((GraphQLExecutionContext)c.UserContext).FindAssetAsync(assetId);
             });
         }
 

backend/src/Squidex.Domain.Apps.Entities/Contents/GraphQL/Types/ContentActions.cs

@@ -76,9 +76,9 @@ namespace Squidex.Domain.Apps.Entities.Contents.GraphQL.Types
 
             public static readonly IFieldResolver Resolver = new FuncFieldResolver<object?>(c =>
             {
-                var id = c.GetArgument<Guid>("id");
+                var contentId = c.GetArgument<DomainId>("id");
 
-                return ((GraphQLExecutionContext)c.UserContext).FindContentAsync(id);
+                return ((GraphQLExecutionContext)c.UserContext).FindContentAsync(contentId);
             });
         }
 
@@ -183,7 +183,9 @@ namespace Squidex.Domain.Apps.Entities.Contents.GraphQL.Types
 
                     if (!string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(contentId))
                     {
-                        command.ContentId = contentId;
+                        var id = DomainId.Create(contentId);
+
+                        command.ContentId = id;
                     }
 
                     return command;
@@ -236,7 +238,9 @@ namespace Squidex.Domain.Apps.Entities.Contents.GraphQL.Types
                     var contentData = GetContentData(c);
                     var contentId = c.GetArgument<string>("id");
 
-                    return new UpsertContent { ContentId = contentId, Data = contentData, Publish = contentPublish };
+                    var id = DomainId.Create(contentId);
+
+                    return new UpsertContent { ContentId = id, Data = contentData, Publish = contentPublish };
                 });
             }
         }
@@ -275,7 +279,7 @@ namespace Squidex.Domain.Apps.Entities.Contents.GraphQL.Types
             {
                 return ResolveAsync<IEnrichedContentEntity>(appId, schemaId, c =>
                 {
-                    var contentId = c.GetArgument<Guid>("id");
+                    var contentId = c.GetArgument<DomainId>("id");
                     var contentData = GetContentData(c);
 
                     return new UpdateContent { ContentId = contentId, Data = contentData };
@@ -317,7 +321,7 @@ namespace Squidex.Domain.Apps.Entities.Contents.GraphQL.Types
             {
                 return ResolveAsync<IEnrichedContentEntity>(appId, schemaId, c =>
                 {
-                    var contentId = c.GetArgument<Guid>("id");
+                    var contentId = c.GetArgument<DomainId>("id");
                     var contentData = GetContentData(c);
 
                     return new PatchContent { ContentId = contentId, Data = contentData };
@@ -363,7 +367,7 @@ namespace Squidex.Domain.Apps.Entities.Contents.GraphQL.Types
             {
                 return ResolveAsync<IEnrichedContentEntity>(appId, schemaId, c =>
                 {
-                    var contentId = c.GetArgument<Guid>("id");
+                    var contentId = c.GetArgument<DomainId>("id");
                     var contentStatus = new Status(c.GetArgument<string>("status"));
                     var contentDueTime = c.GetArgument<Instant?>("dueTime");
 
@@ -381,7 +385,7 @@ namespace Squidex.Domain.Apps.Entities.Contents.GraphQL.Types
                     Name = "id",
                     Description = "The id of the content (usually GUID)",
                     DefaultValue = null,
-                    ResolvedType = AllTypes.NonNullGuid
+                    ResolvedType = AllTypes.NonNullString
                 },
                 new QueryArgument(AllTypes.None)
                 {
@@ -396,7 +400,7 @@ namespace Squidex.Domain.Apps.Entities.Contents.GraphQL.Types
             {
                 return ResolveAsync<EntitySavedResult>(appId, schemaId, c =>
                 {
-                    var contentId = c.GetArgument<Guid>("id");
+                    var contentId = c.GetArgument<DomainId>("id");
 
                     return new DeleteContent { ContentId = contentId };
                 });

backend/src/Squidex.Domain.Apps.Entities/Contents/Queries/ContentQueryService.cs

@@ -161,7 +161,9 @@ namespace Squidex.Domain.Apps.Entities.Contents.Queries
 
             if (Guid.TryParse(schemaIdOrName, out var guid))
             {
-                schema = await appProvider.GetSchemaAsync(context.App.Id, guid, false, canCache);
+                var schemaId = DomainId.Create(guid);
+
+                schema = await appProvider.GetSchemaAsync(context.App.Id, schemaId, false, canCache);
             }
 
             if (schema == null)

backend/src/Squidex.Domain.Apps.Entities/Contents/ReferencesFluidExtension.cs

@@ -57,7 +57,10 @@ namespace Squidex.Domain.Apps.Entities.Contents
 
                     var id = (await arguments[1].Expression.EvaluateAsync(context)).ToStringValue();
 
-                    var references = await contentQueryService.QueryAsync(appContext, new List<DomainId> { id });
+                    var domainId = DomainId.Create(id);
+                    var domainIds = new List<DomainId> { domainId };
+
+                    var references = await contentQueryService.QueryAsync(appContext, domainIds);
                     var reference = references.FirstOrDefault();
 
                     if (reference != null)

backend/src/Squidex.Domain.Apps.Entities/Q.cs

@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ namespace Squidex.Domain.Apps.Entities
 
                     foreach (var id in ids.Split(','))
                     {
-                        idsList.Add(id);
+                        idsList.Add(DomainId.Create(id));
                     }
 
                     c.Ids = idsList;

backend/src/Squidex.Domain.Apps.Entities/Rules/Runner/RuleRunnerGrain.cs

@@ -143,7 +143,7 @@ namespace Squidex.Domain.Apps.Entities.Rules.Runner
             {
                 currentReminder = await RegisterOrUpdateReminder("KeepAlive", TimeSpan.Zero, TimeSpan.FromMinutes(2));
 
-                var rules = await appProvider.GetRulesAsync(Key);
+                var rules = await appProvider.GetRulesAsync(DomainId.Create(Key));
 
                 var rule = rules.Find(x => x.Id == job.RuleId);
 

backend/src/Squidex.Infrastructure.MongoDb/MongoDb/MongoEntity.cs

@@ -1,27 +0,0 @@
-// ==========================================================================
-//  Squidex Headless CMS
-// ==========================================================================
-//  Copyright (c) Squidex UG (haftungsbeschränkt)
-//  All rights reserved. Licensed under the MIT license.
-// ==========================================================================
-
-using MongoDB.Bson.Serialization.Attributes;
-using NodaTime;
-
-namespace Squidex.Infrastructure.MongoDb
-{
-    public abstract class MongoEntity
-    {
-        [BsonId]
-        [BsonElement]
-        public string DocumentId { get; set; }
-
-        [BsonRequired]
-        [BsonElement]
-        public Instant Created { get; set; }
-
-        [BsonRequired]
-        [BsonElement]
-        public Instant LastModified { get; set; }
-    }
-}

backend/src/Squidex.Infrastructure/Commands/DomainObject.cs

@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ namespace Squidex.Infrastructure.Commands
 
         protected override void OnSetup()
         {
-            persistence = store.WithSnapshotsAndEventSourcing(GetType(), UniqueId.ToString(), new HandleSnapshot<T>(ApplySnapshot), x => ApplyEvent(x, true));
+            persistence = store.WithSnapshotsAndEventSourcing(GetType(), UniqueId, new HandleSnapshot<T>(ApplySnapshot), x => ApplyEvent(x, true));
         }
 
         protected sealed override bool ApplyEvent(Envelope<IEvent> @event, bool isLoading)

backend/src/Squidex.Infrastructure/Commands/DomainObjectGrain.cs

@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ namespace Squidex.Infrastructure.Commands
 
         protected override Task OnActivateAsync(string key)
         {
-            domainObject.Setup(key);
+            domainObject.Setup(DomainId.Create(key));
 
             return base.OnActivateAsync(key);
         }

backend/src/Squidex.Infrastructure/Commands/LogSnapshotDomainObject.cs

@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ namespace Squidex.Infrastructure.Commands
 
         protected override void OnSetup()
         {
-            persistence = store.WithEventSourcing(GetType(), UniqueId.ToString(), x => ApplyEvent(x, true));
+            persistence = store.WithEventSourcing(GetType(), UniqueId, x => ApplyEvent(x, true));
         }
 
         public T GetSnapshot(long version)
@@ -82,7 +82,7 @@ namespace Squidex.Infrastructure.Commands
                 var persistedSnapshots = store.GetSnapshotStore<T>();
 
                 await persistence.WriteEventsAsync(newEvents);
-                await persistedSnapshots.WriteAsync(UniqueId.ToString(), Snapshot, previousVersion, Snapshot.Version);
+                await persistedSnapshots.WriteAsync(UniqueId, Snapshot, previousVersion, Snapshot.Version);
             }
         }
 
@@ -107,7 +107,7 @@ namespace Squidex.Infrastructure.Commands
             {
                 var persistedSnapshots = store.GetSnapshotStore<T>();
 
-                await persistedSnapshots.WriteAsync(UniqueId.ToString(), Snapshot, EtagVersion.Any, Snapshot.Version);
+                await persistedSnapshots.WriteAsync(UniqueId, Snapshot, EtagVersion.Any, Snapshot.Version);
             }
         }
 

backend/src/Squidex.Infrastructure/DomainId.cs

@@ -79,16 +79,6 @@ namespace Squidex.Infrastructure
             return string.Compare(id, other.id, StringComparison.Ordinal);
         }
 
-        public static implicit operator DomainId(string value)
-        {
-            return Create(value);
-        }
-
-        public static implicit operator DomainId(Guid value)
-        {
-            return Create(value);
-        }
-
         public static bool operator ==(DomainId lhs, DomainId rhs)
         {
             return lhs.Equals(rhs);

backend/src/Squidex.Infrastructure/DomainIdTypeConverter.cs

@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ namespace Squidex.Infrastructure
     {
         public override bool CanConvertFrom(ITypeDescriptorContext context, Type sourceType)
         {
-            return sourceType == typeof(string) && sourceType == typeof(Guid);
+            return sourceType == typeof(string) || sourceType == typeof(Guid);
         }
 
         public override bool CanConvertTo(ITypeDescriptorContext context, Type destinationType)

backend/src/Squidex.Infrastructure/EventSourcing/EnvelopeExtensions.cs

@@ -53,7 +53,7 @@ namespace Squidex.Infrastructure.EventSourcing
 
         public static DomainId AggregateId(this EnvelopeHeaders headers)
         {
-            return headers.GetString(CommonHeaders.AggregateId);
+            return DomainId.Create(headers.GetString(CommonHeaders.AggregateId));
         }
 
         public static Envelope<T> SetAggregateId<T>(this Envelope<T> envelope, DomainId value) where T : class, IEvent

backend/src/Squidex.Infrastructure/Json/Newtonsoft/NamedDomainIdConverter.cs

@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ namespace Squidex.Infrastructure.Json.Newtonsoft
 
             if (!NamedId<DomainId>.TryParse(value, Parser, out var result))
             {
-                throw new JsonException("Named id must have at least 2 parts divided by commata.");
+                throw new JsonException("Named id must have at least 2 parts divided by comma.");
             }
 
             return result;
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ namespace Squidex.Infrastructure.Json.Newtonsoft
 
         private static bool ParseString(ReadOnlySpan<char> value, out DomainId result)
         {
-            result = new string(value);
+            result = DomainId.Create(new string(value));
 
             return true;
         }

backend/src/Squidex.Web/Pipeline/SchemaResolver.cs

@@ -60,7 +60,9 @@ namespace Squidex.Web.Pipeline
 
             if (Guid.TryParse(schemaIdOrName, out var guid))
             {
-                return appProvider.GetSchemaAsync(appId, guid, false, canCache);
+                var schemaId = DomainId.Create(guid);
+
+                return appProvider.GetSchemaAsync(appId, schemaId, false, canCache);
             }
             else
             {

backend/src/Squidex/Areas/Api/Controllers/Apps/AppPatternsController.cs

@@ -11,6 +11,7 @@ using Microsoft.Net.Http.Headers;
 using Squidex.Areas.Api.Controllers.Apps.Models;
 using Squidex.Domain.Apps.Entities.Apps;
 using Squidex.Domain.Apps.Entities.Apps.Commands;
+using Squidex.Infrastructure;
 using Squidex.Infrastructure.Commands;
 using Squidex.Shared;
 using Squidex.Web;
@@ -96,7 +97,7 @@ namespace Squidex.Areas.Api.Controllers.Apps
         [ProducesResponseType(typeof(PatternsDto), 200)]
         [ApiPermissionOrAnonymous(Permissions.AppPatternsUpdate)]
         [ApiCosts(1)]
-        public async Task<IActionResult> PutPattern(string app, string id, [FromBody] UpdatePatternDto request)
+        public async Task<IActionResult> PutPattern(string app, DomainId id, [FromBody] UpdatePatternDto request)
         {
             var command = request.ToUpdateCommand(id);
 
@@ -122,7 +123,7 @@ namespace Squidex.Areas.Api.Controllers.Apps
         [ProducesResponseType(typeof(PatternsDto), 200)]
         [ApiPermissionOrAnonymous(Permissions.AppPatternsDelete)]
         [ApiCosts(1)]
-        public async Task<IActionResult> DeletePattern(string app, string id)
+        public async Task<IActionResult> DeletePattern(string app, DomainId id)
         {
             var command = new DeletePattern { PatternId = id };
 

backend/src/Squidex/Areas/Api/Controllers/Apps/AppWorkflowsController.cs

@@ -12,6 +12,7 @@ using Squidex.Areas.Api.Controllers.Apps.Models;
 using Squidex.Domain.Apps.Entities.Apps;
 using Squidex.Domain.Apps.Entities.Apps.Commands;
 using Squidex.Domain.Apps.Entities.Contents;
+using Squidex.Infrastructure;
 using Squidex.Infrastructure.Commands;
 using Squidex.Shared;
 using Squidex.Web;
@@ -97,7 +98,7 @@ namespace Squidex.Areas.Api.Controllers.Apps
         [ProducesResponseType(typeof(WorkflowsDto), 200)]
         [ApiPermissionOrAnonymous(Permissions.AppWorkflowsUpdate)]
         [ApiCosts(1)]
-        public async Task<IActionResult> PutWorkflow(string app, string id, [FromBody] UpdateWorkflowDto request)
+        public async Task<IActionResult> PutWorkflow(string app, DomainId id, [FromBody] UpdateWorkflowDto request)
         {
             var command = request.ToCommand(id);
 
@@ -120,7 +121,7 @@ namespace Squidex.Areas.Api.Controllers.Apps
         [ProducesResponseType(typeof(WorkflowsDto), 200)]
         [ApiPermissionOrAnonymous(Permissions.AppWorkflowsUpdate)]
         [ApiCosts(1)]
-        public async Task<IActionResult> DeleteWorkflow(string app, string id)
+        public async Task<IActionResult> DeleteWorkflow(string app, DomainId id)
         {
             var command = new DeleteWorkflow { WorkflowId = id };
 

backend/src/Squidex/Areas/Api/Controllers/Apps/Models/UpdatePatternDto.cs

@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@
 // ==========================================================================
 
 using Squidex.Domain.Apps.Entities.Apps.Commands;
+using Squidex.Infrastructure;
 using Squidex.Infrastructure.Reflection;
 using Squidex.Infrastructure.Validation;
 
@@ -35,7 +36,7 @@ namespace Squidex.Areas.Api.Controllers.Apps.Models
             return SimpleMapper.Map(this, new AddPattern());
         }
 
-        public UpdatePattern ToUpdateCommand(string id)
+        public UpdatePattern ToUpdateCommand(DomainId id)
         {
             return SimpleMapper.Map(this, new UpdatePattern { PatternId = id });
         }

backend/src/Squidex/Areas/Api/Controllers/Apps/Models/UpdateWorkflowDto.cs

@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ namespace Squidex.Areas.Api.Controllers.Apps.Models
         [LocalizedRequired]
         public Status Initial { get; set; }
 
-        public UpdateWorkflow ToCommand(string id)
+        public UpdateWorkflow ToCommand(DomainId id)
         {
             var workflow = new Workflow(
                 Initial,

backend/src/Squidex/Areas/Api/Controllers/Assets/AssetContentController.cs

@@ -73,7 +73,7 @@ namespace Squidex.Areas.Api.Controllers.Assets
         [AllowAnonymous]
         public async Task<IActionResult> GetAssetContentBySlug(string app, string idOrSlug, [FromQuery] AssetContentQueryDto queries, string? more = null)
         {
-            var asset = await assetRepository.FindAssetAsync(AppId, idOrSlug);
+            var asset = await assetRepository.FindAssetAsync(AppId, DomainId.Create(idOrSlug));
 
             if (asset == null)
             {
@@ -99,7 +99,7 @@ namespace Squidex.Areas.Api.Controllers.Assets
         [ApiCosts(0.5)]
         [AllowAnonymous]
         [Obsolete]
-        public async Task<IActionResult> GetAssetContent(string id, [FromQuery] AssetContentQueryDto queries)
+        public async Task<IActionResult> GetAssetContent(DomainId id, [FromQuery] AssetContentQueryDto queries)
         {
             var asset = await assetRepository.FindAssetAsync(id);
 

backend/src/Squidex/Areas/Api/Controllers/Assets/AssetFoldersController.cs

@@ -11,6 +11,7 @@ using Microsoft.Net.Http.Headers;
 using Squidex.Areas.Api.Controllers.Assets.Models;
 using Squidex.Domain.Apps.Entities.Assets;
 using Squidex.Domain.Apps.Entities.Assets.Commands;
+using Squidex.Infrastructure;
 using Squidex.Infrastructure.Commands;
 using Squidex.Infrastructure.Tasks;
 using Squidex.Shared;
@@ -49,11 +50,13 @@ namespace Squidex.Areas.Api.Controllers.Assets
         [ProducesResponseType(typeof(AssetsDto), 200)]
         [ApiPermissionOrAnonymous(Permissions.AppAssetsRead)]
         [ApiCosts(1)]
-        public async Task<IActionResult> GetAssetFolders(string app, [FromQuery] string parentId)
+        public async Task<IActionResult> GetAssetFolders(string app, [FromQuery] DomainId parentId)
         {
-            var (folders, path) = await AsyncHelper.WhenAll(
+            var (folders, path) =
-                assetQuery.QueryAssetFoldersAsync(Context, parentId),
+                await AsyncHelper.WhenAll(
-                assetQuery.FindAssetFolderAsync(Context.App.Id, parentId));
+                    assetQuery.QueryAssetFoldersAsync(Context, parentId),
+                    assetQuery.FindAssetFolderAsync(Context.App.Id, parentId)
+                );
 
             var response = Deferred.Response(() =>
             {
@@ -106,7 +109,7 @@ namespace Squidex.Areas.Api.Controllers.Assets
         [AssetRequestSizeLimit]
         [ApiPermissionOrAnonymous(Permissions.AppAssetsUpdate)]
         [ApiCosts(1)]
-        public async Task<IActionResult> PutAssetFolder(string app, string id, [FromBody] RenameAssetFolderDto request)
+        public async Task<IActionResult> PutAssetFolder(string app, DomainId id, [FromBody] RenameAssetFolderDto request)
         {
             var command = request.ToCommand(id);
 
@@ -131,7 +134,7 @@ namespace Squidex.Areas.Api.Controllers.Assets
         [AssetRequestSizeLimit]
         [ApiPermissionOrAnonymous(Permissions.AppAssetsUpdate)]
         [ApiCosts(1)]
-        public async Task<IActionResult> PutAssetFolderParent(string app, string id, [FromBody] MoveAssetItemDto request)
+        public async Task<IActionResult> PutAssetFolderParent(string app, DomainId id, [FromBody] MoveAssetItemDto request)
         {
             var command = request.ToFolderCommand(id);
 
@@ -153,7 +156,7 @@ namespace Squidex.Areas.Api.Controllers.Assets
         [Route("apps/{app}/assets/folders/{id}/", Order = -1)]
         [ApiPermissionOrAnonymous(Permissions.AppAssetsUpdate)]
         [ApiCosts(1)]
-        public async Task<IActionResult> DeleteAssetFolder(string app, string id)
+        public async Task<IActionResult> DeleteAssetFolder(string app, DomainId id)
         {
             await CommandBus.PublishAsync(new DeleteAssetFolder { AssetFolderId = id });
 

backend/src/Squidex/Areas/Api/Controllers/Assets/AssetsController.cs

@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ using Squidex.Domain.Apps.Entities;
 using Squidex.Domain.Apps.Entities.Apps.Plans;
 using Squidex.Domain.Apps.Entities.Assets;
 using Squidex.Domain.Apps.Entities.Assets.Commands;
+using Squidex.Infrastructure;
 using Squidex.Infrastructure.Assets;
 using Squidex.Infrastructure.Commands;
 using Squidex.Infrastructure.Translations;
@@ -96,7 +97,7 @@ namespace Squidex.Areas.Api.Controllers.Assets
         [ApiCosts(1)]
         public async Task<IActionResult> GetAssets(string app, [FromQuery] string? parentId, [FromQuery] string? ids = null, [FromQuery] string? q = null)
         {
-            var assets = await assetQuery.QueryAsync(Context, parentId!, CreateQuery(ids, q));
+            var assets = await assetQuery.QueryAsync(Context, DomainId.CreateNullable(parentId), CreateQuery(ids, q));
 
             var response = Deferred.Response(() =>
             {
@@ -149,7 +150,7 @@ namespace Squidex.Areas.Api.Controllers.Assets
         [ProducesResponseType(typeof(AssetDto), 200)]
         [ApiPermissionOrAnonymous(Permissions.AppAssetsRead)]
         [ApiCosts(1)]
-        public async Task<IActionResult> GetAsset(string app, string id)
+        public async Task<IActionResult> GetAsset(string app, DomainId id)
         {
             var asset = await assetQuery.FindAssetAsync(Context, id);
 
@@ -188,15 +189,15 @@ namespace Squidex.Areas.Api.Controllers.Assets
         [AssetRequestSizeLimit]
         [ApiPermissionOrAnonymous(Permissions.AppAssetsCreate)]
         [ApiCosts(1)]
-        public async Task<IActionResult> PostAsset(string app, [FromQuery] string parentId, IFormFile file, [FromQuery] string? id = null, [FromQuery] bool duplicate = false)
+        public async Task<IActionResult> PostAsset(string app, [FromQuery] DomainId parentId, IFormFile file, [FromQuery] DomainId? id = null, [FromQuery] bool duplicate = false)
         {
             var assetFile = await CheckAssetFileAsync(file);
 
             var command = new CreateAsset { File = assetFile, ParentId = parentId, Duplicate = duplicate };
 
-            if (!string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(id))
+            if (id != null && id.Value != default && !string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(id.Value.ToString()))
             {
-                command.AssetId = id;
+                command.AssetId = id.Value;
             }
 
             var response = await InvokeCommandAsync(command);
@@ -223,7 +224,7 @@ namespace Squidex.Areas.Api.Controllers.Assets
         [ProducesResponseType(typeof(AssetDto), 200)]
         [ApiPermissionOrAnonymous(Permissions.AppAssetsUpload)]
         [ApiCosts(1)]
-        public async Task<IActionResult> PutAssetContent(string app, string id, IFormFile file)
+        public async Task<IActionResult> PutAssetContent(string app, DomainId id, IFormFile file)
         {
             var assetFile = await CheckAssetFileAsync(file);
 
@@ -251,7 +252,7 @@ namespace Squidex.Areas.Api.Controllers.Assets
         [AssetRequestSizeLimit]
         [ApiPermissionOrAnonymous(Permissions.AppAssetsUpdate)]
         [ApiCosts(1)]
-        public async Task<IActionResult> PutAsset(string app, string id, [FromBody] AnnotateAssetDto request)
+        public async Task<IActionResult> PutAsset(string app, DomainId id, [FromBody] AnnotateAssetDto request)
         {
             var command = request.ToCommand(id);
 
@@ -276,7 +277,7 @@ namespace Squidex.Areas.Api.Controllers.Assets
         [AssetRequestSizeLimit]
         [ApiPermissionOrAnonymous(Permissions.AppAssetsUpdate)]
         [ApiCosts(1)]
-        public async Task<IActionResult> PutAssetParent(string app, string id, [FromBody] MoveAssetItemDto request)
+        public async Task<IActionResult> PutAssetParent(string app, DomainId id, [FromBody] MoveAssetItemDto request)
         {
             var command = request.ToCommand(id);
 
@@ -299,7 +300,7 @@ namespace Squidex.Areas.Api.Controllers.Assets
         [Route("apps/{app}/assets/{id}/")]
         [ApiPermissionOrAnonymous(Permissions.AppAssetsDelete)]
         [ApiCosts(1)]
-        public async Task<IActionResult> DeleteAsset(string app, string id, [FromQuery] bool checkReferrers = false)
+        public async Task<IActionResult> DeleteAsset(string app, DomainId id, [FromQuery] bool checkReferrers = false)
         {
             await CommandBus.PublishAsync(new DeleteAsset { AssetId = id, CheckReferrers = checkReferrers });
 

backend/src/Squidex/Areas/Api/Controllers/Assets/Models/AnnotateAssetDto.cs

@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@
 using System.Collections.Generic;
 using Squidex.Domain.Apps.Core.Assets;
 using Squidex.Domain.Apps.Entities.Assets.Commands;
+using Squidex.Infrastructure;
 using Squidex.Infrastructure.Reflection;
 
 namespace Squidex.Areas.Api.Controllers.Assets.Models
@@ -39,7 +40,7 @@ namespace Squidex.Areas.Api.Controllers.Assets.Models
         /// </summary>
         public AssetMetadata? Metadata { get; set; }
 
-        public AnnotateAsset ToCommand(string id)
+        public AnnotateAsset ToCommand(DomainId id)
         {
             return SimpleMapper.Map(this, new AnnotateAsset { AssetId = id });
         }

backend/src/Squidex/Areas/Api/Controllers/Assets/Models/MoveAssetItemDto.cs

@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ namespace Squidex.Areas.Api.Controllers.Assets.Models
             return new MoveAsset { AssetId = id, ParentId = ParentId };
         }
 
-        public MoveAssetFolder ToFolderCommand(string id)
+        public MoveAssetFolder ToFolderCommand(DomainId id)
         {
             return new MoveAssetFolder { AssetFolderId = id, ParentId = ParentId };
         }

backend/src/Squidex/Areas/Api/Controllers/Assets/Models/RenameAssetFolderDto.cs

@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@
 // ==========================================================================
 
 using Squidex.Domain.Apps.Entities.Assets.Commands;
+using Squidex.Infrastructure;
 using Squidex.Infrastructure.Reflection;
 using Squidex.Infrastructure.Validation;
 
@@ -19,7 +20,7 @@ namespace Squidex.Areas.Api.Controllers.Assets.Models
         [LocalizedRequired]
         public string FolderName { get; set; }
 
-        public RenameAssetFolder ToCommand(string id)
+        public RenameAssetFolder ToCommand(DomainId id)
         {
             return SimpleMapper.Map(this, new RenameAssetFolder { AssetFolderId = id });
         }

backend/src/Squidex/Areas/Api/Controllers/Backups/BackupContentController.cs

@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@ using System.Threading.Tasks;
 using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Authorization;
 using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc;
 using Squidex.Domain.Apps.Entities.Backup;
+using Squidex.Infrastructure;
 using Squidex.Infrastructure.Commands;
 using Squidex.Web;
 
@@ -47,7 +48,7 @@ namespace Squidex.Areas.Api.Controllers.Backups
         [ProducesResponseType(typeof(FileResult), 200)]
         [ApiCosts(0)]
         [AllowAnonymous]
-        public async Task<IActionResult> GetBackupContent(string app, string id)
+        public async Task<IActionResult> GetBackupContent(string app, DomainId id)
         {
             var backup = await backupservice.GetBackupAsync(AppId, id);
 

backend/src/Squidex/Areas/Api/Controllers/Backups/BackupsController.cs

@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@ using System.Threading.Tasks;
 using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc;
 using Squidex.Areas.Api.Controllers.Backups.Models;
 using Squidex.Domain.Apps.Entities.Backup;
+using Squidex.Infrastructure;
 using Squidex.Infrastructure.Commands;
 using Squidex.Infrastructure.Security;
 using Squidex.Infrastructure.Tasks;
@@ -88,7 +89,7 @@ namespace Squidex.Areas.Api.Controllers.Backups
         [ProducesResponseType(typeof(List<BackupJobDto>), 200)]
         [ApiPermissionOrAnonymous(Permissions.AppBackupsDelete)]
         [ApiCosts(0)]
-        public async Task<IActionResult> DeleteBackup(string app, string id)
+        public async Task<IActionResult> DeleteBackup(string app, DomainId id)
         {
             await backupService.DeleteBackupAsync(AppId, id);
 

backend/src/Squidex/Areas/Api/Controllers/Comments/CommentsController.cs

@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ namespace Squidex.Areas.Api.Controllers.Comments
         [ProducesResponseType(typeof(CommentsDto), 200)]
         [ApiPermissionOrAnonymous(Permissions.AppCommentsRead)]
         [ApiCosts(0)]
-        public async Task<IActionResult> GetComments(string app, string commentsId, [FromQuery] long version = EtagVersion.Any)
+        public async Task<IActionResult> GetComments(string app, DomainId commentsId, [FromQuery] long version = EtagVersion.Any)
         {
             var result = await commentsLoader.GetCommentsAsync(commentsId, version);
 
@@ -80,7 +80,7 @@ namespace Squidex.Areas.Api.Controllers.Comments
         [ProducesResponseType(typeof(CommentDto), 201)]
         [ApiPermissionOrAnonymous(Permissions.AppCommentsCreate)]
         [ApiCosts(0)]
-        public async Task<IActionResult> PostComment(string app, string commentsId, [FromBody] UpsertCommentDto request)
+        public async Task<IActionResult> PostComment(string app, DomainId commentsId, [FromBody] UpsertCommentDto request)
         {
             var command = request.ToCreateCommand(commentsId);
 
@@ -107,9 +107,11 @@ namespace Squidex.Areas.Api.Controllers.Comments
         [Route("apps/{app}/comments/{commentsId}/{commentId}")]
         [ApiPermissionOrAnonymous(Permissions.AppCommentsUpdate)]
         [ApiCosts(0)]
-        public async Task<IActionResult> PutComment(string app, string commentsId, string commentId, [FromBody] UpsertCommentDto request)
+        public async Task<IActionResult> PutComment(string app, DomainId commentsId, DomainId commentId, [FromBody] UpsertCommentDto request)
         {
-            await CommandBus.PublishAsync(request.ToUpdateComment(commentsId, commentId));
+            var command = request.ToUpdateComment(commentsId, commentId);
+
+            await CommandBus.PublishAsync(command);
 
             return NoContent();
         }
@@ -128,13 +130,11 @@ namespace Squidex.Areas.Api.Controllers.Comments
         [Route("apps/{app}/comments/{commentsId}/{commentId}")]
         [ApiPermissionOrAnonymous(Permissions.AppCommentsDelete)]
         [ApiCosts(0)]
-        public async Task<IActionResult> DeleteComment(string app, string commentsId, string commentId)
+        public async Task<IActionResult> DeleteComment(string app, DomainId commentsId, DomainId commentId)
         {
-            await CommandBus.PublishAsync(new DeleteComment
+            var command = new DeleteComment { CommentsId = commentsId, CommentId = commentId };
-            {
+
-                CommentsId = commentsId,
+            await CommandBus.PublishAsync(command);
-                CommentId = commentId
-            });
 
             return NoContent();
         }

backend/src/Squidex/Areas/Api/Controllers/Comments/Models/UpsertCommentDto.cs

@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@
 
 using System;
 using Squidex.Domain.Apps.Entities.Comments.Commands;
+using Squidex.Infrastructure;
 using Squidex.Infrastructure.Reflection;
 using Squidex.Infrastructure.Validation;
 
@@ -25,12 +26,12 @@ namespace Squidex.Areas.Api.Controllers.Comments.Models
         /// </summary>
         public Uri? Url { get; set; }
 
-        public CreateComment ToCreateCommand(string commentsId)
+        public CreateComment ToCreateCommand(DomainId commentsId)
         {
             return SimpleMapper.Map(this, new CreateComment { CommentsId = commentsId });
         }
 
-        public UpdateComment ToUpdateComment(string commentsId, string commentId)
+        public UpdateComment ToUpdateComment(DomainId commentsId, DomainId commentId)
         {
             return SimpleMapper.Map(this, new UpdateComment { CommentsId = commentsId, CommentId = commentId });
         }

backend/src/Squidex/Areas/Api/Controllers/Comments/Notifications/UserNotificationsController.cs

@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ namespace Squidex.Areas.Api.Controllers.Comments.Notifications
         [Route("users/{userId}/notifications")]
         [ProducesResponseType(typeof(CommentsDto), 200)]
         [ApiPermission]
-        public async Task<IActionResult> GetNotifications(string userId, [FromQuery] long version = EtagVersion.Any)
+        public async Task<IActionResult> GetNotifications(DomainId userId, [FromQuery] long version = EtagVersion.Any)
         {
             CheckPermissions(userId);
 
@@ -77,23 +77,25 @@ namespace Squidex.Areas.Api.Controllers.Comments.Notifications
         [HttpDelete]
         [Route("users/{userId}/notifications/{commentId}")]
         [ApiPermission]
-        public async Task<IActionResult> DeleteComment(string userId, string commentId)
+        public async Task<IActionResult> DeleteComment(DomainId userId, DomainId commentId)
         {
             CheckPermissions(userId);
 
-            await CommandBus.PublishAsync(new DeleteComment
+            var commmand = new DeleteComment
             {
                 AppId = NoApp,
                 CommentsId = userId,
                 CommentId = commentId
-            });
+            };
+
+            await CommandBus.PublishAsync(commmand);
 
             return NoContent();
         }
 
-        private void CheckPermissions(string userId)
+        private void CheckPermissions(DomainId userId)
         {
-            if (!string.Equals(userId, User.OpenIdSubject()))
+            if (!string.Equals(userId.ToString(), User.OpenIdSubject()))
             {
                 throw new DomainForbiddenException(T.Get("comments.noPermissions"));
             }

backend/src/Squidex/Areas/Api/Controllers/Contents/ContentsController.cs

@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@ using Squidex.Domain.Apps.Entities;
 using Squidex.Domain.Apps.Entities.Contents;
 using Squidex.Domain.Apps.Entities.Contents.Commands;
 using Squidex.Domain.Apps.Entities.Contents.GraphQL;
+using Squidex.Infrastructure;
 using Squidex.Infrastructure.Commands;
 using Squidex.Shared;
 using Squidex.Web;
@@ -275,7 +276,7 @@ namespace Squidex.Areas.Api.Controllers.Contents
         [ProducesResponseType(typeof(ContentsDto), 200)]
         [ApiPermissionOrAnonymous]
         [ApiCosts(1)]
-        public async Task<IActionResult> GetContent(string app, string name, string id)
+        public async Task<IActionResult> GetContent(string app, string name, DomainId id)
         {
             var content = await contentQuery.FindContentAsync(Context, name, id);
 
@@ -303,7 +304,7 @@ namespace Squidex.Areas.Api.Controllers.Contents
         [Route("content/{app}/{name}/{id}/{version}/")]
         [ApiPermissionOrAnonymous(Permissions.AppContentsRead)]
         [ApiCosts(1)]
-        public async Task<IActionResult> GetContentVersion(string app, string name, string id, int version)
+        public async Task<IActionResult> GetContentVersion(string app, string name, DomainId id, int version)
         {
             var content = await contentQuery.FindContentAsync(Context, name, id, version);
 
@@ -333,13 +334,13 @@ namespace Squidex.Areas.Api.Controllers.Contents
         [ProducesResponseType(typeof(ContentsDto), 201)]
         [ApiPermissionOrAnonymous(Permissions.AppContentsCreate)]
         [ApiCosts(1)]
-        public async Task<IActionResult> PostContent(string app, string name, [FromBody] NamedContentData request, [FromQuery] bool publish = false, [FromQuery] string? id = null)
+        public async Task<IActionResult> PostContent(string app, string name, [FromBody] NamedContentData request, [FromQuery] bool publish = false, [FromQuery] DomainId? id = null)
         {
             var command = new CreateContent { Data = request.ToCleaned(), Publish = publish };
 
-            if (!string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(id))
+            if (id != null && id.Value != default && !string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(id.Value.ToString()))
             {
-                command.ContentId = id;
+                command.ContentId = id.Value;
             }
 
             var response = await InvokeCommandAsync(command);
@@ -430,7 +431,7 @@ namespace Squidex.Areas.Api.Controllers.Contents
         [ProducesResponseType(typeof(ContentsDto), 200)]
         [ApiPermissionOrAnonymous(Permissions.AppContentsUpdate)]
         [ApiCosts(1)]
-        public async Task<IActionResult> PostContent(string app, string name, string id, [FromBody] NamedContentData request, [FromQuery] bool publish = false)
+        public async Task<IActionResult> PostContent(string app, string name, DomainId id, [FromBody] NamedContentData request, [FromQuery] bool publish = false)
         {
             var command = new UpsertContent { ContentId = id, Data = request.ToCleaned(), Publish = publish };
 
@@ -459,7 +460,7 @@ namespace Squidex.Areas.Api.Controllers.Contents
         [ProducesResponseType(typeof(ContentsDto), 200)]
         [ApiPermissionOrAnonymous(Permissions.AppContentsUpdate)]
         [ApiCosts(1)]
-        public async Task<IActionResult> PutContent(string app, string name, string id, [FromBody] NamedContentData request)
+        public async Task<IActionResult> PutContent(string app, string name, DomainId id, [FromBody] NamedContentData request)
         {
             var command = new UpdateContent { ContentId = id, Data = request.ToCleaned() };
 
@@ -488,7 +489,7 @@ namespace Squidex.Areas.Api.Controllers.Contents
         [ProducesResponseType(typeof(ContentsDto), 200)]
         [ApiPermissionOrAnonymous(Permissions.AppContentsUpdate)]
         [ApiCosts(1)]
-        public async Task<IActionResult> PatchContent(string app, string name, string id, [FromBody] NamedContentData request)
+        public async Task<IActionResult> PatchContent(string app, string name, DomainId id, [FromBody] NamedContentData request)
         {
             var command = new PatchContent { ContentId = id, Data = request.ToCleaned() };
 
@@ -517,7 +518,7 @@ namespace Squidex.Areas.Api.Controllers.Contents
         [ProducesResponseType(typeof(ContentsDto), 200)]
         [ApiPermissionOrAnonymous(Permissions.AppContentsUpdate)]
         [ApiCosts(1)]
-        public async Task<IActionResult> PutContentStatus(string app, string name, string id, ChangeStatusDto request)
+        public async Task<IActionResult> PutContentStatus(string app, string name, DomainId id, ChangeStatusDto request)
         {
             var command = request.ToCommand(id);
 
@@ -544,7 +545,7 @@ namespace Squidex.Areas.Api.Controllers.Contents
         [ProducesResponseType(typeof(ContentsDto), 200)]
         [ApiPermissionOrAnonymous(Permissions.AppContentsVersionCreate)]
         [ApiCosts(1)]
-        public async Task<IActionResult> CreateDraft(string app, string name, string id)
+        public async Task<IActionResult> CreateDraft(string app, string name, DomainId id)
         {
             var command = new CreateContentDraft { ContentId = id };
 
@@ -571,7 +572,7 @@ namespace Squidex.Areas.Api.Controllers.Contents
         [ProducesResponseType(typeof(ContentsDto), 200)]
         [ApiPermissionOrAnonymous(Permissions.AppContentsDelete)]
         [ApiCosts(1)]
-        public async Task<IActionResult> DeleteVersion(string app, string name, string id)
+        public async Task<IActionResult> DeleteVersion(string app, string name, DomainId id)
         {
             var command = new DeleteContentDraft { ContentId = id };
 
@@ -598,7 +599,7 @@ namespace Squidex.Areas.Api.Controllers.Contents
         [Route("content/{app}/{name}/{id}/")]
         [ApiPermissionOrAnonymous(Permissions.AppContentsDelete)]
         [ApiCosts(1)]
-        public async Task<IActionResult> DeleteContent(string app, string name, string id, [FromQuery] bool checkReferrers = false)
+        public async Task<IActionResult> DeleteContent(string app, string name, DomainId id, [FromQuery] bool checkReferrers = false)
         {
             var command = new DeleteContent { ContentId = id, CheckReferrers = checkReferrers };
 

backend/src/Squidex/Areas/Api/Controllers/Contents/Models/ChangeStatusDto.cs

@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@
 using NodaTime;
 using Squidex.Domain.Apps.Core.Contents;
 using Squidex.Domain.Apps.Entities.Contents.Commands;
+using Squidex.Infrastructure;
 using Squidex.Infrastructure.Validation;
 
 namespace Squidex.Areas.Api.Controllers.Contents.Models
@@ -25,7 +26,7 @@ namespace Squidex.Areas.Api.Controllers.Contents.Models
         /// </summary>
         public Instant? DueTime { get; set; }
 
-        public ChangeContentStatus ToCommand(string id)
+        public ChangeContentStatus ToCommand(DomainId id)
         {
             return new ChangeContentStatus { ContentId = id, Status = Status, DueTime = DueTime };
         }

backend/src/Squidex/Areas/Api/Controllers/Rules/Models/UpdateRuleDto.cs

@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@
 using Newtonsoft.Json;
 using Squidex.Domain.Apps.Core.Rules;
 using Squidex.Domain.Apps.Entities.Rules.Commands;
+using Squidex.Infrastructure;
 
 namespace Squidex.Areas.Api.Controllers.Rules.Models
 {
@@ -29,7 +30,7 @@ namespace Squidex.Areas.Api.Controllers.Rules.Models
         [JsonConverter(typeof(RuleActionConverter))]
         public RuleAction Action { get; set; }
 
-        public UpdateRule ToCommand(string id)
+        public UpdateRule ToCommand(DomainId id)
         {
             var command = new UpdateRule { RuleId = id, Action = Action, Name = Name };
 

backend/src/Squidex/Areas/Api/Controllers/Rules/RulesController.cs

@@ -159,7 +159,7 @@ namespace Squidex.Areas.Api.Controllers.Rules
         [ProducesResponseType(typeof(RuleDto), 200)]
         [ApiPermissionOrAnonymous(Permissions.AppRulesUpdate)]
         [ApiCosts(1)]
-        public async Task<IActionResult> PutRule(string app, string id, [FromBody] UpdateRuleDto request)
+        public async Task<IActionResult> PutRule(string app, DomainId id, [FromBody] UpdateRuleDto request)
         {
             var command = request.ToCommand(id);
 
@@ -182,7 +182,7 @@ namespace Squidex.Areas.Api.Controllers.Rules
         [ProducesResponseType(typeof(RuleDto), 200)]
         [ApiPermissionOrAnonymous(Permissions.AppRulesDisable)]
         [ApiCosts(1)]
-        public async Task<IActionResult> EnableRule(string app, string id)
+        public async Task<IActionResult> EnableRule(string app, DomainId id)
         {
             var command = new EnableRule { RuleId = id };
 
@@ -205,7 +205,7 @@ namespace Squidex.Areas.Api.Controllers.Rules
         [ProducesResponseType(typeof(RuleDto), 200)]
         [ApiPermissionOrAnonymous(Permissions.AppRulesDisable)]
         [ApiCosts(1)]
-        public async Task<IActionResult> DisableRule(string app, string id)
+        public async Task<IActionResult> DisableRule(string app, DomainId id)
         {
             var command = new DisableRule { RuleId = id };
 
@@ -227,7 +227,7 @@ namespace Squidex.Areas.Api.Controllers.Rules
         [Route("apps/{app}/rules/{id}/trigger/")]
         [ApiPermissionOrAnonymous(Permissions.AppRulesEvents)]
         [ApiCosts(1)]
-        public async Task<IActionResult> TriggerRule(string app, string id)
+        public async Task<IActionResult> TriggerRule(string app, DomainId id)
         {
             var command = new TriggerRule { RuleId = id };
 
@@ -249,7 +249,7 @@ namespace Squidex.Areas.Api.Controllers.Rules
         [ProducesResponseType(204)]
         [ApiPermissionOrAnonymous(Permissions.AppRulesEvents)]
         [ApiCosts(1)]
-        public async Task<IActionResult> PutRuleRun(string app, string id)
+        public async Task<IActionResult> PutRuleRun(string app, DomainId id)
         {
             await ruleRunnerService.RunAsync(App.Id, id);
 
@@ -269,7 +269,7 @@ namespace Squidex.Areas.Api.Controllers.Rules
         [Route("apps/{app}/rules/{id}/")]
         [ApiPermissionOrAnonymous(Permissions.AppRulesDelete)]
         [ApiCosts(1)]
-        public async Task<IActionResult> DeleteRule(string app, string id)
+        public async Task<IActionResult> DeleteRule(string app, DomainId id)
         {
             await CommandBus.PublishAsync(new DeleteRule { RuleId = id });
 
@@ -292,9 +292,9 @@ namespace Squidex.Areas.Api.Controllers.Rules
         [ProducesResponseType(typeof(RuleEventsDto), 200)]
         [ApiPermissionOrAnonymous(Permissions.AppRulesRead)]
         [ApiCosts(0)]
-        public async Task<IActionResult> GetEvents(string app, [FromQuery] string? ruleId = null, [FromQuery] int skip = 0, [FromQuery] int take = 20)
+        public async Task<IActionResult> GetEvents(string app, [FromQuery] DomainId? ruleId = null, [FromQuery] int skip = 0, [FromQuery] int take = 20)
         {
-            var ruleEvents = await ruleEventsRepository.QueryByAppAsync(AppId, DomainId.CreateNullable(ruleId), skip, take);
+            var ruleEvents = await ruleEventsRepository.QueryByAppAsync(AppId, ruleId, skip, take);
 
             var response = RuleEventsDto.FromRuleEvents(ruleEvents, Resources);
 
@@ -314,7 +314,7 @@ namespace Squidex.Areas.Api.Controllers.Rules
         [Route("apps/{app}/rules/events/{id}/")]
         [ApiPermissionOrAnonymous(Permissions.AppRulesEvents)]
         [ApiCosts(0)]
-        public async Task<IActionResult> PutEvent(string app, string id)
+        public async Task<IActionResult> PutEvent(string app, DomainId id)
         {
             var ruleEvent = await ruleEventsRepository.FindAsync(id);
 
@@ -341,7 +341,7 @@ namespace Squidex.Areas.Api.Controllers.Rules
         [Route("apps/{app}/rules/events/{id}/")]
         [ApiPermissionOrAnonymous(Permissions.AppRulesEvents)]
         [ApiCosts(0)]
-        public async Task<IActionResult> DeleteEvent(string app, string id)
+        public async Task<IActionResult> DeleteEvent(string app, DomainId id)
         {
             var ruleEvent = await ruleEventsRepository.FindAsync(id);
 

backend/src/Squidex/Areas/Api/Controllers/Schemas/SchemasController.cs

@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@ using Squidex.Areas.Api.Controllers.Schemas.Models;
 using Squidex.Domain.Apps.Entities;
 using Squidex.Domain.Apps.Entities.Schemas;
 using Squidex.Domain.Apps.Entities.Schemas.Commands;
+using Squidex.Infrastructure;
 using Squidex.Infrastructure.Commands;
 using Squidex.Shared;
 using Squidex.Web;
@@ -80,7 +81,9 @@ namespace Squidex.Areas.Api.Controllers.Schemas
 
             if (Guid.TryParse(name, out var guid))
             {
-                schema = await appProvider.GetSchemaAsync(AppId, guid, false);
+                var schemaId = DomainId.Create(guid);
+
+                schema = await appProvider.GetSchemaAsync(AppId, schemaId, false);
             }
             else
             {

backend/src/Squidex/Areas/Api/Controllers/Statistics/UsagesController.cs

@@ -15,6 +15,7 @@ using Squidex.Areas.Api.Controllers.Statistics.Models;
 using Squidex.Domain.Apps.Entities.Apps;
 using Squidex.Domain.Apps.Entities.Apps.Plans;
 using Squidex.Domain.Apps.Entities.Assets;
+using Squidex.Infrastructure;
 using Squidex.Infrastructure.Commands;
 using Squidex.Infrastructure.UsageTracking;
 using Squidex.Shared;
@@ -170,7 +171,7 @@ namespace Squidex.Areas.Api.Controllers.Statistics
         [ApiExplorerSettings(IgnoreApi = true)]
         public IActionResult GetLogFile(string token)
         {
-            var appId = dataProtector.Unprotect(token);
+            var appId = DomainId.Create(dataProtector.Unprotect(token));
 
             var today = DateTime.UtcNow.Date;
 

backend/tests/Squidex.Domain.Apps.Core.Tests/Operations/HandleRules/RuleEventFormatterCompareTests.cs

@@ -38,8 +38,8 @@ namespace Squidex.Domain.Apps.Core.Operations.HandleRules
         private readonly NamedId<DomainId> appId = NamedId.Of(DomainId.NewGuid(), "my-app");
         private readonly NamedId<DomainId> schemaId = NamedId.Of(DomainId.NewGuid(), "my-schema");
         private readonly Instant now = SystemClock.Instance.GetCurrentInstant();
-        private readonly DomainId contentId = Guid.NewGuid();
+        private readonly DomainId contentId = DomainId.NewGuid();
-        private readonly DomainId assetId = Guid.NewGuid();
+        private readonly DomainId assetId = DomainId.NewGuid();
         private readonly RuleEventFormatter sut;
 
         private class FakeContentResolver : IRuleEventFormatter

backend/tests/Squidex.Domain.Apps.Entities.Tests/Comments/CommentsCommandMiddlewareTests.cs

@@ -156,7 +156,7 @@ namespace Squidex.Domain.Apps.Entities.Comments
         {
             command.Actor = actor;
             command.AppId = appId;
-            command.CommentsId = commentsId.ToString();
+            command.CommentsId = commentsId;
             command.CommentId = commentId;
 
             return command;

backend/tests/Squidex.Domain.Apps.Entities.Tests/Comments/CommentsLoaderTests.cs

@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ namespace Squidex.Domain.Apps.Entities.Comments
         [Fact]
         public async Task Should_get_comments_from_grain()
         {
-            var commentsId = DomainId.NewGuid().ToString();
+            var commentsId = DomainId.NewGuid();
             var comments = new CommentsResult();
 
             var grain = A.Fake<ICommentsGrain>();
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ namespace Squidex.Domain.Apps.Entities.Comments
             A.CallTo(() => grain.GetCommentsAsync(11))
                 .Returns(comments);
 
-            A.CallTo(() => grainFactory.GetGrain<ICommentsGrain>(commentsId, null))
+            A.CallTo(() => grainFactory.GetGrain<ICommentsGrain>(commentsId.ToString(), null))
                 .Returns(grain);
 
             var result = await sut.GetCommentsAsync(commentsId, 11);

backend/tests/Squidex.Domain.Apps.Entities.Tests/Contents/GraphQL/GraphQLMutationTests.cs

@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ namespace Squidex.Domain.Apps.Entities.Contents.GraphQL
 {
     public class GraphQLMutationTests : GraphQLTestBase
     {
-        private readonly Guid contentId = Guid.NewGuid();
+        private readonly DomainId contentId = DomainId.NewGuid();
         private readonly IEnrichedContentEntity content;
         private readonly CommandContext commandContext = new CommandContext(new PatchContent(), A.Dummy<ICommandBus>());
 

backend/tests/Squidex.Infrastructure.Tests/Commands/CommandContextTests.cs

@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ namespace Squidex.Infrastructure.Commands
             Assert.Null(sut.PlainResult);
             Assert.Null(sut.Result<string>());
 
-            Assert.NotEqual(Guid.Empty, sut.ContextId);
+            Assert.NotEqual(DomainId.Empty, sut.ContextId);
 
             Assert.False(sut.IsCompleted);
         }

backend/tests/Squidex.Infrastructure.Tests/TestHelpers/JsonHelper.cs

@@ -34,9 +34,10 @@ namespace Squidex.Infrastructure.TestHelpers
 
                 ContractResolver = new ConverterContractResolver(
                     new ClaimsPrincipalConverter(),
-                    new InstantConverter(),
+                    new DomainIdConverter(),
                     new EnvelopeHeadersConverter(),
                     new FilterConverter(),
+                    new InstantConverter(),
                     new JsonValueConverter(),
                     new LanguageConverter(),
                     new NamedGuidIdConverter(),

backend/tests/Squidex.Web.Tests/CommandMiddlewares/EnrichWithSchemaIdCommandMiddlewareTests.cs

@@ -77,7 +77,7 @@ namespace Squidex.Web.CommandMiddlewares
         {
             httpContext.Features.Set<ISchemaFeature>(new SchemaFeature(schemaId));
 
-            var command = new CreateSchema { SchemaId = Guid.NewGuid() };
+            var command = new CreateSchema { SchemaId = DomainId.NewGuid() };
             var context = Ctx(command);
 
             await sut.HandleAsync(context);

backend/tests/Squidex.Web.Tests/Pipeline/CachingFilterTests.cs

@@ -212,8 +212,8 @@ namespace Squidex.Web.Pipeline
         [Fact]
         public async Task Should_append_surrogate_keys()
         {
-            var id1 = DomainId.NewGuid().ToString();
+            var id1 = DomainId.NewGuid();
-            var id2 = DomainId.NewGuid().ToString();
+            var id2 = DomainId.NewGuid();
 
             cachingOptions.MaxSurrogateKeysSize = 100;
 
@@ -231,8 +231,8 @@ namespace Squidex.Web.Pipeline
         [Fact]
         public async Task Should_append_surrogate_keys_if_just_enough_space_for_one()
         {
-            var id1 = DomainId.NewGuid().ToString();
+            var id1 = DomainId.NewGuid();
-            var id2 = DomainId.NewGuid().ToString();
+            var id2 = DomainId.NewGuid();
 
             cachingOptions.MaxSurrogateKeysSize = 36;
 
@@ -250,8 +250,8 @@ namespace Squidex.Web.Pipeline
         [Fact]
         public async Task Should_not_append_surrogate_keys_if_maximum_is_exceeded()
         {
-            var id1 = DomainId.NewGuid().ToString();
+            var id1 = DomainId.NewGuid();
-            var id2 = DomainId.NewGuid().ToString();
+            var id2 = DomainId.NewGuid();
 
             cachingOptions.MaxSurrogateKeysSize = 20;
 
@@ -269,8 +269,8 @@ namespace Squidex.Web.Pipeline
         [Fact]
         public async Task Should_not_append_surrogate_keys_if_maximum_is_overriden()
         {
-            var id1 = DomainId.NewGuid().ToString();
+            var id1 = DomainId.NewGuid();
-            var id2 = DomainId.NewGuid().ToString();
+            var id2 = DomainId.NewGuid();
 
             httpContext.Request.Headers[CachingManager.SurrogateKeySizeHeader] = "20";
 
@@ -288,8 +288,8 @@ namespace Squidex.Web.Pipeline
         [Fact]
         public async Task Should_generate_etag_from_ids_and_versions()
         {
-            var id1 = DomainId.NewGuid().ToString();
+            var id1 = DomainId.NewGuid();
-            var id2 = DomainId.NewGuid().ToString();
+            var id2 = DomainId.NewGuid();
 
             await sut.OnActionExecutionAsync(executingContext, () =>
             {
@@ -306,8 +306,8 @@ namespace Squidex.Web.Pipeline
         [Fact]
         public async Task Should_not_generate_etag_when_already_added()
         {
-            var id1 = DomainId.NewGuid().ToString();
+            var id1 = DomainId.NewGuid();
-            var id2 = DomainId.NewGuid().ToString();
+            var id2 = DomainId.NewGuid();
 
             await sut.OnActionExecutionAsync(executingContext, () =>
             {