Model classes.

src/Squidex.Domain.Apps.Entities/Schemas/Guards/GuardSchemaField.cs

@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ namespace Squidex.Domain.Apps.Entities.Schemas.Guards
 
             Validate.It(() => "Cannot add a new field.", error =>
             {
-                if (!command.Partitioning.IsValidPartitioning())
+                if (command.ParentFieldId == null && !command.Partitioning.IsValidPartitioning())
                 {
                     error(new ValidationError("Partitioning is not valid.", nameof(command.Partitioning)));
                 }

src/Squidex/app/features/administration/services/event-consumers.service.ts

@@ -11,9 +11,13 @@ import { Observable } from 'rxjs';
 
 import '@app/framework/angular/http/http-extensions';
 
-import { ApiUrlConfig, HTTP } from '@app/shared';
+import {
+    ApiUrlConfig,
+    HTTP,
+    Model
+} from '@app/shared';
 
-export class EventConsumerDto {
+export class EventConsumerDto extends Model {
     constructor(
         public readonly name: string,
         public readonly isStopped: boolean,
@@ -21,6 +25,11 @@ export class EventConsumerDto {
         public readonly error: string,
         public readonly position: string
     ) {
+        super();
+    }
+
+    public with(value: Partial<EventConsumerDto>): EventConsumerDto {
+        return this.clone(value);
     }
 }
 

src/Squidex/app/features/administration/services/users.service.ts

@@ -11,23 +11,37 @@ import { Observable } from 'rxjs';
 
 import '@app/framework/angular/http/http-extensions';
 
-import { ApiUrlConfig, HTTP } from '@app/shared';
+import {
+    ApiUrlConfig,
+    HTTP,
+    Model
+} from '@app/shared';
 
-export class UsersDto {
+export class UsersDto extends Model {
     constructor(
         public readonly total: number,
         public readonly items: UserDto[]
     ) {
+        super();
+    }
+
+    public with(value: Partial<UsersDto>): UsersDto {
+        return this.clone(value);
     }
 }
 
-export class UserDto {
+export class UserDto extends Model {
     constructor(
         public readonly id: string,
         public readonly email: string,
         public readonly displayName: string,
         public readonly isLocked: boolean
     ) {
+        super();
+    }
+
+    public with(value: Partial<UserDto>): UserDto {
+        return this.clone(value);
     }
 }
 

src/Squidex/app/features/administration/state/event-consumers.state.ts

@@ -67,41 +67,41 @@ export class EventConsumersState extends State<Snapshot> {
             });
     }
 
-    public start(es: EventConsumerDto): Observable<any> {
-        return this.eventConsumersService.putStart(es.name)
+    public start(eventConsumer: EventConsumerDto): Observable<any> {
+        return this.eventConsumersService.putStart(eventConsumer.name)
             .do(() => {
-                this.replaceEventConsumer(setStopped(es, false));
+                this.replaceEventConsumer(setStopped(eventConsumer, false));
             })
             .notify(this.dialogs);
     }
 
-    public stop(es: EventConsumerDto): Observable<any> {
-        return this.eventConsumersService.putStop(es.name)
+    public stop(eventConsumer: EventConsumerDto): Observable<any> {
+        return this.eventConsumersService.putStop(eventConsumer.name)
             .do(() => {
-                this.replaceEventConsumer(setStopped(es, true));
+                this.replaceEventConsumer(setStopped(eventConsumer, true));
             })
             .notify(this.dialogs);
     }
 
-    public reset(es: EventConsumerDto): Observable<any> {
-        return this.eventConsumersService.putReset(es.name)
+    public reset(eventConsumer: EventConsumerDto): Observable<any> {
+        return this.eventConsumersService.putReset(eventConsumer.name)
             .do(() => {
-                this.replaceEventConsumer(reset(es));
+                this.replaceEventConsumer(reset(eventConsumer));
             })
             .notify(this.dialogs);
     }
 
-    private replaceEventConsumer(es: EventConsumerDto) {
+    private replaceEventConsumer(eventConsumer: EventConsumerDto) {
         this.next(s => {
-            const eventConsumers = s.eventConsumers.replaceBy('name', es);
+            const eventConsumers = s.eventConsumers.replaceBy('name', eventConsumer);
 
             return { ...s, eventConsumers };
         });
     }
 }
 
-const setStopped = (es: EventConsumerDto, isStoped: boolean) =>
-    new EventConsumerDto(es.name, isStoped, false, es.error, es.position);
+const setStopped = (eventConsumer: EventConsumerDto, isStopped: boolean) =>
+    eventConsumer.with({ isStopped });
 
-const reset = (es: EventConsumerDto) =>
-    new EventConsumerDto(es.name, es.isStopped, true, es.error, es.position);
+const reset = (eventConsumer: EventConsumerDto) =>
+    eventConsumer.with({ isResetting: true });

src/Squidex/app/features/administration/state/users.state.ts

@@ -247,7 +247,7 @@ export class UsersState extends State<Snapshot> {
 
 
 const update = (user: UserDto, request: UpdateUserDto) =>
-    new UserDto(user.id, request.email, request.displayName, user.isLocked);
+    user.with(request);
 
 const setLocked = (user: UserDto, isLocked: boolean) =>
-    new UserDto(user.id, user.email, user.displayName, isLocked);
+    user.with({ isLocked });

src/Squidex/app/features/content/pages/content/content-field.component.ts

@@ -10,9 +10,9 @@ import { AbstractControl, FormGroup } from '@angular/forms';
 
 import {
     AppLanguageDto,
-    FieldDto,
     fieldInvariant,
-    ImmutableArray
+    ImmutableArray,
+    RootFieldDto
 } from '@app/shared';
 
 @Component({
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ import {
 })
 export class ContentFieldComponent implements OnChanges {
     @Input()
-    public field: FieldDto;
+    public field: RootFieldDto;
 
     @Input()
     public fieldForm: FormGroup;

src/Squidex/app/features/content/shared/content-item.component.ts

@@ -12,10 +12,10 @@ import {
     ContentDto,
     ContentsState,
     fadeAnimation,
-    FieldDto,
     fieldInvariant,
     ModalView,
     PatchContentForm,
+    RootFieldDto,
     SchemaDetailsDto,
     Types
 } from '@app/shared';
@@ -136,7 +136,7 @@ export class ContentItemComponent implements OnChanges {
         }
     }
 
-    private getRawValue(field: FieldDto): any {
+    private getRawValue(field: RootFieldDto): any {
         const contentField = this.content.dataDraft[field.name];
 
         if (contentField) {

src/Squidex/app/features/schemas/pages/schema/field.component.ts

@@ -9,15 +9,17 @@ import { Component, Input, OnInit } from '@angular/core';
 import { FormBuilder } from '@angular/forms';
 
 import {
+    AnyFieldDto,
     AppPatternDto,
     createProperties,
     EditFieldForm,
     fadeAnimation,
-    FieldDto,
     ImmutableArray,
     ModalView,
+    RootFieldDto,
     SchemaDetailsDto,
     SchemasState,
+    Types,
     UpdateFieldDto
 } from '@app/shared';
 
@@ -31,7 +33,7 @@ import {
 })
 export class FieldComponent implements OnInit {
     @Input()
-    public field: FieldDto;
+    public field: AnyFieldDto;
 
     @Input()
     public schema: SchemaDetailsDto;
@@ -56,7 +58,7 @@ export class FieldComponent implements OnInit {
         this.editForm = new EditFieldForm(this.formBuilder);
         this.editForm.load(this.field.properties);
 
-        if (this.field.isLocked) {
+        if (Types.is(this.field, RootFieldDto) && this.field.isLocked) {
             this.editForm.form.disable();
         }
     }
@@ -95,7 +97,9 @@ export class FieldComponent implements OnInit {
     }
 
     public lockField() {
-        this.schemasState.lockField(this.schema, this.field).onErrorResumeNext().subscribe();
+        if (Types.is(this.field, RootFieldDto)) {
+            this.schemasState.lockField(this.schema, this.field).onErrorResumeNext().subscribe();
+        }
     }
 
     public save() {

src/Squidex/app/framework/state.ts

@@ -78,6 +78,27 @@ export class Form<T extends AbstractControl> {
     }
 }
 
+export class Model {
+    protected onCreated() {
+        return;
+    }
+
+    protected clone(update: ((v: any) => object) | object): any {
+        let values: object;
+        if (Types.isFunction(update)) {
+            values = update(<any>this);
+        } else {
+            values = update;
+        }
+
+        const clone = Object.assign(Object.create(Object.getPrototypeOf(this)), this, values);
+
+        clone.onCreated();
+
+        return clone;
+    }
+}
+
 export class State<T extends {}> {
     private readonly state: BehaviorSubject<T>;
     private readonly initialState: T;

src/Squidex/app/shared/services/app-clients.service.ts

@@ -15,25 +15,36 @@ import {
     AnalyticsService,
     ApiUrlConfig,
     HTTP,
+    Model,
     Version,
     Versioned
 } from '@app/framework';
 
-export class AppClientsDto {
+export class AppClientsDto extends Model {
     constructor(
         public readonly clients: AppClientDto[],
         public readonly version: Version
     ) {
+        super();
+    }
+
+    public with(value: Partial<AppClientsDto>): AppClientsDto {
+        return this.clone(value);
     }
 }
 
-export class AppClientDto {
+export class AppClientDto extends Model {
     constructor(
         public readonly id: string,
         public readonly name: string,
         public readonly secret: string,
         public readonly permission: string
     ) {
+        super();
+    }
+
+    public with(value: Partial<AppClientDto>): AppClientDto {
+        return this.clone(value);
     }
 }
 

src/Squidex/app/shared/services/app-contributors.service.ts

@@ -15,24 +15,35 @@ import {
     AnalyticsService,
     ApiUrlConfig,
     HTTP,
+    Model,
     Version,
     Versioned
 } from '@app/framework';
 
-export class AppContributorsDto {
+export class AppContributorsDto extends Model {
     constructor(
         public readonly contributors: AppContributorDto[],
         public readonly maxContributors: number,
         public readonly version: Version
     ) {
+        super();
+    }
+
+    public with(value: Partial<AppContributorsDto>): AppContributorsDto {
+        return this.clone(value);
     }
 }
 
-export class AppContributorDto {
+export class AppContributorDto extends Model {
     constructor(
         public readonly contributorId: string,
         public readonly permission: string
     ) {
+        super();
+    }
+
+    public with(value: Partial<AppContributorDto>): AppContributorDto {
+        return this.clone(value);
     }
 }
 

src/Squidex/app/shared/services/app-languages.service.ts

@@ -15,19 +15,25 @@ import {
     AnalyticsService,
     ApiUrlConfig,
     HTTP,
+    Model,
     Version,
     Versioned
 } from '@app/framework';
 
-export class AppLanguagesDto {
+export class AppLanguagesDto extends Model {
     constructor(
         public readonly languages: AppLanguageDto[],
         public readonly version: Version
     ) {
+        super();
+    }
+
+    public with(value: Partial<AppLanguagesDto>): AppLanguagesDto {
+        return this.clone(value);
     }
 }
 
-export class AppLanguageDto {
+export class AppLanguageDto extends Model {
     constructor(
         public readonly iso2Code: string,
         public readonly englishName: string,
@@ -35,6 +41,11 @@ export class AppLanguageDto {
         public readonly isOptional: boolean,
         public readonly fallback: string[]
     ) {
+        super();
+    }
+
+    public with(value: Partial<AppLanguageDto>): AppLanguageDto {
+        return this.clone(value);
     }
 }
 

src/Squidex/app/shared/services/app-patterns.service.ts

@@ -14,25 +14,36 @@ import '@app/framework/angular/http/http-extensions';
 import {
     ApiUrlConfig,
     HTTP,
+    Model,
     Version,
     Versioned
 } from '@app/framework';
 
-export class AppPatternsDto {
+export class AppPatternsDto extends Model {
     constructor(
         public readonly patterns: AppPatternDto[],
         public readonly version: Version
     ) {
+        super();
+    }
+
+    public with(value: Partial<AppPatternsDto>): AppPatternsDto {
+        return this.clone(value);
     }
 }
 
-export class AppPatternDto {
+export class AppPatternDto extends Model {
     constructor(
         public readonly id: string,
         public readonly name: string,
         public readonly pattern: string,
         public readonly message: string
     ) {
+        super();
+    }
+
+    public with(value: Partial<AppPatternDto>): AppPatternDto {
+        return this.clone(value);
     }
 }
 

src/Squidex/app/shared/services/apps.service.ts

@@ -15,10 +15,11 @@ import {
     AnalyticsService,
     ApiUrlConfig,
     DateTime,
-    HTTP
+    HTTP,
+    Model
 } from '@app/framework';
 
-export class AppDto {
+export class AppDto extends Model {
     constructor(
         public readonly id: string,
         public readonly name: string,
@@ -28,6 +29,11 @@ export class AppDto {
         public readonly planName: string,
         public readonly planUpgrade: string
     ) {
+        super();
+    }
+
+    public with(value: Partial<AppDto>): AppDto {
+        return this.clone(value);
     }
 }
 

src/Squidex/app/shared/services/assets.service.ts

@@ -14,20 +14,26 @@ import {
     ApiUrlConfig,
     DateTime,
     HTTP,
+    Model,
     Types,
     Version,
     Versioned
 } from '@app/framework';
 
-export class AssetsDto {
+export class AssetsDto extends Model {
     constructor(
         public readonly total: number,
         public readonly items: AssetDto[]
     ) {
+        super();
+    }
+
+    public with(value: Partial<AssetsDto>): AssetsDto {
+        return this.clone(value);
     }
 }
 
-export class AssetDto {
+export class AssetDto extends Model {
     constructor(
         public readonly id: string,
         public readonly createdBy: string,
@@ -45,40 +51,29 @@ export class AssetDto {
         public readonly url: string,
         public readonly version: Version
     ) {
+        super();
+    }
+
+    public with(value: Partial<AssetDto>): AssetDto {
+        return this.clone(value);
     }
 
     public update(update: AssetReplacedDto, user: string, version: Version, now?: DateTime): AssetDto {
-        return new AssetDto(
-            this.id,
-            this.createdBy, user,
-            this.created, now || DateTime.now(),
-            this.fileName,
-            this.fileType,
-            update.fileSize,
-            update.fileVersion,
-            update.mimeType,
-            update.isImage,
-            update.pixelWidth,
-            update.pixelHeight,
-            this.url,
-            version);
+        return this.with({
+            ...update,
+            lastModified: now || DateTime.now(),
+            lastModifiedBy: user,
+            version
+        });
     }
 
-    public rename(name: string, user: string, version: Version, now?: DateTime): AssetDto {
-        return new AssetDto(
-            this.id,
-            this.createdBy, user,
-            this.created, now || DateTime.now(),
-            name,
-            this.fileType,
-            this.fileSize,
-            this.fileVersion,
-            this.mimeType,
-            this.isImage,
-            this.pixelWidth,
-            this.pixelHeight,
-            this.url,
-            version);
+    public rename(fileName: string, user: string, version: Version, now?: DateTime): AssetDto {
+        return this.with({
+            fileName,
+            lastModified: now || DateTime.now(),
+            lastModifiedBy: user,
+            version
+        });
     }
 }
 

src/Squidex/app/shared/services/backups.service.ts

@@ -14,10 +14,11 @@ import '@app/framework/angular/http/http-extensions';
 import {
     AnalyticsService,
     ApiUrlConfig,
-    DateTime
+    DateTime,
+    Model
 } from '@app/framework';
 
-export class BackupDto {
+export class BackupDto extends Model {
     constructor(
         public readonly id: string,
         public readonly started: DateTime,
@@ -26,6 +27,11 @@ export class BackupDto {
         public readonly handledAssets: number,
         public readonly isFailed: boolean
     ) {
+        super();
+    }
+
+    public with(value: Partial<BackupDto>): BackupDto {
+        return this.clone(value);
     }
 }
 

src/Squidex/app/shared/services/contents.service.spec.ts

@@ -89,17 +89,17 @@ describe('ContentsService', () => {
 
         expect(contents).toEqual(
             new ContentsDto(10, [
-                new ContentDto('id1', 'Published', 'Created1', 'LastModifiedBy1',
-                    DateTime.parseISO_UTC('2016-12-12T10:10'),
-                    DateTime.parseISO_UTC('2017-12-12T10:10'),
+                new ContentDto('id1', 'Published',
+                    DateTime.parseISO_UTC('2016-12-12T10:10'), 'Created1',
+                    DateTime.parseISO_UTC('2017-12-12T10:10'), 'LastModifiedBy1',
                     new ScheduleDto('Draft', 'Scheduler1', DateTime.parseISO_UTC('2018-12-12T10:10')),
                     true,
                     {},
                     {},
                     new Version('11')),
-                new ContentDto('id2', 'Published', 'Created2', 'LastModifiedBy2',
-                    DateTime.parseISO_UTC('2016-10-12T10:10'),
-                    DateTime.parseISO_UTC('2017-10-12T10:10'),
+                new ContentDto('id2', 'Published',
+                    DateTime.parseISO_UTC('2016-10-12T10:10'), 'Created2',
+                    DateTime.parseISO_UTC('2017-10-12T10:10'), 'LastModifiedBy2',
                     null,
                     false,
                     {},
@@ -183,9 +183,9 @@ describe('ContentsService', () => {
         });
 
         expect(content).toEqual(
-            new ContentDto('id1', 'Published', 'Created1', 'LastModifiedBy1',
-                DateTime.parseISO_UTC('2016-12-12T10:10'),
-                DateTime.parseISO_UTC('2017-12-12T10:10'),
+            new ContentDto('id1', 'Published',
+                DateTime.parseISO_UTC('2016-12-12T10:10'), 'Created1',
+                DateTime.parseISO_UTC('2017-12-12T10:10'), 'LastModifiedBy1',
                 new ScheduleDto('Draft', 'Scheduler1', DateTime.parseISO_UTC('2018-12-12T10:10')),
                 true,
                 {},
@@ -224,9 +224,9 @@ describe('ContentsService', () => {
         });
 
         expect(content).toEqual(
-            new ContentDto('id1', 'Published', 'Created1', 'LastModifiedBy1',
-                DateTime.parseISO_UTC('2016-12-12T10:10'),
-                DateTime.parseISO_UTC('2017-12-12T10:10'),
+            new ContentDto('id1', 'Published',
+                DateTime.parseISO_UTC('2016-12-12T10:10'), 'Created1',
+                DateTime.parseISO_UTC('2017-12-12T10:10'), 'LastModifiedBy1',
                 null,
                 true,
                 null,

src/Squidex/app/shared/services/contents.service.ts

@@ -16,42 +16,58 @@ import {
     ApiUrlConfig,
     DateTime,
     HTTP,
+    Model,
     Version,
     Versioned
 } from '@app/framework';
 
-export class ContentsDto {
+export class ContentsDto extends Model {
     constructor(
         public readonly total: number,
         public readonly items: ContentDto[]
     ) {
+
+        super();
     }
-}
+
+    public with(value: Partial<ContentsDto>): ContentsDto {
+        return this.clone(value);
+    }}
 
 
-export class ScheduleDto {
+export class ScheduleDto extends Model {
     constructor(
         public readonly status: string,
         public readonly scheduledBy: string,
         public readonly dueTime: DateTime
     ) {
+        super();
+    }
+
+    public with(value: Partial<ScheduleDto>): ScheduleDto {
+        return this.clone(value);
     }
 }
 
-export class ContentDto {
+export class ContentDto extends Model {
     constructor(
         public readonly id: string,
         public readonly status: string,
-        public readonly createdBy: string,
-        public readonly lastModifiedBy: string,
         public readonly created: DateTime,
+        public readonly createdBy: string,
         public readonly lastModified: DateTime,
+        public readonly lastModifiedBy: string,
         public readonly scheduleJob: ScheduleDto | null,
         public readonly isPending: boolean,
         public readonly data: object | any,
         public readonly dataDraft: object,
         public readonly version: Version
     ) {
+        super();
+    }
+
+    public with(value: Partial<ContentDto>): ContentDto {
+        return this.clone(value);
     }
 }
 
@@ -107,10 +123,8 @@ export class ContentsService {
                         return new ContentDto(
                             item.id,
                             item.status,
-                            item.createdBy,
-                            item.lastModifiedBy,
-                            DateTime.parseISO_UTC(item.created),
-                            DateTime.parseISO_UTC(item.lastModified),
+                            DateTime.parseISO_UTC(item.created), item.createdBy,
+                            DateTime.parseISO_UTC(item.lastModified), item.lastModifiedBy,
                             item.scheduleJob
                                 ? new ScheduleDto(
                                     item.scheduleJob.status,
@@ -136,10 +150,8 @@ export class ContentsService {
                     return new ContentDto(
                         body.id,
                         body.status,
-                        body.createdBy,
-                        body.lastModifiedBy,
-                        DateTime.parseISO_UTC(body.created),
-                        DateTime.parseISO_UTC(body.lastModified),
+                        DateTime.parseISO_UTC(body.created), body.createdBy,
+                        DateTime.parseISO_UTC(body.lastModified), body.lastModifiedBy,
                         body.scheduleJob
                             ? new ScheduleDto(
                                 body.scheduleJob.status,
@@ -174,10 +186,8 @@ export class ContentsService {
                     return new ContentDto(
                         body.id,
                         body.status,
-                        body.createdBy,
-                        body.lastModifiedBy,
-                        DateTime.parseISO_UTC(body.created),
-                        DateTime.parseISO_UTC(body.lastModified),
+                        DateTime.parseISO_UTC(body.created), body.createdBy,
+                        DateTime.parseISO_UTC(body.lastModified), body.lastModifiedBy,
                         null,
                         true,
                         null,

src/Squidex/app/shared/services/plans.service.ts

@@ -15,11 +15,12 @@ import {
     AnalyticsService,
     ApiUrlConfig,
     HTTP,
+    Model,
     Version,
     Versioned
 } from '@app/framework';
 
-export class PlansDto {
+export class PlansDto extends Model {
     constructor(
         public readonly currentPlanId: string,
         public readonly planOwner: string,
@@ -27,10 +28,15 @@ export class PlansDto {
         public readonly plans: PlanDto[],
         public readonly version: Version
     ) {
+        super();
+    }
+
+    public with(value: Partial<PlansDto>): PlansDto {
+        return this.clone(value);
     }
 }
 
-export class PlanDto {
+export class PlanDto extends Model {
     constructor(
         public readonly id: string,
         public readonly name: string,
@@ -41,6 +47,11 @@ export class PlanDto {
         public readonly maxAssetSize: number,
         public readonly maxContributors: number
     ) {
+        super();
+    }
+
+    public with(value: Partial<PlanDto>): PlanDto {
+        return this.clone(value);
     }
 }
 

src/Squidex/app/shared/services/rules.service.ts

@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ import {
     ApiUrlConfig,
     DateTime,
     HTTP,
+    Model,
     Version,
     Versioned
 } from '@app/framework';
@@ -50,7 +51,7 @@ export const ruleActions: any = {
     }
 };
 
-export class RuleDto {
+export class RuleDto extends Model {
     constructor(
         public readonly id: string,
         public readonly createdBy: string,
@@ -64,10 +65,28 @@ export class RuleDto {
         public readonly action: any,
         public readonly actionType: string
     ) {
+        super();
+    }
+
+    public with(value: Partial<RuleDto>): RuleDto {
+        return this.clone(value);
+    }
+}
+
+export class RuleEventsDto extends Model {
+    constructor(
+        public readonly total: number,
+        public readonly items: RuleEventDto[]
+    ) {
+        super();
+    }
+
+    public with(value: Partial<RuleEventsDto>): RuleEventsDto {
+        return this.clone(value);
     }
 }
 
-export class RuleEventDto {
+export class RuleEventDto extends Model {
     constructor(
         public readonly id: string,
         public readonly created: DateTime,
@@ -79,14 +98,11 @@ export class RuleEventDto {
         public readonly jobResult: string,
         public readonly numCalls: number
     ) {
+        super();
     }
-}
 
-export class RuleEventsDto {
-    constructor(
-        public readonly total: number,
-        public readonly items: RuleEventDto[]
-    ) {
+    public with(value: Partial<RuleEventDto>): RuleEventDto {
+        return this.clone(value);
     }
 }
 

src/Squidex/app/shared/services/schemas.fields.spec.ts

@@ -8,15 +8,16 @@
 import { DateTime } from '@app/framework';
 
 import {
+    ArrayFieldPropertiesDto,
     AssetsFieldPropertiesDto,
     BooleanFieldPropertiesDto,
     DateTimeFieldPropertiesDto,
-    FieldDto,
     FieldPropertiesDto,
     GeolocationFieldPropertiesDto,
     JsonFieldPropertiesDto,
     NumberFieldPropertiesDto,
     ReferencesFieldPropertiesDto,
+    RootFieldDto,
     SchemaDetailsDto,
     SchemaPropertiesDto,
     StringFieldPropertiesDto,
@@ -43,9 +44,9 @@ describe('SchemaDetailsDto', () => {
     });
 
     it('should return configured fields as list fields if no schema field are declared', () => {
-        const field1 = createField(new AssetsFieldPropertiesDto(null, null, null, null, false, true), 1);
-        const field2 = createField(new AssetsFieldPropertiesDto(null, null, null, null, false, false), 2);
-        const field3 = createField(new AssetsFieldPropertiesDto(null, null, null, null, false, true), 3);
+        const field1 = createField(new ArrayFieldPropertiesDto({ isListField: true }), 1);
+        const field2 = createField(new ArrayFieldPropertiesDto({ isListField: false }), 2);
+        const field3 = createField(new ArrayFieldPropertiesDto({ isListField: true }), 3);
 
         const schema = createSchema(new SchemaPropertiesDto(''), 1, [field1, field2, field3]);
 
@@ -53,9 +54,9 @@ describe('SchemaDetailsDto', () => {
     });
 
     it('should return first fields as list fields if no schema field is declared', () => {
-        const field1 = createField(new AssetsFieldPropertiesDto(null, null, null, null, false, false), 1);
-        const field2 = createField(new AssetsFieldPropertiesDto(null, null, null, null, false, false), 2);
-        const field3 = createField(new AssetsFieldPropertiesDto(null, null, null, null, false, false), 3);
+        const field1 = createField(new ArrayFieldPropertiesDto(), 1);
+        const field2 = createField(new ArrayFieldPropertiesDto(), 2);
+        const field3 = createField(new ArrayFieldPropertiesDto(), 3);
 
         const schema = createSchema(new SchemaPropertiesDto(''), 1, [field1, field2, field3]);
 
@@ -63,7 +64,7 @@ describe('SchemaDetailsDto', () => {
     });
 
     it('should return empty list fields if fields is empty', () => {
-        const schema = createSchema(new SchemaPropertiesDto(''), 1, []);
+        const schema = createSchema(new SchemaPropertiesDto(), 1, []);
 
         expect(schema.listFields).toEqual([{ properties: {} }]);
     });
@@ -71,50 +72,74 @@ describe('SchemaDetailsDto', () => {
 
 describe('FieldDto', () => {
     it('should return label as display name', () => {
-        const field = createField(new AssetsFieldPropertiesDto('Label', null, null, null, true, false), 1);
+        const field = createField(new AssetsFieldPropertiesDto({ label: 'Label' }), 1);
 
         expect(field.displayName).toBe('Label');
     });
 
     it('should return name as display name if label is null', () => {
-        const field = createField(new AssetsFieldPropertiesDto(null, null, null, null, true, false), 1);
+        const field = createField(new AssetsFieldPropertiesDto(), 1);
 
         expect(field.displayName).toBe('field1');
     });
 
     it('should return name as display name label is empty', () => {
-        const field = createField(new AssetsFieldPropertiesDto('', null, null, null, true, false), 1);
+        const field = createField(new AssetsFieldPropertiesDto({ label: '' }), 1);
 
         expect(field.displayName).toBe('field1');
     });
 
     it('should return placeholder as display placeholder', () => {
-        const field = createField(new AssetsFieldPropertiesDto(null, null, 'Placeholder', null, true, false), 1);
+        const field = createField(new AssetsFieldPropertiesDto({ placeholder: 'Placeholder' }), 1);
 
         expect(field.displayPlaceholder).toBe('Placeholder');
     });
 
     it('should return empty as display placeholder if placeholder is null', () => {
-        const field = createField(new AssetsFieldPropertiesDto(null, null, null, null, true, false));
+        const field = createField(new AssetsFieldPropertiesDto());
 
         expect(field.displayPlaceholder).toBe('');
     });
 
     it('should return localizable if partitioning is language', () => {
-        const field = createField(new AssetsFieldPropertiesDto(null, null, null, null, true, false), 1, 'language');
+        const field = createField(new AssetsFieldPropertiesDto(), 1, 'language');
 
         expect(field.isLocalizable).toBeTruthy();
     });
 
     it('should not return localizable if partitioning is invarient', () => {
-        const field = createField(new AssetsFieldPropertiesDto(null, null, null, null, true, false), 1, 'invariant');
+        const field = createField(new AssetsFieldPropertiesDto(), 1, 'invariant');
 
         expect(field.isLocalizable).toBeFalsy();
     });
 });
 
+describe('ArrayField', () => {
+    const field = createField(new ArrayFieldPropertiesDto({ isRequired: true, minItems: 1, maxItems: 5 }));
+
+    it('should create validators', () => {
+        expect(field.createValidators(false).length).toBe(3);
+    });
+
+    it('should format to empty string if null', () => {
+        expect(field.formatValue(null)).toBe('');
+    });
+
+    it('should format to asset count', () => {
+        expect(field.formatValue([1, 2, 3])).toBe('3 Items(s)');
+    });
+
+    it('should return zero formatting if other type', () => {
+        expect(field.formatValue(1)).toBe('0 Items');
+    });
+
+    it('should return null for default properties', () => {
+        expect(field.defaultValue()).toBeNull();
+    });
+});
+
 describe('AssetsField', () => {
-    const field = createField(new AssetsFieldPropertiesDto(null, null, null, null, true, false, 1, 1));
+    const field = createField(new AssetsFieldPropertiesDto({ isRequired: true, minItems: 1, maxItems: 5 }));
 
     it('should create validators', () => {
         expect(field.createValidators(false).length).toBe(3);
@@ -138,7 +163,7 @@ describe('AssetsField', () => {
 });
 
 describe('TagsField', () => {
-    const field = createField(new TagsFieldPropertiesDto(null, null, null, null, true, false, 1, 1));
+    const field = createField(new TagsFieldPropertiesDto({ isRequired: true, minItems: 1, maxItems: 5 }));
 
     it('should create validators', () => {
         expect(field.createValidators(false).length).toBe(3);
@@ -162,7 +187,7 @@ describe('TagsField', () => {
 });
 
 describe('BooleanField', () => {
-    const field = createField(new BooleanFieldPropertiesDto(null, null, null, null, true, false, false, 'Checkbox'));
+    const field = createField(new BooleanFieldPropertiesDto('Checkbox', { isRequired: true }));
 
     it('should create validators', () => {
         expect(field.createValidators(false).length).toBe(1);
@@ -189,7 +214,7 @@ describe('BooleanField', () => {
 
 describe('DateTimeField', () => {
     const now = DateTime.parseISO_UTC('2017-10-12T16:30:10Z');
-    const field = createField(new DateTimeFieldPropertiesDto(null, null, null, null, true, false, 'Date'));
+    const field = createField(new DateTimeFieldPropertiesDto('DateTime', { isRequired: true }));
 
     it('should create validators', () => {
         expect(field.createValidators(false).length).toBe(1);
@@ -204,13 +229,13 @@ describe('DateTimeField', () => {
     });
 
     it('should format to date', () => {
-        const dateField = createField(new DateTimeFieldPropertiesDto(null, null, null, null, true, false, 'Date'));
+        const dateField = createField(new DateTimeFieldPropertiesDto('Date'));
 
         expect(dateField.formatValue('2017-12-12T16:00:00Z')).toBe('2017-12-12');
     });
 
     it('should format to date time', () => {
-        const dateTimeField = createField(new DateTimeFieldPropertiesDto(null, null, null, null, true, false, 'DateTime'));
+        const dateTimeField = createField(new DateTimeFieldPropertiesDto('DateTime'));
 
         expect(dateTimeField.formatValue('2017-12-12T16:00:00Z')).toBe('2017-12-12 16:00:00');
     });
@@ -235,7 +260,7 @@ describe('DateTimeField', () => {
 });
 
 describe('GeolocationField', () => {
-    const field = createField(new GeolocationFieldPropertiesDto(null, null, null, null, true, false, 'Default'));
+    const field = createField(new GeolocationFieldPropertiesDto({ isRequired: true }));
 
     it('should create validators', () => {
         expect(field.createValidators(false).length).toBe(1);
@@ -255,7 +280,7 @@ describe('GeolocationField', () => {
 });
 
 describe('JsonField', () => {
-    const field = createField(new JsonFieldPropertiesDto(null, null, null, null, true, false));
+    const field = createField(new JsonFieldPropertiesDto({ isRequired: true }));
 
     it('should create validators', () => {
         expect(field.createValidators(false).length).toBe(1);
@@ -275,7 +300,7 @@ describe('JsonField', () => {
 });
 
 describe('NumberField', () => {
-    const field = createField(new NumberFieldPropertiesDto(null, null, null, null, true, false, false, 'Input', undefined, 3, 1, [1, 2, 3]));
+    const field = createField(new NumberFieldPropertiesDto('Input', { isRequired: true, minValue: 1, maxValue: 6, allowedValues: [1, 3] }));
 
     it('should create validators', () => {
         expect(field.createValidators(false).length).toBe(4);
@@ -297,7 +322,7 @@ describe('NumberField', () => {
 });
 
 describe('ReferencesField', () => {
-    const field = createField(new ReferencesFieldPropertiesDto(null, null, null, null, true, false, 1, 1));
+    const field = createField(new ReferencesFieldPropertiesDto({ isRequired: true, minItems: 1, maxItems: 5 }));
 
     it('should create validators', () => {
         expect(field.createValidators(false).length).toBe(3);
@@ -321,7 +346,7 @@ describe('ReferencesField', () => {
 });
 
 describe('StringField', () => {
-    const field = createField(new StringFieldPropertiesDto(null, null, null, null, true, false, false, 'Input', undefined, 'pattern', undefined, 3, 1, ['1', '2']));
+    const field = createField(new StringFieldPropertiesDto('Input', { isRequired: true, pattern: 'pattern', minLength: 1, maxLength: 5, allowedValues: ['a', 'b'] }));
 
     it('should create validators', () => {
         expect(field.createValidators(false).length).toBe(5);
@@ -342,10 +367,10 @@ describe('StringField', () => {
     });
 });
 
-function createSchema(properties: SchemaPropertiesDto, index = 1, fields: FieldDto[]) {
+function createSchema(properties: SchemaPropertiesDto, index = 1, fields: RootFieldDto[]) {
     return new SchemaDetailsDto('id' + index, 'schema' + index, '', properties, true, null!, null!, null!, null!, null!, fields);
 }
 
 function createField(properties: FieldPropertiesDto, index = 1, partitioning = 'languages') {
-    return new FieldDto(index, 'field' + index, false, false, false, partitioning, properties);
+    return new RootFieldDto(index, 'field' + index, properties, partitioning);
 }

src/Squidex/app/shared/services/schemas.service.spec.ts

@@ -16,6 +16,8 @@ import {
     CreateSchemaDto,
     DateTime,
     FieldDto,
+    NestedFieldDto,
+    RootFieldDto,
     SchemaDetailsDto,
     SchemaDto,
     SchemaPropertiesDto,
@@ -103,13 +105,13 @@ describe('SchemasService', () => {
         ]);
 
         expect(schemas).toEqual([
-            new SchemaDto('id1', 'name1', 'category1', new SchemaPropertiesDto('label1', 'hints1'), true, 'Created1', 'LastModifiedBy1',
-                DateTime.parseISO_UTC('2016-12-12T10:10'),
-                DateTime.parseISO_UTC('2017-12-12T10:10'),
+            new SchemaDto('id1', 'name1', 'category1', new SchemaPropertiesDto('label1', 'hints1'), true,
+                DateTime.parseISO_UTC('2016-12-12T10:10'), 'Created1',
+                DateTime.parseISO_UTC('2017-12-12T10:10'), 'LastModifiedBy1',
                 new Version('11')),
-            new SchemaDto('id2', 'name2', 'category2', new SchemaPropertiesDto('label2', 'hints2'), true, 'Created2', 'LastModifiedBy2',
-                DateTime.parseISO_UTC('2016-10-12T10:10'),
-                DateTime.parseISO_UTC('2017-10-12T10:10'),
+            new SchemaDto('id2', 'name2', 'category2', new SchemaPropertiesDto('label2', 'hints2'), true,
+                DateTime.parseISO_UTC('2016-10-12T10:10'), 'Created2',
+                DateTime.parseISO_UTC('2017-10-12T10:10'), 'LastModifiedBy2',
                 new Version('22'))
         ]);
     }));
@@ -143,30 +145,50 @@ describe('SchemasService', () => {
             },
             fields: [
                 {
-                    fieldId: 1,
-                    name: 'field1',
+                    fieldId: 11,
+                    name: 'field11',
                     isLocked: true,
                     isHidden: true,
                     isDisabled: true,
                     partitioning: 'language',
                     properties: {
-                        fieldType: 'Number'
-                    }
+                        fieldType: 'Array'
+                    },
+                    nested: [
+                        {
+                            fieldId: 101,
+                            name: 'field101',
+                            isHidden: true,
+                            isDisabled: true,
+                            properties: {
+                                fieldType: 'String'
+                            }
+                        },
+                        {
+                            fieldId: 102,
+                            name: 'field102',
+                            isHidden: true,
+                            isDisabled: true,
+                            properties: {
+                                fieldType: 'Number'
+                            }
+                        }
+                    ]
                 },
                 {
-                    fieldId: 2,
-                    name: 'field2',
+                    fieldId: 12,
+                    name: 'field12',
                     isLocked: true,
                     isHidden: true,
                     isDisabled: true,
                     partitioning: 'language',
                     properties: {
-                        fieldType: 'String'
+                        fieldType: 'Assets'
                     }
                 },
                 {
-                    fieldId: 3,
-                    name: 'field3',
+                    fieldId: 13,
+                    name: 'field13',
                     isLocked: true,
                     isHidden: true,
                     isDisabled: true,
@@ -176,8 +198,8 @@ describe('SchemasService', () => {
                     }
                 },
                 {
-                    fieldId: 4,
-                    name: 'field4',
+                    fieldId: 14,
+                    name: 'field14',
                     isLocked: true,
                     isHidden: true,
                     isDisabled: true,
@@ -187,41 +209,41 @@ describe('SchemasService', () => {
                     }
                 },
                 {
-                    fieldId: 5,
-                    name: 'field5',
+                    fieldId: 15,
+                    name: 'field15',
                     isLocked: true,
                     isHidden: true,
                     isDisabled: true,
                     partitioning: 'language',
                     properties: {
-                        fieldType: 'Json'
+                        fieldType: 'Geolocation'
                     }
                 },
                 {
-                    fieldId: 6,
-                    name: 'field6',
+                    fieldId: 16,
+                    name: 'field16',
                     isLocked: true,
                     isHidden: true,
                     isDisabled: true,
                     partitioning: 'language',
                     properties: {
-                        fieldType: 'Geolocation'
+                        fieldType: 'Json'
                     }
                 },
                 {
-                    fieldId: 7,
-                    name: 'field7',
+                    fieldId: 17,
+                    name: 'field17',
                     isLocked: true,
                     isHidden: true,
                     isDisabled: true,
                     partitioning: 'language',
                     properties: {
-                        fieldType: 'Assets'
+                        fieldType: 'Number'
                     }
                 },
                 {
-                    fieldId: 8,
-                    name: 'field8',
+                    fieldId: 18,
+                    name: 'field18',
                     isLocked: true,
                     isHidden: true,
                     isDisabled: true,
@@ -231,8 +253,19 @@ describe('SchemasService', () => {
                     }
                 },
                 {
-                    fieldId: 9,
-                    name: 'field9',
+                    fieldId: 19,
+                    name: 'field19',
+                    isLocked: true,
+                    isHidden: true,
+                    isDisabled: true,
+                    partitioning: 'language',
+                    properties: {
+                        fieldType: 'String'
+                    }
+                },
+                {
+                    fieldId: 20,
+                    name: 'field20',
                     isLocked: true,
                     isHidden: true,
                     isDisabled: true,
@@ -254,20 +287,24 @@ describe('SchemasService', () => {
         });
 
         expect(schema).toEqual(
-            new SchemaDetailsDto('id1', 'name1', 'category1', new SchemaPropertiesDto('label1', 'hints1'), true, 'Created1', 'LastModifiedBy1',
-                DateTime.parseISO_UTC('2016-12-12T10:10'),
-                DateTime.parseISO_UTC('2017-12-12T10:10'),
+            new SchemaDetailsDto('id1', 'name1', 'category1', new SchemaPropertiesDto('label1', 'hints1'), true,
+                DateTime.parseISO_UTC('2016-12-12T10:10'), 'Created1',
+                DateTime.parseISO_UTC('2017-12-12T10:10'), 'LastModifiedBy1',
                 new Version('2'),
                 [
-                    new FieldDto(1, 'field1', true, true, true, 'language', createProperties('Number')),
-                    new FieldDto(2, 'field2', true, true, true, 'language', createProperties('String')),
-                    new FieldDto(3, 'field3', true, true, true, 'language', createProperties('Boolean')),
-                    new FieldDto(4, 'field4', true, true, true, 'language', createProperties('DateTime')),
-                    new FieldDto(5, 'field5', true, true, true, 'language', createProperties('Json')),
-                    new FieldDto(6, 'field6', true, true, true, 'language', createProperties('Geolocation')),
-                    new FieldDto(7, 'field7', true, true, true, 'language', createProperties('Assets')),
-                    new FieldDto(8, 'field8', true, true, true, 'language', createProperties('References')),
-                    new FieldDto(9, 'field9', true, true, true, 'language', createProperties('Tags'))
+                    new RootFieldDto(11, 'field11', createProperties('Array'), 'language', true, true, true, [
+                        new NestedFieldDto(101, 'field101', createProperties('String'), 11, true, true),
+                        new NestedFieldDto(102, 'field102', createProperties('Number'), 11, true, true)
+                    ]),
+                    new RootFieldDto(12, 'field12', createProperties('Assets'), 'language', true, true, true),
+                    new RootFieldDto(13, 'field13', createProperties('Boolean'), 'language', true, true, true),
+                    new RootFieldDto(14, 'field14', createProperties('DateTime'), 'language', true, true, true),
+                    new RootFieldDto(15, 'field15', createProperties('Geolocation'), 'language', true, true, true),
+                    new RootFieldDto(16, 'field16', createProperties('Json'), 'language', true, true, true),
+                    new RootFieldDto(17, 'field17', createProperties('Number'), 'language', true, true, true),
+                    new RootFieldDto(18, 'field18', createProperties('References'), 'language', true, true, true),
+                    new RootFieldDto(19, 'field19', createProperties('String'), 'language', true, true, true),
+                    new RootFieldDto(20, 'field20', createProperties('Tags'), 'language', true, true, true)
                 ],
                 '<script-query>',
                 '<script-create>',
@@ -301,7 +338,52 @@ describe('SchemasService', () => {
         });
 
         expect(schema).toEqual(
-            new SchemaDetailsDto('1', dto.name, '', new SchemaPropertiesDto(), false, user, user, now, now, new Version('2'), []));
+            new SchemaDetailsDto('1', dto.name, '', new SchemaPropertiesDto(), false, now, user, now, user, new Version('2'), []));
+    }));
+
+    it('should make put request to update schema',
+        inject([SchemasService, HttpTestingController], (schemasService: SchemasService, httpMock: HttpTestingController) => {
+
+        const dto = new UpdateSchemaDto('label', 'hints');
+
+        schemasService.putSchema('my-app', 'my-schema', dto, version).subscribe();
+
+        const req = httpMock.expectOne('http://service/p/api/apps/my-app/schemas/my-schema');
+
+        expect(req.request.method).toEqual('PUT');
+        expect(req.request.headers.get('If-Match')).toBe(version.value);
+
+        req.flush({});
+    }));
+
+    it('should make put request to update schema scripts',
+        inject([SchemasService, HttpTestingController], (schemasService: SchemasService, httpMock: HttpTestingController) => {
+
+        const dto = new UpdateSchemaScriptsDto();
+
+        schemasService.putScripts('my-app', 'my-schema', dto, version).subscribe();
+
+        const req = httpMock.expectOne('http://service/p/api/apps/my-app/schemas/my-schema/scripts');
+
+        expect(req.request.method).toEqual('PUT');
+        expect(req.request.headers.get('If-Match')).toBe(version.value);
+
+        req.flush({});
+    }));
+
+    it('should make put request to update category',
+        inject([SchemasService, HttpTestingController], (schemasService: SchemasService, httpMock: HttpTestingController) => {
+
+        const dto = new UpdateSchemaCategoryDto();
+
+        schemasService.putCategory('my-app', 'my-schema', dto, version).subscribe();
+
+        const req = httpMock.expectOne('http://service/p/api/apps/my-app/schemas/my-schema/category');
+
+        expect(req.request.method).toEqual('PUT');
+        expect(req.request.headers.get('If-Match')).toBe(version.value);
+
+        req.flush({});
     }));
 
     it('should make post request to add field',
@@ -311,7 +393,7 @@ describe('SchemasService', () => {
 
         let field: FieldDto | null = null;
 
-        schemasService.postField('my-app', 'my-schema', dto, version).subscribe(result => {
+        schemasService.postField('my-app', 'my-schema', dto, undefined, version).subscribe(result => {
             field = result.payload;
         });
 
@@ -323,17 +405,15 @@ describe('SchemasService', () => {
         req.flush({ id: 123 });
 
         expect(field).toEqual(
-            new FieldDto(123, dto.name, false, false, false, dto.partitioning, dto.properties));
+            new RootFieldDto(123, dto.name, dto.properties, dto.partitioning));
     }));
 
-    it('should make put request to update schema',
+    it('should make put request to publish schema',
         inject([SchemasService, HttpTestingController], (schemasService: SchemasService, httpMock: HttpTestingController) => {
 
-        const dto = new UpdateSchemaDto('label', 'hints');
-
-        schemasService.putSchema('my-app', 'my-schema', dto, version).subscribe();
+        schemasService.publishSchema('my-app', 'my-schema', version).subscribe();
 
-        const req = httpMock.expectOne('http://service/p/api/apps/my-app/schemas/my-schema');
+        const req = httpMock.expectOne('http://service/p/api/apps/my-app/schemas/my-schema/publish');
 
         expect(req.request.method).toEqual('PUT');
         expect(req.request.headers.get('If-Match')).toBe(version.value);
@@ -341,14 +421,12 @@ describe('SchemasService', () => {
         req.flush({});
     }));
 
-    it('should make put request to update schema scripts',
+    it('should make put request to unpublish schema',
         inject([SchemasService, HttpTestingController], (schemasService: SchemasService, httpMock: HttpTestingController) => {
 
-        const dto = new UpdateSchemaScriptsDto();
-
-        schemasService.putScripts('my-app', 'my-schema', dto, version).subscribe();
+        schemasService.unpublishSchema('my-app', 'my-schema', version).subscribe();
 
-        const req = httpMock.expectOne('http://service/p/api/apps/my-app/schemas/my-schema/scripts');
+        const req = httpMock.expectOne('http://service/p/api/apps/my-app/schemas/my-schema/unpublish');
 
         expect(req.request.method).toEqual('PUT');
         expect(req.request.headers.get('If-Match')).toBe(version.value);
@@ -356,19 +434,26 @@ describe('SchemasService', () => {
         req.flush({});
     }));
 
-    it('should make put request to update category',
+    it('should make post request to add nested field',
         inject([SchemasService, HttpTestingController], (schemasService: SchemasService, httpMock: HttpTestingController) => {
 
-        const dto = new UpdateSchemaCategoryDto();
+        const dto = new AddFieldDto('name', 'invariant', createProperties('Number'));
 
-        schemasService.putCategory('my-app', 'my-schema', dto, version).subscribe();
+        let field: FieldDto | null = null;
 
-        const req = httpMock.expectOne('http://service/p/api/apps/my-app/schemas/my-schema/category');
+        schemasService.postField('my-app', 'my-schema', dto, 13, version).subscribe(result => {
+            field = result.payload;
+        });
 
-        expect(req.request.method).toEqual('PUT');
+        const req = httpMock.expectOne('http://service/p/api/apps/my-app/schemas/my-schema/fields/13/nested');
+
+        expect(req.request.method).toEqual('POST');
         expect(req.request.headers.get('If-Match')).toBe(version.value);
 
-        req.flush({});
+        req.flush({ id: 123 });
+
+        expect(field).toEqual(
+            new NestedFieldDto(123, dto.name, dto.properties, 13));
     }));
 
     it('should make put request to update field',
@@ -376,7 +461,7 @@ describe('SchemasService', () => {
 
         const dto = new UpdateFieldDto(createProperties('Number'));
 
-        schemasService.putField('my-app', 'my-schema', 1, dto, version).subscribe();
+        schemasService.putField('my-app', 'my-schema', 1, dto, undefined, version).subscribe();
 
         const req = httpMock.expectOne('http://service/p/api/apps/my-app/schemas/my-schema/fields/1');
 
@@ -386,12 +471,27 @@ describe('SchemasService', () => {
         req.flush({});
     }));
 
+    it('should make put request to update nested field',
+        inject([SchemasService, HttpTestingController], (schemasService: SchemasService, httpMock: HttpTestingController) => {
+
+        const dto = new UpdateFieldDto(createProperties('Number'));
+
+        schemasService.putField('my-app', 'my-schema', 1, dto, 13, version).subscribe();
+
+        const req = httpMock.expectOne('http://service/p/api/apps/my-app/schemas/my-schema/fields/13/nested/1');
+
+        expect(req.request.method).toEqual('PUT');
+        expect(req.request.headers.get('If-Match')).toBe(version.value);
+
+        req.flush({});
+    }));
+
     it('should make put request to update field ordering',
         inject([SchemasService, HttpTestingController], (schemasService: SchemasService, httpMock: HttpTestingController) => {
 
         const dto = [1, 2, 3];
 
-        schemasService.putFieldOrdering('my-app', 'my-schema', dto, version).subscribe();
+        schemasService.putFieldOrdering('my-app', 'my-schema', dto, undefined, version).subscribe();
 
         const req = httpMock.expectOne('http://service/p/api/apps/my-app/schemas/my-schema/fields/ordering');
 
@@ -401,12 +501,14 @@ describe('SchemasService', () => {
         req.flush({});
     }));
 
-    it('should make put request to publish schema',
+    it('should make put request to update nested field ordering',
         inject([SchemasService, HttpTestingController], (schemasService: SchemasService, httpMock: HttpTestingController) => {
 
-        schemasService.publishSchema('my-app', 'my-schema', version).subscribe();
+        const dto = [1, 2, 3];
 
-        const req = httpMock.expectOne('http://service/p/api/apps/my-app/schemas/my-schema/publish');
+        schemasService.putFieldOrdering('my-app', 'my-schema', dto, 13, version).subscribe();
+
+        const req = httpMock.expectOne('http://service/p/api/apps/my-app/schemas/my-schema/fields/13/nested/ordering');
 
         expect(req.request.method).toEqual('PUT');
         expect(req.request.headers.get('If-Match')).toBe(version.value);
@@ -414,12 +516,12 @@ describe('SchemasService', () => {
         req.flush({});
     }));
 
-    it('should make put request to unpublish schema',
+    it('should make put request to enable field',
         inject([SchemasService, HttpTestingController], (schemasService: SchemasService, httpMock: HttpTestingController) => {
 
-        schemasService.unpublishSchema('my-app', 'my-schema', version).subscribe();
+        schemasService.enableField('my-app', 'my-schema', 1, undefined, version).subscribe();
 
-        const req = httpMock.expectOne('http://service/p/api/apps/my-app/schemas/my-schema/unpublish');
+        const req = httpMock.expectOne('http://service/p/api/apps/my-app/schemas/my-schema/fields/1/enable');
 
         expect(req.request.method).toEqual('PUT');
         expect(req.request.headers.get('If-Match')).toBe(version.value);
@@ -427,12 +529,12 @@ describe('SchemasService', () => {
         req.flush({});
     }));
 
-    it('should make put request to enable field',
+    it('should make put request to enable nested field',
         inject([SchemasService, HttpTestingController], (schemasService: SchemasService, httpMock: HttpTestingController) => {
 
-        schemasService.enableField('my-app', 'my-schema', 1, version).subscribe();
+        schemasService.enableField('my-app', 'my-schema', 1, 13, version).subscribe();
 
-        const req = httpMock.expectOne('http://service/p/api/apps/my-app/schemas/my-schema/fields/1/enable');
+        const req = httpMock.expectOne('http://service/p/api/apps/my-app/schemas/my-schema/fields/13/nested/1/enable');
 
         expect(req.request.method).toEqual('PUT');
         expect(req.request.headers.get('If-Match')).toBe(version.value);
@@ -443,7 +545,7 @@ describe('SchemasService', () => {
     it('should make put request to disable field',
         inject([SchemasService, HttpTestingController], (schemasService: SchemasService, httpMock: HttpTestingController) => {
 
-        schemasService.disableField('my-app', 'my-schema', 1, version).subscribe();
+        schemasService.disableField('my-app', 'my-schema', 1, undefined, version).subscribe();
 
         const req = httpMock.expectOne('http://service/p/api/apps/my-app/schemas/my-schema/fields/1/disable');
 
@@ -453,12 +555,12 @@ describe('SchemasService', () => {
         req.flush({});
     }));
 
-    it('should make put request to lock field',
+    it('should make put request to disable nested field',
         inject([SchemasService, HttpTestingController], (schemasService: SchemasService, httpMock: HttpTestingController) => {
 
-        schemasService.lockField('my-app', 'my-schema', 1, version).subscribe();
+        schemasService.disableField('my-app', 'my-schema', 1, 13, version).subscribe();
 
-        const req = httpMock.expectOne('http://service/p/api/apps/my-app/schemas/my-schema/fields/1/lock');
+        const req = httpMock.expectOne('http://service/p/api/apps/my-app/schemas/my-schema/fields/13/nested/1/disable');
 
         expect(req.request.method).toEqual('PUT');
         expect(req.request.headers.get('If-Match')).toBe(version.value);
@@ -469,7 +571,7 @@ describe('SchemasService', () => {
     it('should make put request to show field',
         inject([SchemasService, HttpTestingController], (schemasService: SchemasService, httpMock: HttpTestingController) => {
 
-        schemasService.showField('my-app', 'my-schema', 1, version).subscribe();
+        schemasService.showField('my-app', 'my-schema', 1, undefined, version).subscribe();
 
         const req = httpMock.expectOne('http://service/p/api/apps/my-app/schemas/my-schema/fields/1/show');
 
@@ -479,10 +581,23 @@ describe('SchemasService', () => {
         req.flush({});
     }));
 
+    it('should make put request to show nested field',
+        inject([SchemasService, HttpTestingController], (schemasService: SchemasService, httpMock: HttpTestingController) => {
+
+        schemasService.showField('my-app', 'my-schema', 1, 13, version).subscribe();
+
+        const req = httpMock.expectOne('http://service/p/api/apps/my-app/schemas/my-schema/fields/13/nested/1/show');
+
+        expect(req.request.method).toEqual('PUT');
+        expect(req.request.headers.get('If-Match')).toBe(version.value);
+
+        req.flush({});
+    }));
+
     it('should make put request to hide field',
         inject([SchemasService, HttpTestingController], (schemasService: SchemasService, httpMock: HttpTestingController) => {
 
-        schemasService.hideField('my-app', 'my-schema', 1, version).subscribe();
+        schemasService.hideField('my-app', 'my-schema', 1, undefined, version).subscribe();
 
         const req = httpMock.expectOne('http://service/p/api/apps/my-app/schemas/my-schema/fields/1/hide');
 
@@ -492,10 +607,23 @@ describe('SchemasService', () => {
         req.flush({});
     }));
 
+    it('should make put request to hide nested field',
+        inject([SchemasService, HttpTestingController], (schemasService: SchemasService, httpMock: HttpTestingController) => {
+
+        schemasService.hideField('my-app', 'my-schema', 1, 13, version).subscribe();
+
+        const req = httpMock.expectOne('http://service/p/api/apps/my-app/schemas/my-schema/fields/13/nested/1/hide');
+
+        expect(req.request.method).toEqual('PUT');
+        expect(req.request.headers.get('If-Match')).toBe(version.value);
+
+        req.flush({});
+    }));
+
     it('should make delete request to delete field',
         inject([SchemasService, HttpTestingController], (schemasService: SchemasService, httpMock: HttpTestingController) => {
 
-        schemasService.deleteField('my-app', 'my-schema', 1, version).subscribe();
+        schemasService.deleteField('my-app', 'my-schema', 1, undefined, version).subscribe();
 
         const req = httpMock.expectOne('http://service/p/api/apps/my-app/schemas/my-schema/fields/1');
 
@@ -505,6 +633,19 @@ describe('SchemasService', () => {
         req.flush({});
     }));
 
+    it('should make delete request to delete nested field',
+        inject([SchemasService, HttpTestingController], (schemasService: SchemasService, httpMock: HttpTestingController) => {
+
+        schemasService.deleteField('my-app', 'my-schema', 1, 13, version).subscribe();
+
+        const req = httpMock.expectOne('http://service/p/api/apps/my-app/schemas/my-schema/fields/13/nested/1');
+
+        expect(req.request.method).toEqual('DELETE');
+        expect(req.request.headers.get('If-Match')).toBe(version.value);
+
+        req.flush({});
+    }));
+
     it('should make delete request to delete schema',
         inject([SchemasService, HttpTestingController], (schemasService: SchemasService, httpMock: HttpTestingController) => {
 
@@ -517,4 +658,17 @@ describe('SchemasService', () => {
 
         req.flush({});
     }));
+
+    it('should make put request to lock field',
+        inject([SchemasService, HttpTestingController], (schemasService: SchemasService, httpMock: HttpTestingController) => {
+
+        schemasService.lockField('my-app', 'my-schema', 1, version).subscribe();
+
+        const req = httpMock.expectOne('http://service/p/api/apps/my-app/schemas/my-schema/fields/1/lock');
+
+        expect(req.request.method).toEqual('PUT');
+        expect(req.request.headers.get('If-Match')).toBe(version.value);
+
+        req.flush({});
+    }));
 });

src/Squidex/app/shared/services/schemas.service.ts

@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@ import {
     ApiUrlConfig,
     DateTime,
     HTTP,
+    Model,
     StringHelper,
     ValidatorsEx,
     Version,
@@ -60,32 +61,35 @@ export function createProperties(fieldType: string, values: Object | null = null
     let properties: FieldPropertiesDto;
 
     switch (fieldType) {
-        case 'Number':
-            properties = new NumberFieldPropertiesDto(null, null, null, null, false, false, false, 'Input');
+        case 'Array':
+            properties = new ArrayFieldPropertiesDto();
             break;
-        case 'String':
-            properties = new StringFieldPropertiesDto(null, null, null, null, false, false, false, 'Input');
+        case 'Assets':
+            properties = new AssetsFieldPropertiesDto();
             break;
         case 'Boolean':
-            properties = new BooleanFieldPropertiesDto(null, null, null, null, false, false, false, 'Checkbox');
+            properties = new BooleanFieldPropertiesDto('Checkbox');
             break;
         case 'DateTime':
-            properties = new DateTimeFieldPropertiesDto(null, null, null, null, false, false, 'DateTime');
+            properties = new DateTimeFieldPropertiesDto('DateTime');
             break;
         case 'Geolocation':
-            properties = new GeolocationFieldPropertiesDto(null, null, null, null, false, false, 'Map');
+            properties = new GeolocationFieldPropertiesDto();
             break;
         case 'Json':
-            properties = new JsonFieldPropertiesDto(null, null, null, null, false, false);
+            properties = new JsonFieldPropertiesDto();
+            break;
+        case 'Number':
+            properties = new NumberFieldPropertiesDto('Input');
             break;
         case 'References':
-            properties = new ReferencesFieldPropertiesDto(null, null, null, null, false, false);
+            properties = new ReferencesFieldPropertiesDto();
             break;
-        case 'Assets':
-            properties = new AssetsFieldPropertiesDto(null, null, null, null, false, false);
+        case 'String':
+            properties = new StringFieldPropertiesDto('Input');
             break;
         case 'Tags':
-            properties = new TagsFieldPropertiesDto(null, null, null, null, false, false);
+            properties = new TagsFieldPropertiesDto();
             break;
         default:
             throw 'Invalid properties type';
@@ -98,8 +102,8 @@ export function createProperties(fieldType: string, values: Object | null = null
     return properties;
 }
 
-export class SchemaDto {
-    public readonly displayName = StringHelper.firstNonEmpty(this.properties.label, this.name);
+export class SchemaDto extends Model {
+    public displayName: string;
 
     constructor(
         public readonly id: string,
@@ -107,27 +111,42 @@ export class SchemaDto {
         public readonly category: string,
         public readonly properties: SchemaPropertiesDto,
         public readonly isPublished: boolean,
-        public readonly createdBy: string,
-        public readonly lastModifiedBy: string,
         public readonly created: DateTime,
+        public readonly createdBy: string,
         public readonly lastModified: DateTime,
+        public readonly lastModifiedBy: string,
         public readonly version: Version
     ) {
+        super();
+    }
+
+    public onCreated() {
+        this.displayName = StringHelper.firstNonEmpty(this.properties.label, this.name);
+    }
+
+    public with(value: Partial<SchemaDto>): SchemaDto {
+        return this.clone(value);
     }
 }
 
 export class SchemaDetailsDto extends SchemaDto {
-    public readonly listFields: FieldDto[];
+    public listFields: RootFieldDto[];
 
-    constructor(id: string, name: string, category: string, properties: SchemaPropertiesDto, isPublished: boolean, createdBy: string, lastModifiedBy: string, created: DateTime, lastModified: DateTime, version: Version,
-        public readonly fields: FieldDto[],
+    constructor(id: string, name: string, category: string, properties: SchemaPropertiesDto, isPublished: boolean, created: DateTime, createdBy: string, lastModified: DateTime, lastModifiedBy: string, version: Version,
+        public readonly fields: RootFieldDto[],
         public readonly scriptQuery?: string,
         public readonly scriptCreate?: string,
         public readonly scriptUpdate?: string,
         public readonly scriptDelete?: string,
         public readonly scriptChange?: string
     ) {
-        super(id, name, category, properties, isPublished, createdBy, lastModifiedBy, created, lastModified, version);
+        super(id, name, category, properties, isPublished, created, createdBy, lastModified, lastModifiedBy, version);
+
+        this.onCreated();
+    }
+
+    public onCreated() {
+        super.onCreated();
 
         this.listFields = this.fields.filter(x => x.properties.isListField);
 
@@ -139,23 +158,27 @@ export class SchemaDetailsDto extends SchemaDto {
             this.listFields = [<any>{ properties: {} }];
         }
     }
-}
 
-export class FieldDto {
-    public readonly displayName = StringHelper.firstNonEmpty(this.properties.label, this.name);
-    public readonly displayPlaceholder = this.properties.placeholder || '';
+    public with(value: Partial<SchemaDetailsDto>): SchemaDetailsDto {
+        return this.clone(value);
+    }
+}
 
-    public readonly isLocalizable = this.partitioning !== 'invariant';
+export class FieldDto extends Model {
+    public displayName: string;
+    public displayPlaceholder: string;
 
     constructor(
         public readonly fieldId: number,
         public readonly name: string,
-        public readonly isLocked: boolean,
-        public readonly isHidden: boolean,
-        public readonly isDisabled: boolean,
-        public readonly partitioning: string,
         public readonly properties: FieldPropertiesDto
     ) {
+        super();
+    }
+
+    public onCreated() {
+        this.displayName = StringHelper.firstNonEmpty(this.properties.label, this.name);
+        this.displayPlaceholder = this.properties.placeholder || '';
     }
 
     public formatValue(value: any): string {
@@ -169,18 +192,66 @@ export class FieldDto {
     public defaultValue(): any {
         return this.properties.getDefaultValue();
     }
+
+    public with(value: Partial<FieldDto>): FieldDto {
+        return this.clone(value);
+    }
+}
+
+export class RootFieldDto extends FieldDto {
+    public readonly isLocalizable = this.partitioning === 'language';
+
+    constructor(fieldId: number, name: string, properties: FieldPropertiesDto,
+        public readonly partitioning: string,
+        public readonly isHidden: boolean = false,
+        public readonly isDisabled: boolean = false,
+        public readonly isLocked: boolean = false,
+        public readonly nested: NestedFieldDto[] = []
+    ) {
+        super(fieldId, name, properties);
+
+        this.onCreated();
+    }
+
+    public with(value: Partial<RootFieldDto>): RootFieldDto {
+        return this.clone(value);
+    }
+}
+
+export class NestedFieldDto extends FieldDto {
+    constructor(fieldId: number, name: string, properties: FieldPropertiesDto,
+        public readonly parentId: number,
+        public readonly isHidden: boolean = false,
+        public readonly isDisabled: boolean = false
+    ) {
+        super(fieldId, name, properties);
+
+        this.onCreated();
+    }
+
+    public with(value: Partial<NestedFieldDto>): NestedFieldDto {
+        return this.clone(value);
+    }
 }
 
+export type AnyFieldDto = RootFieldDto | NestedFieldDto;
+
 export abstract class FieldPropertiesDto {
-    constructor(
-        public readonly fieldType: string,
-        public readonly label: string | null,
-        public readonly hints: string | null,
-        public readonly placeholder: string | null,
-        public readonly editorUrl: string | null,
-        public readonly isRequired: boolean,
-        public readonly isListField: boolean
+    public abstract fieldType: string;
+
+    public readonly editorUrl?: string;
+    public readonly label?: string;
+    public readonly hints?: string;
+    public readonly placeholder?: string;
+    public readonly isRequired: boolean = false;
+    public readonly isListField: boolean = false;
+
+    constructor(public readonly editor: string,
+        props?: Partial<FieldPropertiesDto>
     ) {
+        if (props) {
+            Object.assign(this, props);
+        }
     }
 
     public abstract formatValue(value: any): string;
@@ -192,20 +263,16 @@ export abstract class FieldPropertiesDto {
     }
 }
 
-export class StringFieldPropertiesDto extends FieldPropertiesDto {
-    constructor(label: string | null, hints: string | null, placeholder: string | null, editorUrl: string | null,
-        isRequired: boolean,
-        isListField: boolean,
-        public readonly inlineEditable: boolean,
-        public readonly editor: string,
-        public readonly defaultValue?: string,
-        public readonly pattern?: string,
-        public readonly patternMessage?: string,
-        public readonly minLength?: number,
-        public readonly maxLength?: number,
-        public readonly allowedValues?: string[]
+export class ArrayFieldPropertiesDto extends FieldPropertiesDto {
+    public readonly fieldType = 'Array';
+
+    public readonly minItems?: number;
+    public readonly maxItems?: number;
+
+    constructor(
+        props?: Partial<ArrayFieldPropertiesDto>
     ) {
-        super('String', label, hints, placeholder, editorUrl, isRequired, isListField);
+        super('Default', props);
     }
 
     public formatValue(value: any): string {
@@ -213,58 +280,52 @@ export class StringFieldPropertiesDto extends FieldPropertiesDto {
             return '';
         }
 
-        return value;
+        if (value.length) {
+            return `${value.length} Items(s)`;
+        } else {
+            return '0 Items';
+        }
     }
 
-    public createValidators(isOptional: false): ValidatorFn[] {
+    public createValidators(isOptional: boolean): ValidatorFn[] {
         const validators: ValidatorFn[] = [];
 
         if (this.isRequired && !isOptional) {
             validators.push(Validators.required);
         }
 
-        if (this.minLength) {
-            validators.push(Validators.minLength(this.minLength));
-        }
-
-        if (this.maxLength) {
-            validators.push(Validators.maxLength(this.maxLength));
-        }
-
-        if (this.pattern && this.pattern.length > 0) {
-            validators.push(ValidatorsEx.pattern(this.pattern, this.patternMessage));
+        if (this.minItems) {
+            validators.push(Validators.minLength(this.minItems));
         }
 
-        if (this.allowedValues && this.allowedValues.length > 0) {
-            const values: (string | null)[] = this.allowedValues;
-
-            if (this.isRequired && !isOptional) {
-                validators.push(ValidatorsEx.validValues(values));
-            } else {
-                validators.push(ValidatorsEx.validValues(values.concat([null])));
-            }
+        if (this.maxItems) {
+            validators.push(Validators.maxLength(this.maxItems));
         }
 
         return validators;
     }
-
-    public getDefaultValue(): any {
-        return this.defaultValue;
-    }
 }
 
-export class NumberFieldPropertiesDto extends FieldPropertiesDto {
-    constructor(label: string | null, hints: string | null, placeholder: string | null, editorUrl: string | null,
-        isRequired: boolean,
-        isListField: boolean,
-        public readonly inlineEditable: boolean,
-        public readonly editor: string,
-        public readonly defaultValue?: number,
-        public readonly maxValue?: number,
-        public readonly minValue?: number,
-        public readonly allowedValues?: number[]
+export class AssetsFieldPropertiesDto extends FieldPropertiesDto {
+    public readonly fieldType = 'Assets';
+
+    public readonly minItems?: number;
+    public readonly maxItems?: number;
+    public readonly minSize?: number;
+    public readonly maxSize?: number;
+    public readonly allowedExtensions?: string[];
+    public readonly mustBeImage?: boolean;
+    public readonly minWidth?: number;
+    public readonly maxWidth?: number;
+    public readonly minHeight?: number;
+    public readonly maxHeight?: number;
+    public readonly aspectWidth?: number;
+    public readonly aspectHeight?: number;
+
+    constructor(
+        props?: Partial<AssetsFieldPropertiesDto>
     ) {
-        super('Number', label, hints, placeholder, editorUrl, isRequired, isListField);
+        super('Default', props);
     }
 
     public formatValue(value: any): string {
@@ -272,7 +333,11 @@ export class NumberFieldPropertiesDto extends FieldPropertiesDto {
             return '';
         }
 
-        return value;
+        if (value.length) {
+            return `${value.length} Asset(s)`;
+        } else {
+            return '0 Assets';
+        }
     }
 
     public createValidators(isOptional: boolean): ValidatorFn[] {
@@ -282,22 +347,43 @@ export class NumberFieldPropertiesDto extends FieldPropertiesDto {
             validators.push(Validators.required);
         }
 
-        if (this.minValue) {
-            validators.push(Validators.min(this.minValue));
+        if (this.minItems) {
+            validators.push(Validators.minLength(this.minItems));
         }
 
-        if (this.maxValue) {
-            validators.push(Validators.max(this.maxValue));
+        if (this.maxItems) {
+            validators.push(Validators.maxLength(this.maxItems));
         }
 
-        if (this.allowedValues && this.allowedValues.length > 0) {
-            const values: (number | null)[] = this.allowedValues;
+        return validators;
+    }
+}
 
-            if (this.isRequired && !isOptional) {
-                validators.push(ValidatorsEx.validValues(values));
-            } else {
-                validators.push(ValidatorsEx.validValues(values.concat([null])));
-            }
+export class BooleanFieldPropertiesDto extends FieldPropertiesDto {
+    public readonly fieldType = 'Boolean';
+
+    public readonly inlineEditable: boolean = false;
+    public readonly defaultValue?: boolean;
+
+    constructor(editor: string,
+        props?: Partial<BooleanFieldPropertiesDto>
+    ) {
+        super(editor, props);
+    }
+
+    public formatValue(value: any): string {
+        if (value === null || value === undefined) {
+            return '';
+        }
+
+        return value ? 'Yes' : 'No';
+    }
+
+    public createValidators(isOptional: boolean): ValidatorFn[] {
+        const validators: ValidatorFn[] = [];
+
+        if (this.isRequired && !isOptional) {
+            validators.push(Validators.required);
         }
 
         return validators;
@@ -309,16 +395,17 @@ export class NumberFieldPropertiesDto extends FieldPropertiesDto {
 }
 
 export class DateTimeFieldPropertiesDto extends FieldPropertiesDto {
-    constructor(label: string | null, hints: string | null, placeholder: string | null, editorUrl: string | null,
-        isRequired: boolean,
-        isListField: boolean,
-        public readonly editor: string,
-        public readonly defaultValue?: string,
-        public readonly maxValue?: string,
-        public readonly minValue?: string,
-        public readonly calculatedDefaultValue?: string
+    public readonly fieldType = 'DateTime';
+
+    public readonly defaultValue?: string;
+    public readonly maxValue?: string;
+    public readonly minValue?: string;
+    public readonly calculatedDefaultValue?: string;
+
+    constructor(editor: string,
+        props?: Partial<DateTimeFieldPropertiesDto>
     ) {
-        super('DateTime', label, hints, placeholder, editorUrl, isRequired, isListField);
+        super(editor, props);
     }
 
     public formatValue(value: any): string {
@@ -362,23 +449,21 @@ export class DateTimeFieldPropertiesDto extends FieldPropertiesDto {
     }
 }
 
-export class BooleanFieldPropertiesDto extends FieldPropertiesDto {
-    constructor(label: string | null, hints: string | null, placeholder: string | null, editorUrl: string | null,
-        isRequired: boolean,
-        isListField: boolean,
-        public readonly inlineEditable: boolean,
-        public readonly editor: string,
-        public readonly defaultValue?: boolean
+export class GeolocationFieldPropertiesDto extends FieldPropertiesDto {
+    public readonly fieldType = 'Geolocation';
+
+    constructor(
+        props?: Partial<GeolocationFieldPropertiesDto>
     ) {
-        super('Boolean', label, hints, placeholder, editorUrl, isRequired, isListField);
+        super('Default', props);
     }
 
     public formatValue(value: any): string {
-        if (value === null || value === undefined) {
+        if (!value) {
             return '';
         }
 
-        return value ? 'Yes' : 'No';
+        return `${value.longitude}, ${value.latitude}`;
     }
 
     public createValidators(isOptional: boolean): ValidatorFn[] {
@@ -390,19 +475,15 @@ export class BooleanFieldPropertiesDto extends FieldPropertiesDto {
 
         return validators;
     }
-
-    public getDefaultValue(): any {
-        return this.defaultValue;
-    }
 }
 
-export class GeolocationFieldPropertiesDto extends FieldPropertiesDto {
-    constructor(label: string | null, hints: string | null, placeholder: string | null, editorUrl: string | null,
-        isRequired: boolean,
-        isListField: boolean,
-        public readonly editor: string
+export class JsonFieldPropertiesDto extends FieldPropertiesDto {
+    public readonly fieldType = 'Json';
+
+    constructor(
+        props?: Partial<JsonFieldPropertiesDto>
     ) {
-        super('Geolocation', label, hints, placeholder, editorUrl, isRequired, isListField);
+        super('Default', props);
     }
 
     public formatValue(value: any): string {
@@ -410,7 +491,7 @@ export class GeolocationFieldPropertiesDto extends FieldPropertiesDto {
             return '';
         }
 
-        return `${value.longitude}, ${value.latitude}`;
+        return '<Json />';
     }
 
     public createValidators(isOptional: boolean): ValidatorFn[] {
@@ -424,15 +505,19 @@ export class GeolocationFieldPropertiesDto extends FieldPropertiesDto {
     }
 }
 
-export class ReferencesFieldPropertiesDto extends FieldPropertiesDto {
-    constructor(label: string | null, hints: string | null, placeholder: string | null, editorUrl: string | null,
-        isRequired: boolean,
-        isListField: boolean,
-        public readonly minItems?: number,
-        public readonly maxItems?: number,
-        public readonly schemaId?: string
+export class NumberFieldPropertiesDto extends FieldPropertiesDto {
+    public readonly fieldType = 'Number';
+
+    public readonly inlineEditable: boolean = false;
+    public readonly defaultValue?: number;
+    public readonly maxValue?: number;
+    public readonly minValue?: number;
+    public readonly allowedValues?: number[];
+
+    constructor(editor: string,
+        props?: Partial<NumberFieldPropertiesDto>
     ) {
-        super('References', label, hints, placeholder, editorUrl, isRequired, isListField);
+        super(editor, props);
     }
 
     public formatValue(value: any): string {
@@ -440,11 +525,7 @@ export class ReferencesFieldPropertiesDto extends FieldPropertiesDto {
             return '';
         }
 
-        if (value.length) {
-            return `${value.length} Reference(s)`;
-        } else {
-            return '0 References';
-        }
+        return value;
     }
 
     public createValidators(isOptional: boolean): ValidatorFn[] {
@@ -454,36 +535,43 @@ export class ReferencesFieldPropertiesDto extends FieldPropertiesDto {
             validators.push(Validators.required);
         }
 
-        if (this.minItems) {
-            validators.push(Validators.minLength(this.minItems));
+        if (this.minValue) {
+            validators.push(Validators.min(this.minValue));
         }
 
-        if (this.maxItems) {
-            validators.push(Validators.maxLength(this.maxItems));
+        if (this.maxValue) {
+            validators.push(Validators.max(this.maxValue));
+        }
+
+        if (this.allowedValues && this.allowedValues.length > 0) {
+            const values: (number | null)[] = this.allowedValues;
+
+            if (this.isRequired && !isOptional) {
+                validators.push(ValidatorsEx.validValues(values));
+            } else {
+                validators.push(ValidatorsEx.validValues(values.concat([null])));
+            }
         }
 
         return validators;
     }
+
+    public getDefaultValue(): any {
+        return this.defaultValue;
+    }
 }
 
-export class AssetsFieldPropertiesDto extends FieldPropertiesDto {
-    constructor(label: string | null, hints: string | null, placeholder: string | null, editorUrl: string | null,
-        isRequired: boolean,
-        isListField: boolean,
-        public readonly minItems?: number,
-        public readonly maxItems?: number,
-        public readonly minSize?: number,
-        public readonly maxSize?: number,
-        public readonly allowedExtensions?: string[],
-        public readonly mustBeImage?: boolean,
-        public readonly minWidth?: number,
-        public readonly maxWidth?: number,
-        public readonly minHeight?: number,
-        public readonly maxHeight?: number,
-        public readonly aspectWidth?: number,
-        public readonly aspectHeight?: number
+export class ReferencesFieldPropertiesDto extends FieldPropertiesDto {
+    public readonly fieldType = 'References';
+
+    public readonly minItems?: number;
+    public readonly maxItems?: number;
+    public readonly schemaId?: string;
+
+    constructor(
+        props?: Partial<ReferencesFieldPropertiesDto>
     ) {
-        super('Assets', label, hints, placeholder, editorUrl, isRequired, isListField);
+        super('Default', props);
     }
 
     public formatValue(value: any): string {
@@ -492,9 +580,9 @@ export class AssetsFieldPropertiesDto extends FieldPropertiesDto {
         }
 
         if (value.length) {
-            return `${value.length} Asset(s)`;
+            return `${value.length} Reference(s)`;
         } else {
-            return '0 Assets';
+            return '0 References';
         }
     }
 
@@ -517,14 +605,21 @@ export class AssetsFieldPropertiesDto extends FieldPropertiesDto {
     }
 }
 
-export class TagsFieldPropertiesDto extends FieldPropertiesDto {
-    constructor(label: string | null, hints: string | null, placeholder: string | null, editorUrl: string | null,
-        isRequired: boolean,
-        isListField: boolean,
-        public readonly minItems?: number,
-        public readonly maxItems?: number
+export class StringFieldPropertiesDto extends FieldPropertiesDto {
+    public readonly fieldType = 'String';
+
+    public readonly inlineEditable = false;
+    public readonly defaultValue?: string;
+    public readonly pattern?: string;
+    public readonly patternMessage?: string;
+    public readonly minLength?: number;
+    public readonly maxLength?: number;
+    public readonly allowedValues?: string[];
+
+    constructor(editor: string,
+        props?: Partial<StringFieldPropertiesDto>
     ) {
-        super('Tags', label, hints, placeholder, editorUrl, isRequired, isListField);
+        super(editor, props);
     }
 
     public formatValue(value: any): string {
@@ -532,38 +627,56 @@ export class TagsFieldPropertiesDto extends FieldPropertiesDto {
             return '';
         }
 
-        if (value.length) {
-            return value.join(', ');
-        } else {
-            return '';
-        }
+        return value;
     }
 
-    public createValidators(isOptional: boolean): ValidatorFn[] {
+    public createValidators(isOptional: false): ValidatorFn[] {
         const validators: ValidatorFn[] = [];
 
         if (this.isRequired && !isOptional) {
             validators.push(Validators.required);
         }
 
-        if (this.minItems) {
-            validators.push(Validators.minLength(this.minItems));
+        if (this.minLength) {
+            validators.push(Validators.minLength(this.minLength));
         }
 
-        if (this.maxItems) {
-            validators.push(Validators.maxLength(this.maxItems));
+        if (this.maxLength) {
+            validators.push(Validators.maxLength(this.maxLength));
+        }
+
+        if (this.pattern && this.pattern.length > 0) {
+            validators.push(ValidatorsEx.pattern(this.pattern, this.patternMessage));
+        }
+
+        if (this.allowedValues && this.allowedValues.length > 0) {
+            const values: (string | null)[] = this.allowedValues;
+
+            if (this.isRequired && !isOptional) {
+                validators.push(ValidatorsEx.validValues(values));
+            } else {
+                validators.push(ValidatorsEx.validValues(values.concat([null])));
+            }
         }
 
         return validators;
     }
+
+    public getDefaultValue(): any {
+        return this.defaultValue;
+    }
 }
 
-export class JsonFieldPropertiesDto extends FieldPropertiesDto {
-    constructor(label: string | null, hints: string | null, placeholder: string | null, editorUrl: string | null,
-        isRequired: boolean,
-        isListField: boolean
+export class TagsFieldPropertiesDto extends FieldPropertiesDto {
+    public readonly fieldType = 'Tags';
+
+    public readonly minItems?: number;
+    public readonly maxItems?: number;
+
+    constructor(
+        props?: Partial<TagsFieldPropertiesDto>
     ) {
-        super('Json', label, hints, placeholder, editorUrl, isRequired, isListField);
+        super('Default', props);
     }
 
     public formatValue(value: any): string {
@@ -571,7 +684,11 @@ export class JsonFieldPropertiesDto extends FieldPropertiesDto {
             return '';
         }
 
-        return '<Json />';
+        if (value.length) {
+            return value.join(', ');
+        } else {
+            return '';
+        }
     }
 
     public createValidators(isOptional: boolean): ValidatorFn[] {
@@ -581,6 +698,14 @@ export class JsonFieldPropertiesDto extends FieldPropertiesDto {
             validators.push(Validators.required);
         }
 
+        if (this.minItems) {
+            validators.push(Validators.minLength(this.minItems));
+        }
+
+        if (this.maxItems) {
+            validators.push(Validators.maxLength(this.maxItems));
+        }
+
         return validators;
     }
 }
@@ -627,7 +752,7 @@ export class UpdateFieldDto {
 export class CreateSchemaDto {
     constructor(
         public readonly name: string,
-        public readonly fields?: FieldDto[],
+        public readonly fields?: RootFieldDto[],
         public readonly properties?: SchemaPropertiesDto
     ) {
     }
@@ -668,13 +793,10 @@ export class SchemasService {
                     return new SchemaDto(
                         item.id,
                         item.name,
-                        item.category,
-                        properties,
+                        item.category, properties,
                         item.isPublished,
-                        item.createdBy,
-                        item.lastModifiedBy,
-                        DateTime.parseISO_UTC(item.created),
-                        DateTime.parseISO_UTC(item.lastModified),
+                        DateTime.parseISO_UTC(item.created), item.createdBy,
+                        DateTime.parseISO_UTC(item.lastModified), item.lastModifiedBy,
                         new Version(item.version.toString()));
                 });
             })
@@ -694,14 +816,34 @@ export class SchemasService {
                             item.properties.fieldType,
                             item.properties);
 
-                    return new FieldDto(
+                    let nested: NestedFieldDto[] | null = null;
+
+                    if (item.nested && item.nested.length > 0) {
+                        nested = item.nested.map((nestedItem: any) => {
+                            const nestedPropertiesDto =
+                                createProperties(
+                                    nestedItem.properties.fieldType,
+                                    nestedItem.properties);
+
+                            return new NestedFieldDto(
+                                nestedItem.fieldId,
+                                nestedItem.name,
+                                nestedPropertiesDto,
+                                item.fieldId,
+                                nestedItem.isHidden,
+                                nestedItem.isDisabled);
+                        });
+                    }
+
+                    return new RootFieldDto(
                         item.fieldId,
                         item.name,
-                        item.isLocked,
+                        propertiesDto,
+                        item.partitioning,
                         item.isHidden,
                         item.isDisabled,
-                        item.partitioning,
-                        propertiesDto);
+                        item.isLocked,
+                        nested || []);
                 });
 
                 const properties = new SchemaPropertiesDto(body.properties.label, body.properties.hints);
@@ -712,10 +854,8 @@ export class SchemasService {
                     body.category,
                     properties,
                     body.isPublished,
-                    body.createdBy,
-                    body.lastModifiedBy,
-                    DateTime.parseISO_UTC(body.created),
-                    DateTime.parseISO_UTC(body.lastModified),
+                    DateTime.parseISO_UTC(body.created), body.createdBy,
+                    DateTime.parseISO_UTC(body.lastModified), body.lastModifiedBy,
                     response.version,
                     fields,
                     body.scriptQuery,
@@ -742,10 +882,8 @@ export class SchemasService {
                     '',
                     dto.properties || new SchemaPropertiesDto(),
                     false,
-                    user,
-                    user,
-                    now,
-                    now,
+                    now, user,
+                    now, user,
                     response.version,
                     dto.fields || [],
                     body.scriptQuery,
@@ -760,30 +898,6 @@ export class SchemasService {
             .pretifyError('Failed to create schema. Please reload.');
     }
 
-    public postField(appName: string, schemaName: string, dto: AddFieldDto, version: Version): Observable<Versioned<FieldDto>> {
-        const url = this.apiUrl.buildUrl(`api/apps/${appName}/schemas/${schemaName}/fields`);
-
-        return HTTP.postVersioned<any>(this.http, url, dto, version)
-            .map(response => {
-                const body = response.payload.body;
-
-                const field = new FieldDto(
-                    body.id,
-                    dto.name,
-                    false,
-                    false,
-                    false,
-                    dto.partitioning,
-                    dto.properties);
-
-                return new Versioned(response.version, field);
-            })
-            .do(() => {
-                this.analytics.trackEvent('Schema', 'FieldCreated', appName);
-            })
-            .pretifyError('Failed to add field. Please reload.');
-    }
-
     public deleteSchema(appName: string, schemaName: string, version: Version): Observable<Versioned<any>> {
         const url = this.apiUrl.buildUrl(`api/apps/${appName}/schemas/${schemaName}`);
 
@@ -814,16 +928,6 @@ export class SchemasService {
             .pretifyError('Failed to update schema. Please reload.');
     }
 
-    public putFieldOrdering(appName: string, schemaName: string, dto: number[], version: Version): Observable<Versioned<any>> {
-        const url = this.apiUrl.buildUrl(`api/apps/${appName}/schemas/${schemaName}/fields/ordering`);
-
-        return HTTP.putVersioned(this.http, url, { fieldIds: dto }, version)
-            .do(() => {
-                this.analytics.trackEvent('Schema', 'FieldsReordered', appName);
-            })
-            .pretifyError('Failed to reorder fields. Please reload.');
-    }
-
     public publishSchema(appName: string, schemaName: string, version: Version): Observable<Versioned<any>> {
         const url = this.apiUrl.buildUrl(`api/apps/${appName}/schemas/${schemaName}/publish`);
 
@@ -854,8 +958,41 @@ export class SchemasService {
             .pretifyError('Failed to change category. Please reload.');
     }
 
-    public putField(appName: string, schemaName: string, fieldId: number, dto: UpdateFieldDto, version: Version): Observable<Versioned<any>> {
-        const url = this.apiUrl.buildUrl(`api/apps/${appName}/schemas/${schemaName}/fields/${fieldId}`);
+    public postField(appName: string, schemaName: string, dto: AddFieldDto, parentId: number | undefined, version: Version): Observable<Versioned<AnyFieldDto>> {
+        const url = this.buildUrl(appName, schemaName, parentId, '');
+
+        return HTTP.postVersioned<any>(this.http, url, dto, version)
+            .map(response => {
+                const body = response.payload.body;
+
+                if (parentId) {
+                    const field = new NestedFieldDto(body.id, dto.name, dto.properties, parentId);
+
+                    return new Versioned(response.version, field);
+                } else {
+                    const field = new RootFieldDto(body.id, dto.name, dto.properties, dto.partitioning);
+
+                    return new Versioned(response.version, field);
+                }
+            })
+            .do(() => {
+                this.analytics.trackEvent('Schema', 'FieldCreated', appName);
+            })
+            .pretifyError('Failed to add field. Please reload.');
+    }
+
+    public putFieldOrdering(appName: string, schemaName: string, dto: number[], parentId: number | undefined, version: Version): Observable<Versioned<any>> {
+        const url = this.buildUrl(appName, schemaName, parentId, '/ordering');
+
+        return HTTP.putVersioned(this.http, url, { fieldIds: dto }, version)
+            .do(() => {
+                this.analytics.trackEvent('Schema', 'FieldsReordered', appName);
+            })
+            .pretifyError('Failed to reorder fields. Please reload.');
+    }
+
+    public putField(appName: string, schemaName: string, fieldId: number, dto: UpdateFieldDto, parentId: number | undefined, version: Version): Observable<Versioned<any>> {
+        const url = this.buildUrl(appName, schemaName, parentId, `/${fieldId}`);
 
         return HTTP.putVersioned(this.http, url, dto, version)
             .do(() => {
@@ -864,38 +1001,38 @@ export class SchemasService {
             .pretifyError('Failed to update field. Please reload.');
     }
 
-    public enableField(appName: string, schemaName: string, fieldId: number, version: Version): Observable<Versioned<any>> {
-        const url = this.apiUrl.buildUrl(`api/apps/${appName}/schemas/${schemaName}/fields/${fieldId}/enable`);
+    public lockField(appName: string, schemaName: string, fieldId: number, version: Version): Observable<Versioned<any>> {
+        const url = this.apiUrl.buildUrl(`api/apps/${appName}/schemas/${schemaName}/fields/${fieldId}/lock`);
 
         return HTTP.putVersioned(this.http, url, {}, version)
             .do(() => {
-                this.analytics.trackEvent('Schema', 'FieldEnabled', appName);
+                this.analytics.trackEvent('Schema', 'FieldLocked', appName);
             })
-            .pretifyError('Failed to enable field. Please reload.');
+            .pretifyError('Failed to lock field. Please reload.');
     }
 
-    public disableField(appName: string, schemaName: string, fieldId: number, version: Version): Observable<Versioned<any>> {
-        const url = this.apiUrl.buildUrl(`api/apps/${appName}/schemas/${schemaName}/fields/${fieldId}/disable`);
+    public enableField(appName: string, schemaName: string, fieldId: number, parentId: number | undefined, version: Version): Observable<Versioned<any>> {
+        const url = this.buildUrl(appName, schemaName, parentId, `/${fieldId}/enable`);
 
         return HTTP.putVersioned(this.http, url, {}, version)
             .do(() => {
-                this.analytics.trackEvent('Schema', 'FieldDisabled', appName);
+                this.analytics.trackEvent('Schema', 'FieldEnabled', appName);
             })
-            .pretifyError('Failed to disable field. Please reload.');
+            .pretifyError('Failed to enable field. Please reload.');
     }
 
-    public lockField(appName: string, schemaName: string, fieldId: number, version: Version): Observable<Versioned<any>> {
-        const url = this.apiUrl.buildUrl(`api/apps/${appName}/schemas/${schemaName}/fields/${fieldId}/lock`);
+    public disableField(appName: string, schemaName: string, fieldId: number, parentId: number | undefined, version: Version): Observable<Versioned<any>> {
+        const url = this.buildUrl(appName, schemaName, parentId, `/${fieldId}/disable`);
 
         return HTTP.putVersioned(this.http, url, {}, version)
             .do(() => {
-                this.analytics.trackEvent('Schema', 'FieldLocked', appName);
+                this.analytics.trackEvent('Schema', 'FieldDisabled', appName);
             })
-            .pretifyError('Failed to lock field. Please reload.');
+            .pretifyError('Failed to disable field. Please reload.');
     }
 
-    public showField(appName: string, schemaName: string, fieldId: number, version: Version): Observable<Versioned<any>> {
-        const url = this.apiUrl.buildUrl(`api/apps/${appName}/schemas/${schemaName}/fields/${fieldId}/show`);
+    public showField(appName: string, schemaName: string, fieldId: number, parentId: number | undefined, version: Version): Observable<Versioned<any>> {
+        const url = this.buildUrl(appName, schemaName, parentId, `/${fieldId}/show`);
 
         return HTTP.putVersioned(this.http, url, {}, version)
             .do(() => {
@@ -904,8 +1041,8 @@ export class SchemasService {
             .pretifyError('Failed to show field. Please reload.');
     }
 
-    public hideField(appName: string, schemaName: string, fieldId: number, version: Version): Observable<Versioned<any>> {
-        const url = this.apiUrl.buildUrl(`api/apps/${appName}/schemas/${schemaName}/fields/${fieldId}/hide`);
+    public hideField(appName: string, schemaName: string, fieldId: number, parentId: number | undefined, version: Version): Observable<Versioned<any>> {
+        const url = this.buildUrl(appName, schemaName, parentId, `/${fieldId}/hide`);
 
         return HTTP.putVersioned(this.http, url, {}, version)
             .do(() => {
@@ -914,8 +1051,8 @@ export class SchemasService {
             .pretifyError('Failed to hide field. Please reload.');
     }
 
-    public deleteField(appName: string, schemaName: string, fieldId: number, version: Version): Observable<Versioned<any>> {
-        const url = this.apiUrl.buildUrl(`api/apps/${appName}/schemas/${schemaName}/fields/${fieldId}`);
+    public deleteField(appName: string, schemaName: string, fieldId: number, parentId: number | undefined, version: Version): Observable<Versioned<any>> {
+        const url = this.buildUrl(appName, schemaName, parentId, `/${fieldId}`);
 
         return HTTP.deleteVersioned(this.http, url, version)
             .do(() => {
@@ -923,4 +1060,13 @@ export class SchemasService {
             })
             .pretifyError('Failed to delete field. Please reload.');
     }
+
+    private buildUrl(appName: string, schemaName: string, parentId: number | undefined, suffix: string) {
+        const url =
+            parentId ?
+                this.apiUrl.buildUrl(`api/apps/${appName}/schemas/${schemaName}/fields/${parentId}/nested${suffix}`) :
+                this.apiUrl.buildUrl(`api/apps/${appName}/schemas/${schemaName}/fields${suffix}`);
+
+        return url;
+    }
 }

src/Squidex/app/shared/state/clients.state.ts

@@ -149,4 +149,4 @@ export class ClientsState extends State<Snapshot> {
 }
 
 const update = (client: AppClientDto, request: UpdateAppClientDto) =>
-    new AppClientDto(client.id, request.name || client.name, client.secret, request.permission || client.permission);
+    client.with({ name: request.name || client.name, permission: request.permission || client.permission });

src/Squidex/app/shared/state/contents.state.ts

@@ -439,74 +439,55 @@ export class ManualContentsState extends ContentsStateBase {
     }
 }
 
+const changeScheduleStatus = (content: ContentDto, status: string, dueTime: string, user: string, version: Version, now?: DateTime) =>
+    content.with({
+        scheduleJob: new ScheduleDto(status, user, DateTime.parseISO_UTC(dueTime)),
+        lastModified: now || DateTime.now(),
+        lastModifiedBy: user,
+        version
+    });
+
 const changeStatus = (content: ContentDto, status: string, user: string, version: Version, now?: DateTime) =>
-    new ContentDto(
-        content.id,
+    content.with({
         status,
-        content.createdBy, user,
-        content.created, now || DateTime.now(),
-        null,
-        content.isPending,
-        content.data,
-        content.dataDraft,
-        version);
-
-const changeScheduleStatus = (content: ContentDto, status: string, dueTime: string, user: string, version: Version, now?: DateTime) =>
-    new ContentDto(
-        content.id,
-        content.status,
-        content.createdBy, user,
-        content.created, now || DateTime.now(),
-        new ScheduleDto(status, user, DateTime.parseISO_UTC(dueTime)),
-        content.isPending,
-        content.data,
-        content.dataDraft,
-        version);
+        scheduleJob: null,
+        lastModified: now || DateTime.now(),
+        lastModifiedBy: user,
+        version
+    });
 
 const updateData = (content: ContentDto, data: any, user: string, version: Version, now?: DateTime) =>
-    new ContentDto(
-        content.id,
-        content.status,
-        content.createdBy, user,
-        content.created, now || DateTime.now(),
-        content.scheduleJob,
-        content.isPending,
-        data,
+    content.with({
         data,
-        version);
+        dataDraft: data,
+        lastModified: now || DateTime.now(),
+        lastModifiedBy: user,
+        version
+    });
 
 const updateDataDraft = (content: ContentDto, data: any, user: string, version: Version, now?: DateTime) =>
-    new ContentDto(
-        content.id,
-        content.status,
-        content.createdBy, user,
-        content.created, now || DateTime.now(),
-        content.scheduleJob,
-        true,
-        content.data,
-        data,
-        version);
+    content.with({
+        isPending: true,
+        dataDraft: data,
+        lastModified: now || DateTime.now(),
+        lastModifiedBy: user,
+        version
+    });
 
 const confirmChanges = (content: ContentDto, user: string, version: Version, now?: DateTime) =>
-    new ContentDto(
-        content.id,
-        content.status,
-        content.createdBy, user,
-        content.created, now || DateTime.now(),
-        null,
-        false,
-        content.dataDraft,
-        content.dataDraft,
-        version);
+    content.with({
+        isPending: false,
+        data: content.dataDraft,
+        lastModified: now || DateTime.now(),
+        lastModifiedBy: user,
+        version
+    });
 
 const discardChanges = (content: ContentDto, user: string, version: Version, now?: DateTime) =>
-    new ContentDto(
-        content.id,
-        content.status,
-        content.createdBy, user,
-        content.created, now || DateTime.now(),
-        content.scheduleJob,
-        false,
-        content.data,
-        content.data,
-        version);
+    content.with({
+        isPending: false,
+        dataDraft: content.data,
+        lastModified: now || DateTime.now(),
+        lastModifiedBy: user,
+        version
+    });

src/Squidex/app/shared/state/rules.state.ts

@@ -147,37 +147,27 @@ export class RulesState extends State<Snapshot> {
 }
 
 const updateTrigger = (rule: RuleDto, trigger: any, user: string, version: Version, now?: DateTime) =>
-    new RuleDto(
-        rule.id,
-        rule.createdBy, user,
-        rule.created, now || DateTime.now(),
-        version,
-        rule.isEnabled,
+    rule.with({
         trigger,
-        trigger.triggerType,
-        rule.action,
-        rule.action.actionType);
+        triggerType: trigger.triggerType,
+        lastModified: now || DateTime.now(),
+        lastModifiedBy: user,
+        version
+    });
 
 const updateAction = (rule: RuleDto, action: any, user: string, version: Version, now?: DateTime) =>
-    new RuleDto(
-        rule.id,
-        rule.createdBy, user,
-        rule.created, now || DateTime.now(),
-        version,
-        rule.isEnabled,
-        rule.trigger,
-        rule.trigger.triggerType,
+    rule.with({
         action,
-        action.actionType);
+        actionType: action.triggerType,
+        lastModified: now || DateTime.now(),
+        lastModifiedBy: user,
+        version
+    });
 
 const setEnabled = (rule: RuleDto, isEnabled: boolean, user: string, version: Version, now?: DateTime) =>
-    new RuleDto(
-        rule.id,
-        rule.createdBy, user,
-        rule.created, now || DateTime.now(),
-        version,
+    rule.with({
         isEnabled,
-        rule.trigger,
-        rule.triggerType,
-        rule.action,
-        rule.actionType);
+        lastModified: now || DateTime.now(),
+        lastModifiedBy: user,
+        version
+    });

src/Squidex/app/shared/state/schemas.state.spec.ts

@@ -18,7 +18,8 @@ import {
     CreateSchemaDto,
     DateTime,
     DialogService,
-    FieldDto,
+    NestedFieldDto,
+    RootFieldDto,
     SchemaDetailsDto,
     SchemaDto,
     SchemasService,
@@ -40,17 +41,20 @@ describe('SchemasState', () => {
     const newVersion = new Version('2');
 
     const oldSchemas = [
-        new SchemaDto('id1', 'name1', 'category1', {}, false, creator, creator, creation, creation, version),
-        new SchemaDto('id2', 'name2', 'category2', {}, true , creator, creator, creation, creation, version)
+        new SchemaDto('id1', 'name1', 'category1', {}, false, creation, creator, creation, creator, version),
+        new SchemaDto('id2', 'name2', 'category2', {}, true , creation, creator, creation, creator, version)
     ];
 
-    const field1 = new FieldDto(1, '1', false, false, false, 'l', createProperties('String'));
-    const field2 = new FieldDto(2, '2', true,  true,  true,  'l', createProperties('Number'));
+    const field1 = new RootFieldDto(1, '1', createProperties('String'), 'invariant');
+    const field2 = new RootFieldDto(2, '2', createProperties('Array'), 'invariant', false, false, false, [
+                        new NestedFieldDto(3, '3', createProperties('Number'), 2),
+                        new NestedFieldDto(4, '4', createProperties('String'), 2)
+                    ]);
 
     const schema =
         new SchemaDetailsDto('id2', 'name2', 'category2', {}, true,
-            creator, creator,
-            creation, creation,
+            creation, creator,
+            creation, creator,
             version,
             [field1, field2]);
 
@@ -277,7 +281,7 @@ describe('SchemasState', () => {
         it('should add schema to snapshot when created', () => {
             const request = new CreateSchemaDto('newName');
 
-            const result = new SchemaDetailsDto('id4', 'newName', '', {}, false, modifier, modifier, modified, modified, version, []);
+            const result = new SchemaDetailsDto('id4', 'newName', '', {}, false, modified, modifier, modified, modifier, version, []);
 
             schemasService.setup(x => x.postSchema(app, request, modifier, modified))
                 .returns(() => Observable.of(result));
@@ -301,12 +305,12 @@ describe('SchemasState', () => {
         it('should add field and update user info when field added', () => {
             const request = new AddFieldDto(field1.name, field1.partitioning, field1.properties);
 
-            const newField = new FieldDto(3, '3', false, false, false, 'l', createProperties('String'));
+            const newField = new RootFieldDto(3, '3', createProperties('String'), 'invariant');
 
-            schemasService.setup(x => x.postField(app, schema.name, It.isAny(), version))
-                .returns(() => Observable.of(new Versioned<FieldDto>(newVersion, newField)));
+            schemasService.setup(x => x.postField(app, schema.name, It.isAny(), undefined, version))
+                .returns(() => Observable.of(new Versioned<RootFieldDto>(newVersion, newField)));
 
-            schemasState.addField(schema, request, modified).subscribe();
+            schemasState.addField(schema, request, undefined, modified).subscribe();
 
             const schema_1 = <SchemaDetailsDto>schemasState.snapshot.schemas.at(1);
 
@@ -315,7 +319,7 @@ describe('SchemasState', () => {
         });
 
         it('should remove field and update user info when field removed', () => {
-            schemasService.setup(x => x.deleteField(app, schema.name, field1.fieldId, version))
+            schemasService.setup(x => x.deleteField(app, schema.name, field1.fieldId, undefined, version))
                 .returns(() => Observable.of(new Versioned<any>(newVersion, {})));
 
             schemasState.deleteField(schema, field1, modified).subscribe();
@@ -327,10 +331,10 @@ describe('SchemasState', () => {
         });
 
         it('should sort fields and update user info when fields sorted', () => {
-            schemasService.setup(x => x.putFieldOrdering(app, schema.name, [field2.fieldId, field1.fieldId], version))
+            schemasService.setup(x => x.putFieldOrdering(app, schema.name, [field2.fieldId, field1.fieldId], undefined, version))
                 .returns(() => Observable.of(new Versioned<any>(newVersion, {})));
 
-            schemasState.sortFields(schema, [field2, field1], modified).subscribe();
+            schemasState.sortFields(schema, [field2, field1], undefined, modified).subscribe();
 
             const schema_1 = <SchemaDetailsDto>schemasState.snapshot.schemas.at(1);
 
@@ -341,7 +345,7 @@ describe('SchemasState', () => {
         it('should update field properties and update user info when field updated', () => {
             const request = new UpdateFieldDto(createProperties('String'));
 
-            schemasService.setup(x => x.putField(app, schema.name, field1.fieldId, request, version))
+            schemasService.setup(x => x.putField(app, schema.name, field1.fieldId, request, undefined, version))
                 .returns(() => Observable.of(new Versioned<any>(newVersion, {})));
 
             schemasState.updateField(schema, field1, request, modified).subscribe();
@@ -353,10 +357,10 @@ describe('SchemasState', () => {
         });
 
         it('should mark field hidden and update user info when field hidden', () => {
-            schemasService.setup(x => x.hideField(app, schema.name, field1.fieldId, version))
+            schemasService.setup(x => x.hideField(app, schema.name, field1.fieldId, undefined, version))
                 .returns(() => Observable.of(new Versioned<any>(newVersion, {})));
 
-            schemasState.hideField(schema, field1, modified).subscribe();
+            schemasState.hideField(schema, field1, undefined, modified).subscribe();
 
             const schema_1 = <SchemaDetailsDto>schemasState.snapshot.schemas.at(1);
 
@@ -365,7 +369,7 @@ describe('SchemasState', () => {
         });
 
         it('should mark field disabled and update user info when field disabled', () => {
-            schemasService.setup(x => x.disableField(app, schema.name, field1.fieldId, version))
+            schemasService.setup(x => x.disableField(app, schema.name, field1.fieldId, undefined, version))
                 .returns(() => Observable.of(new Versioned<any>(newVersion, {})));
 
             schemasState.disableField(schema, field1, modified).subscribe();
@@ -389,7 +393,7 @@ describe('SchemasState', () => {
         });
 
         it('should unmark field hidden and update user info when field shown', () => {
-            schemasService.setup(x => x.showField(app, schema.name, field2.fieldId, version))
+            schemasService.setup(x => x.showField(app, schema.name, field2.fieldId, undefined, version))
                 .returns(() => Observable.of(new Versioned<any>(newVersion, {})));
 
             schemasState.showField(schema, field2, modified).subscribe();
@@ -401,7 +405,7 @@ describe('SchemasState', () => {
         });
 
         it('should unmark field disabled and update user info when field enabled', () => {
-            schemasService.setup(x => x.enableField(app, schema.name, field2.fieldId, version))
+            schemasService.setup(x => x.enableField(app, schema.name, field2.fieldId, undefined, version))
                 .returns(() => Observable.of(new Versioned<any>(newVersion, {})));
 
             schemasState.enableField(schema, field2, modified).subscribe();

src/Squidex/app/shared/state/schemas.state.ts

@@ -27,10 +27,13 @@ import { AppsState } from './apps.state';
 
 import {
     AddFieldDto,
+    AnyFieldDto,
     createProperties,
     CreateSchemaDto,
     FieldDto,
     FieldPropertiesDto,
+    NestedFieldDto,
+    RootFieldDto,
     SchemaDetailsDto,
     SchemaDto,
     SchemaPropertiesDto,
@@ -282,13 +285,6 @@ export class SchemasState extends State<Snapshot> {
         });
     }
 
-    public addField(schema: SchemaDetailsDto, request: AddFieldDto, now?: DateTime): Observable<FieldDto> {
-        return this.schemasService.postField(this.appName, schema.name, request, schema.version)
-            .do(dto => {
-                this.replaceSchema(addField(schema, dto.payload, this.user, dto.version, now));
-            }).map(d => d.payload);
-    }
-
     public publish(schema: SchemaDto, now?: DateTime): Observable<any> {
         return this.schemasService.publishSchema(this.appName, schema.name, schema.version)
             .do(dto => {
@@ -313,23 +309,23 @@ export class SchemasState extends State<Snapshot> {
             .notify(this.dialogs);
     }
 
-    public enableField(schema: SchemaDetailsDto, field: FieldDto, now?: DateTime): Observable<any> {
-        return this.schemasService.enableField(this.appName, schema.name, field.fieldId, schema.version)
+    public configureScripts(schema: SchemaDetailsDto, request: UpdateSchemaScriptsDto, now?: DateTime): Observable<any> {
+        return this.schemasService.putScripts(this.appName, schema.name, request, schema.version)
             .do(dto => {
-                this.replaceSchema(updateField(schema, setDisabled(field, false), this.user, dto.version, now));
+                this.replaceSchema(configureScripts(schema, request, this.user, dto.version, now));
             })
             .notify(this.dialogs);
     }
 
-    public disableField(schema: SchemaDetailsDto, field: FieldDto, now?: DateTime): Observable<any> {
-        return this.schemasService.disableField(this.appName, schema.name, field.fieldId, schema.version)
+    public update(schema: SchemaDetailsDto, request: UpdateSchemaDto, now?: DateTime): Observable<any> {
+        return this.schemasService.putSchema(this.appName, schema.name, request, schema.version)
             .do(dto => {
-                this.replaceSchema(updateField(schema, setDisabled(field, true), this.user, dto.version, now));
+                this.replaceSchema(updateProperties(schema, request, this.user, dto.version, now));
             })
             .notify(this.dialogs);
     }
 
-    public lockField(schema: SchemaDetailsDto, field: FieldDto, now?: DateTime): Observable<any> {
+    public lockField(schema: SchemaDetailsDto, field: RootFieldDto, now?: DateTime): Observable<any> {
         return this.schemasService.lockField(this.appName, schema.name, field.fieldId, schema.version)
             .do(dto => {
                 this.replaceSchema(updateField(schema, setLocked(field, true), this.user, dto.version, now));
@@ -337,62 +333,101 @@ export class SchemasState extends State<Snapshot> {
             .notify(this.dialogs);
     }
 
-    public showField(schema: SchemaDetailsDto, field: FieldDto, now?: DateTime): Observable<any> {
-        return this.schemasService.showField(this.appName, schema.name, field.fieldId, schema.version)
+    public addField(schema: SchemaDetailsDto, request: AddFieldDto, parent?: RootFieldDto, now?: DateTime): Observable<FieldDto> {
+        return this.schemasService.postField(this.appName, schema.name, request, pid(parent), schema.version)
+            .do(dto => {
+                if (Types.is(dto.payload, NestedFieldDto)) {
+                    this.replaceSchema(updateField(schema, addNested(parent!, dto.payload), this.user, dto.version, now));
+                } else {
+                    this.replaceSchema(addField(schema, dto.payload, this.user, dto.version, now));
+                }
+            }).map(d => d.payload);
+    }
+
+    public sortFields(schema: SchemaDetailsDto, fields: any[], parent?: RootFieldDto, now?: DateTime): Observable<any> {
+        return this.schemasService.putFieldOrdering(this.appName, schema.name, fields.map(t => t.fieldId), pid(parent), schema.version)
             .do(dto => {
-                this.replaceSchema(updateField(schema, setHidden(field, false), this.user, dto.version, now));
+                if (!parent) {
+                    this.replaceSchema(replaceFields(schema, fields, this.user, dto.version, now));
+                } else {
+                    this.replaceSchema(updateField(schema, replaceNested(parent, fields), this.user, dto.version, now));
+                }
             })
             .notify(this.dialogs);
     }
 
-    public hideField(schema: SchemaDetailsDto, field: FieldDto, now?: DateTime): Observable<any> {
-        return this.schemasService.hideField(this.appName, schema.name, field.fieldId, schema.version)
+    public enableField(schema: SchemaDetailsDto, field: AnyFieldDto, now?: DateTime): Observable<any> {
+        return this.schemasService.enableField(this.appName, schema.name, field.fieldId, pidof(field), schema.version)
             .do(dto => {
-                this.replaceSchema(updateField(schema, setHidden(field, true), this.user, dto.version, now));
+                this.replaceField(schema, setDisabled(field, false), dto.version, now);
             })
             .notify(this.dialogs);
     }
 
-    public deleteField(schema: SchemaDetailsDto, field: FieldDto, now?: DateTime): Observable<any> {
-        return this.schemasService.deleteField(this.appName, schema.name, field.fieldId, schema.version)
+    public disableField(schema: SchemaDetailsDto, field: AnyFieldDto, now?: DateTime): Observable<any> {
+        return this.schemasService.disableField(this.appName, schema.name, field.fieldId, pidof(field), schema.version)
             .do(dto => {
-                this.replaceSchema(removeField(schema, field, this.user, dto.version, now));
+                this.replaceField(schema, setDisabled(field, true), dto.version, now);
             })
             .notify(this.dialogs);
     }
 
-    public sortFields(schema: SchemaDetailsDto, fields: FieldDto[], now?: DateTime): Observable<any> {
-        return this.schemasService.putFieldOrdering(this.appName, schema.name, fields.map(t => t.fieldId), schema.version)
+    public showField(schema: SchemaDetailsDto, field: AnyFieldDto, now?: DateTime): Observable<any> {
+        return this.schemasService.showField(this.appName, schema.name, field.fieldId, pidof(field), schema.version)
             .do(dto => {
-                this.replaceSchema(replaceFields(schema, fields, this.user, dto.version, now));
+                this.replaceField(schema, setHidden(field, false), dto.version, now);
             })
             .notify(this.dialogs);
     }
 
-    public updateField(schema: SchemaDetailsDto, field: FieldDto, request: UpdateFieldDto, now?: DateTime): Observable<any> {
-        return this.schemasService.putField(this.appName, schema.name, field.fieldId, request, schema.version)
+    public hideField(schema: SchemaDetailsDto, field: AnyFieldDto, parent?: RootFieldDto, now?: DateTime): Observable<any> {
+        return this.schemasService.hideField(this.appName, schema.name, field.fieldId, pidof(field), schema.version)
             .do(dto => {
-                this.replaceSchema(updateField(schema, update(field, request.properties), this.user, dto.version, now));
+                this.replaceField(schema, setHidden(field, true), dto.version, now);
             })
             .notify(this.dialogs);
     }
 
-    public configureScripts(schema: SchemaDetailsDto, request: UpdateSchemaScriptsDto, now?: DateTime): Observable<any> {
-        return this.schemasService.putScripts(this.appName, schema.name, request, schema.version)
+    public updateField(schema: SchemaDetailsDto, field: AnyFieldDto, request: UpdateFieldDto, now?: DateTime): Observable<any> {
+        return this.schemasService.putField(this.appName, schema.name, field.fieldId, request, pidof(field), schema.version)
             .do(dto => {
-                this.replaceSchema(configureScripts(schema, request, this.user, dto.version, now));
+                this.replaceField(schema, update(field, request.properties), dto.version, now);
             })
             .notify(this.dialogs);
     }
 
-    public update(schema: SchemaDetailsDto, request: UpdateSchemaDto, now?: DateTime): Observable<any> {
-        return this.schemasService.putSchema(this.appName, schema.name, request, schema.version)
+    public deleteField(schema: SchemaDetailsDto, field: AnyFieldDto, now?: DateTime): Observable<any> {
+        return this.schemasService.deleteField(this.appName, schema.name, field.fieldId, pidof(field), schema.version)
             .do(dto => {
-                this.replaceSchema(updateProperties(schema, request, this.user, dto.version, now));
+                this.removeField(schema, field, dto.version, now);
             })
             .notify(this.dialogs);
     }
 
+    private replaceField(schema: SchemaDetailsDto, field: AnyFieldDto, version: Version, now?: DateTime) {
+        if (Types.is(field, RootFieldDto)) {
+            this.replaceSchema(updateField(schema, field, this.user, version, now));
+        } else {
+            const parent = schema.fields.find(x => x.fieldId === field.parentId);
+
+            if (parent) {
+                this.replaceSchema(updateField(schema, updatedNested(parent, field), this.user, version, now));
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    private removeField(schema: SchemaDetailsDto, field: AnyFieldDto, version: Version, now?: DateTime) {
+        if (Types.is(field, RootFieldDto)) {
+            this.replaceSchema(removeField(schema, field, this.user, version, now));
+        } else {
+            const parent = schema.fields.find(x => x.fieldId === field.parentId);
+
+            if (parent) {
+                this.replaceSchema(updateField(schema, removeNested(parent, field), this.user, version, now));
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
     private replaceSchema(schema: SchemaDto) {
         return this.next(s => {
             const schemas = s.schemas.replaceBy('id', schema).sortByStringAsc(x => x.displayName);
@@ -444,204 +479,97 @@ function removeCategory(categories: { [name: string]: boolean }, category: strin
     return categories;
 }
 
-const setPublished = (schema: SchemaDto | SchemaDetailsDto, publish: boolean, user: string, version: Version, now?: DateTime) => {
-    if (Types.is(schema, SchemaDetailsDto)) {
-        return new SchemaDetailsDto(
-            schema.id,
-            schema.name,
-            schema.category,
-            schema.properties,
-            publish,
-            schema.createdBy, user,
-            schema.created, now || DateTime.now(),
-            version,
-            schema.fields,
-            schema.scriptQuery,
-            schema.scriptCreate,
-            schema.scriptUpdate,
-            schema.scriptDelete,
-            schema.scriptChange);
-    } else {
-        return new SchemaDto(
-            schema.id,
-            schema.name,
-            schema.category,
-            schema.properties,
-            publish,
-            schema.createdBy, user,
-            schema.created, now || DateTime.now(),
-            version);
-    }
-};
-
-const changeCategory = (schema: SchemaDto | SchemaDetailsDto, category: string, user: string, version: Version, now?: DateTime) => {
-    if (Types.is(schema, SchemaDetailsDto)) {
-        return new SchemaDetailsDto(
-            schema.id,
-            schema.name,
-            category,
-            schema.properties,
-            schema.isPublished,
-            schema.createdBy, user,
-            schema.created, now || DateTime.now(),
-            version,
-            schema.fields,
-            schema.scriptQuery,
-            schema.scriptCreate,
-            schema.scriptUpdate,
-            schema.scriptDelete,
-            schema.scriptChange);
-    } else {
-        return new SchemaDto(
-            schema.id,
-            schema.name,
-            category,
-            schema.properties,
-            schema.isPublished,
-            schema.createdBy, user,
-            schema.created, now || DateTime.now(),
-            version);
-    }
-};
+const setPublished = <T extends SchemaDto>(schema: T, isPublished: boolean, user: string, version: Version, now?: DateTime) =>
+    <T>schema.with({
+        isPublished,
+        lastModified: now || DateTime.now(),
+        lastModifiedBy: user,
+        version
+    });
+
+
+const changeCategory = <T extends SchemaDto>(schema: T, category: string, user: string, version: Version, now?: DateTime) =>
+    <T>schema.with({
+        category,
+        lastModified: now || DateTime.now(),
+        lastModifiedBy: user,
+        version
+    });
 
 const configureScripts = (schema: SchemaDetailsDto, scripts: UpdateSchemaScriptsDto, user: string, version: Version, now?: DateTime) =>
-    new SchemaDetailsDto(
-        schema.id,
-        schema.name,
-        schema.category,
-        schema.properties,
-        schema.isPublished,
-        schema.createdBy, user,
-        schema.created, now || DateTime.now(),
-        version,
-        schema.fields,
-        scripts.scriptQuery,
-        scripts.scriptCreate,
-        scripts.scriptUpdate,
-        scripts.scriptDelete,
-        scripts.scriptChange);
+    schema.with({
+        ...scripts,
+        lastModified: now || DateTime.now(),
+        lastModifiedBy: user,
+        version
+    });
 
 const updateProperties = (schema: SchemaDetailsDto, properties: SchemaPropertiesDto, user: string, version: Version, now?: DateTime) =>
-    new SchemaDetailsDto(
-        schema.id,
-        schema.name,
-        schema.category,
+    schema.with({
         properties,
-        schema.isPublished,
-        schema.createdBy, user,
-        schema.created, now || DateTime.now(),
-        version,
-        schema.fields,
-        schema.scriptQuery,
-        schema.scriptCreate,
-        schema.scriptUpdate,
-        schema.scriptDelete,
-        schema.scriptChange);
-
-const addField = (schema: SchemaDetailsDto, field: FieldDto, user: string, version: Version, now?: DateTime) =>
-    new SchemaDetailsDto(
-        schema.id,
-        schema.name,
-        schema.category,
-        schema.properties,
-        schema.isPublished,
-        schema.createdBy, user,
-        schema.created, now || DateTime.now(),
-        version,
-        [...schema.fields, field],
-        schema.scriptQuery,
-        schema.scriptCreate,
-        schema.scriptUpdate,
-        schema.scriptDelete,
-        schema.scriptChange);
-
-const updateField = (schema: SchemaDetailsDto, field: FieldDto, user: string, version: Version, now?: DateTime) =>
-    new SchemaDetailsDto(
-        schema.id,
-        schema.name,
-        schema.category,
-        schema.properties,
-        schema.isPublished,
-        schema.createdBy, user,
-        schema.created, now || DateTime.now(),
-        version,
-        schema.fields.map(f => f.fieldId === field.fieldId ? field : f),
-        schema.scriptQuery,
-        schema.scriptCreate,
-        schema.scriptUpdate,
-        schema.scriptDelete,
-        schema.scriptChange);
-
-const replaceFields = (schema: SchemaDetailsDto, fields: FieldDto[], user: string, version: Version, now?: DateTime) =>
-    new SchemaDetailsDto(
-        schema.id,
-        schema.name,
-        schema.category,
-        schema.properties,
-        schema.isPublished,
-        schema.createdBy, user,
-        schema.created, now || DateTime.now(),
-        version,
+        lastModified: now || DateTime.now(),
+        lastModifiedBy: user,
+        version
+    });
+
+const addField = (schema: SchemaDetailsDto, field: RootFieldDto, user: string, version: Version, now?: DateTime) =>
+    schema.with({
+        fields: [...schema.fields, field],
+        lastModified: now || DateTime.now(),
+        lastModifiedBy: user,
+        version
+    });
+
+const updateField = (schema: SchemaDetailsDto, field: RootFieldDto, user: string, version: Version, now?: DateTime) =>
+    schema.with({
+        fields: schema.fields.map(f => f.fieldId === field.fieldId ? field : f),
+        lastModified: now || DateTime.now(),
+        lastModifiedBy: user,
+        version
+    });
+
+const replaceFields = (schema: SchemaDetailsDto, fields: RootFieldDto[], user: string, version: Version, now?: DateTime) =>
+    schema.with({
         fields,
-        schema.scriptQuery,
-        schema.scriptCreate,
-        schema.scriptUpdate,
-        schema.scriptDelete,
-        schema.scriptChange);
+        version,
+        lastModified: now || DateTime.now(),
+        lastModifiedBy: user
+    });
 
 const removeField = (schema: SchemaDetailsDto, field: FieldDto, user: string, version: Version, now?: DateTime) =>
-    new SchemaDetailsDto(
-        schema.id,
-        schema.name,
-        schema.category,
-        schema.properties,
-        schema.isPublished,
-        schema.createdBy, user,
-        schema.created, now || DateTime.now(),
+    schema.with({
+        fields: schema.fields.filter(f => f.fieldId !== field.fieldId),
         version,
-        schema.fields.filter(f => f.fieldId !== field.fieldId),
-        schema.scriptQuery,
-        schema.scriptCreate,
-        schema.scriptUpdate,
-        schema.scriptDelete,
-        schema.scriptChange);
-
-const setLocked = (field: FieldDto, isLocked: boolean) =>
-    new FieldDto(
-        field.fieldId,
-        field.name,
-        isLocked,
-        field.isHidden,
-        field.isDisabled,
-        field.partitioning,
-        field.properties);
-
-const setHidden = (field: FieldDto, isHidden: boolean) =>
-    new FieldDto(
-        field.fieldId,
-        field.name,
-        field.isLocked,
-        isHidden,
-        field.isDisabled,
-        field.partitioning,
-        field.properties);
-
-const setDisabled = (field: FieldDto, isDisabled: boolean) =>
-    new FieldDto(
-        field.fieldId,
-        field.name,
-        field.isLocked,
-        field.isDisabled,
-        isDisabled,
-        field.partitioning,
-        field.properties);
-
-const update = (field: FieldDto, properties: FieldPropertiesDto) =>
-    new FieldDto(
-        field.fieldId,
-        field.name,
-        field.isLocked,
-        field.isHidden,
-        field.isDisabled,
-        field.partitioning,
-        properties);
+        lastModified: now || DateTime.now(),
+        lastModifiedBy: user
+    });
+
+const addNested = (parent: RootFieldDto, nested: NestedFieldDto) =>
+    parent.with({ nested: [...parent.nested, nested] });
+
+const updatedNested = (parent: RootFieldDto, nested: NestedFieldDto) =>
+    parent.with({ nested: parent.nested.map(f => f.fieldId === nested.fieldId ? nested : f) });
+
+const replaceNested = (parent: RootFieldDto, nested: NestedFieldDto[]) =>
+    parent.with({ nested });
+
+const removeNested = (parent: RootFieldDto, nested: NestedFieldDto) =>
+    parent.with({ nested: parent.nested.filter(f => f.fieldId !== nested.fieldId) });
+
+const setLocked = (field: RootFieldDto, isLocked: boolean) =>
+    field.with({ isLocked });
+
+const setHidden = <T extends FieldDto>(field: T, isHidden: boolean) =>
+    <T>field.with(<any>{ isHidden });
+
+const setDisabled = <T extends FieldDto>(field: T, isDisabled: boolean) =>
+    <T>field.with(<any>{ isDisabled });
+
+const update = <T extends FieldDto>(field: T, properties: FieldPropertiesDto) =>
+    <T>field.with({ properties });
+
+const pid = (field?: RootFieldDto) =>
+    field ? field.fieldId : undefined;
+
+const pidof = (field: FieldDto) =>
+    Types.is(field, NestedFieldDto) ? field.parentId : undefined;